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Entity alignment is a key step in knowledge fusion,which aims to discover entity pairs with corresponding relations between knowledge graphs.Knowledge fusion enables a more extensive and accurate services for further knowledge graph applications.However,the entity names and relations are used insufficiently by most of the state-of-the-art models of entity alignment.After obtaining the vector representation of the entity,generally the alignment relations among the entities are obtained through single iterative strategy or direct calculation,while ignoring some valuable information,so that the result of entity alignment is not ideal.In view of the above problems,a multi-information optimized entity alignment model based on graph neural network(MOGNN) is proposed.Firstly,the input of the model fuses word information and character information in the entity name,and the vector representation of relations is learnt through attention mechanism.After transmitting the information by utilizing relations,MOGNN corrects the initial entity alignment matrix based on the pre-alignment results of entities and relations,and finally employs the deferred acceptance algorithm to further correct the misaligned results.The proposed model is validated on three subsets of DBP15K,and compared with the baseline models.Compared with the baseline models,Hits@1 increases by 4.47%,0.82% and 0.46%,Hits@10 and MRR have also achieved impressive results,and the effectiveness of the model is further verifies by ablation experiments.Therefore,more accurate entity alignment results can be obtained with the proposed model.

To provide theoretical reference for owners to identify unbalanced bids, this paper aims to construct an identification method based on grey relational and fuzzy set theory. Firstly, to measure the closeness degree between bidding unit price from engineering's estimated price, grey relational analysis theory is used to express the relationship between them. Secondly, a combined weight method determining all line items is calculated through integrating analytic hierarchy model and maximizing deviation method. Thirdly, based on fuzzy set theory, the membership degree and the fuzzy relation matrix are constructed, and then a fuzzy comprehensive identification method is established to identify unbalanced bidding. Fourthly, on the basis of fuzzy comprehensive identification method, the scoring set and total score vector are designed, and the rank of unbalanced bids is obtained by total score vector. Finally, a practical construction project bidding is stated to illustrate the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed method. Key words: project management, unbalanced bid, identification, grey-fuzzy evaluation method. Afin de fournir une reference theorique aux proprietaries pour determiner les soumissions inegales, le present document vise a construire une methode d'identification basee sur la theorie grise rationnelle et la theorie des ensembles flous. Premierement, dans le but de mesurer le degre de proximite entre le prix unitaire de la soumission et le prix estimatif de l'ingenierie, on utilise la theorie grise de l'analyse rationnelle pour exprimer la relation entre les deux. Deuxiemement, une methode de ponderation combinee pour determiner tous les postes est calculee en integrant un modele de hierarchie analytique et la methode d'ecart superieur. Troisiemement, sur la base de la theorie des ensembles flous, le degre d'appartenance et la matrice des relations floues sont construits, puis une methode d'identification globale floue est etablie pour determiner les soumissions inegales. Quatriemement, sur la base de la methode d'identification complete floue, l'ensemble des cotes et le vecteur des cotes globales sont concus, et le rang des soumissions inegales est obtenu par le vecteur des cotes globales. Enfin, une soumission pratique pour un projet de construction est presentee pour illustrer l'efficacite et la faisabilite de la methode proposee. Mots-cles: gestion de projet, soumission inegale, identification, methode devaluation grise-floue., Introduction Competitive bidding is one of the most common approaches for owners to select contractors in the construction industry (Takano et al. 2018). In the unit price contract, the measurement [...]

The performance data of water environment treatment public–private partnership (PPP) projects have the characteristics of multiple data sources, diverse types, and difficulties in integration. Based on existing literature and the characteristics of water environment treatment projects, this study establishes a performance evaluation index system for water environment treatment PPP projects. To address the multitemporal performance data, the data similarity method is employed to integrate multiple time data, while an ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operator is used to integrate multiple spatial location data. For indicator weighting, the OWA operator and overweighted weighting method are applied to allocate weights. Lastly, the Dempster–Shafer (D-S) evidence theory is utilized to evaluate project performance and determine the level of project performance. This model is implemented in the Pingyu County water environment treatment PPP project, yielding an overall performance level of level II (better). Additionally, the model offers distinct performance levels for each indicator, with special purpose vehicle (SPV) company governance B1 , water conservancy facilities B3 , garden plants B6 , and bridges B7 all achieving level III (general). Future managers can concentrate on enhancing these indicators to improve project performance. The incorporation of this approach for integrating multiple spatiotemporal data in performance evaluation enhances the reliability of results and carries substantial practical implications for advancing the sustainable development of water environment governance PPP projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To scientifically evaluate the implementation of the River Chief System (RCS), accelerate the overall improvement of the water ecological environment, and promote the sustainable development of river and lake functions, this study selects 26 evaluation indicators from six aspects, including the effectiveness of organization and management, the effectiveness of water resources protection, the effectiveness of water environment management, the effectiveness of water pollution prevention and control, the effectiveness of water ecological restoration, and the effectiveness of the management of the waterside shoreline, and establishes an evaluation system for the effectiveness of the implementation of the RCS. Among the 26 indicators, data for the qualitative indicators mainly come from a series of statistical yearbooks and RCS reports, while data for the quantitative indicators are obtained through scoring by more than 20 experts and calculating the average. The CRITIC objective weighting method is improved from three aspects of comparison intensity, correlation coefficient, and degree of variation, and the subjective weighting of indicators is carried out using the AHP 1–5 scale method. The optimal linear combination of subjective and objective weighting results is obtained using the combination weighting method with game theory, which is auxiliary to the set pair analysis. Considering the "certainty" and "uncertainty" in the evaluation process, the four-element connection number model of set pair analysis is established to evaluate the implementation effect of the RCS in Henan Province from 2018 to 2021. The results show that the implementation effect of the RCS in Henan Province improves year by year and reaches excellent in 2019. The results of this study can be used as a reference for evaluating the work of the RCS in other regions and can also provide a reference for the study of evaluation problems in other fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the public–private partnership (PPP) supply chain, trust serves as the foundation for collaboration between investment companies and suppliers. However, due to many uncertain factors, the evolution of trust remains a "black box" phenomenon. In order to analyze the impact of the evolution of trust in the PPP supply chain on investment companies and suppliers' strategic choices, and promote the healthy and sustainable development of PPP supply chain projects, this paper establishes a trust evolutionary game model, which analyzes the evolutionary paths under different scenarios and explores the impact of parameters on the cooperative strategies of participants. The findings indicate that trust asymmetry or an increase in trust can facilitate investment companies and suppliers to opt for positive cooperation strategies. Furthermore, both parties' strategies are less influenced by their initial willingness and more by trust degree. The moral risk coefficient and information asymmetry coefficient have a negative effect on the cooperative strategies, with the moral risk coefficient of investment companies exhibiting a more significant impact on the entire cooperation process. Moreover, both parties can only choose positive strategies when the information asymmetry coefficient is low. This study holds significant implications for promoting cooperation, enhancing contract performance, safeguarding the interests of all parties, and increasing cooperation satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The onset of transition to cellularity and self-similar propagation of centrally ignited, expanding spherical flames in a reactive environment of H2/O2/N2 and H2/O2/He mixtures at initial pressures up to 15 bar were experimentally investigated using a newly developed, constant-pressure, dual-chamber vessel and were theoretically interpreted based on linear stability theory. The experiments were well-controlled to identify the separate and coupled effects of Darrieus–Landau instability and diffusional–thermal instability. Results show that the critical radius, rcr, for the onset of cellular instability varies non-monotonously with initial pressure for fuel-lean and stoichiometric H2/O2/N2 flames. This non-monotonous pressure dependence of rcr is well captured by linear stability theory for stoichiometric flames. The experimental critical Peclet number, Pecr = rcr/δf, increases non-linearly with the Markstein number, Ma, which measures the intensity of diffusional–thermal instability. However, a linear dependence of Pecr on Ma is predicted by linear stability theory. Specifically, the theory shows well quantitative agreement with the experimental results for mixtures with near-unity Leeff; however, it under-predicts the Pecr for mixtures with off-unity Leeff. In addition, there exists three distinct propagation stages for flames subjected to cellular instability, namely, smooth expansion, transition propagation, and self-similar propagation. The acceleration exponent, α, in the self-similar propagation stage was extracted based on the power-law of drf/dt = αA1/αrf(1 − 1/α), where rf is the instantaneous mean flame radius, and A is a constant. The values of α are located between 1.22 and 1.40, which are smaller than the suggested value (1.5) for self-turbulization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]