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Studies commonly highlight the informational upside of a board of directors' connections to its external environment. Through their seats on multiple outside boards, directors are positioned to bring valuable informational resources to complex internal tasks on a focal firm. Crafting an ambidextrous strategic orientation is such a task, requiring great informational resourcing from a board to reconcile contradictions of exploration and exploitation. Yet, we assign an important boundary condition to this expectation by unpacking the idea of "busyness" as an important consideration in a board's (in)ability to apply their informational resources. We complement Resource Dependence Theory with insights from bounded rationality and bounded reliability, to challenge the "more is better" assumption of the benefits of outside board seats. We develop corresponding hypotheses on the extent to which busyness of different director types (exemplified here via the busyness of non-executives, executives, and women directors) is related to the ambidextrous strategic orientation of a firm. Our results from a robust longitudinal panel analysis of publicly listed UK firms uncover complex patterns and provide evidence that boards with busy non-executives have a negative influence on the ambidextrous strategic orientation of firms, whereas boards with busy executive directors do not seem to exert an influence. We further find that boards with busy women directors show an inverted U-shaped relation with ambidextrous strategic orientation. We discuss implications for theory and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Auditors' propensity to issue Going Concern Audit Reports (GCARs) is one of the proxies often used for audit quality. Although this propensity is a distinguishing characteristic of auditors, it does not indicate quality according to both theory and practice. In theory, higher quality auditors make fewer audit errors; they are more likely to issue GCARs to clients that deserve them and less likely to issue GCARs to clients that do not. Therefore, the propensity itself does not indicate quality. In practice, Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) inspection reports reveal that the GCAR is rarely mentioned as a deficiency, and in the few cases in which it is discussed, the deficiency is attributed to evidence gathering and estimations, rather than to the GCAR decision itself. The theory and practice motivate our study. This article investigates the empirical ability of the GCAR propensity to proxy for audit quality and finds that different samples and different models yield different determinations of auditor quality. Our findings caution against the use of the propensity to issue GCARs as a proxy for audit quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Harlow Gale is often depicted as the first experimentalist in advertising thought. This positioning elides influences which impacted upon his thinking. In this article, we outline Gale's involvement with psychical research and its implications for advertising. These narratives are situated within a genealogy of subliminal processes across advertising and marketing theory from the late nineteenth century through to social cognition studies today. Gale's connection with psychical research, in conjunction with early practitioner reflections on the unconscious, formed the enabling conditions for his major contributions to advertising. Psychical scholarship spotlighted the centrality of the "multiplex self" to human functioning. While psychical framings scaffolded Gale's empirical, conceptual, and theoretical work, it also limited greater engagement with his insights. However, subsequent modifications of advertising theory and practice are underwritten by levels of continuity and discontinuity that facilitate the identification of psychically indebted bodies of thought from Gale's time to the present day. Taken together, these analytic associations provide a substantive reorientation of historical and contemporary accounts of advertising theory and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We examine how technology affordances impact clan control mechanisms in organizations. Using an interpretive multisite case study of the use of body-worn cameras in police organizations and technology affordance theory, we identify five technology affordances (Practice Visualization, Behavior Sanitization, Panoptic Supervision, Multiplex Evaluation, and Evidence Persistence). Actualization of these affordances constitutes affordance-based control, which reconfigures clan control mechanisms and extends the scope and intensity of bureaucratic control in our case sites, thereby bureaucratizing the clan. Our study makes significant contributions to affordances, organizational control, and technology-mediated control theory and practice. First, we develop a process model of affordance-based control, demonstrating technology's role in constraining and enabling employees and supervisors to enact clan and bureaucratic control, respectively. Second, we show how affordance-based control extends the control relationship from traditional dyadic supervisor-employee control to triadic supervisor-technology-employee control. Finally, our study shows how affordance-based control facilitates the co-creation of control mechanisms by actualizing employee and supervisor affordances individually and jointly. Thus, affordance-based control can afford participatory supervision, empowering employees to have an input in control mechanisms that were historically imposed on them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been developing explosively in recent years, and in this context, knowledge workers are increasingly understanding and using AI, and AI awareness influences their behaviours. Based on self-efficacy theory, this study constructed a dual-path model aiming to reveal the impact of knowledge workers’ AI awareness on their organisational citizenship behaviours. The study collected multi-source data from China (n = 461) to construct a structural equation model, and the results indicated that AI awareness has a double-edged sword effect on organisational citizenship behaviours of knowledge workers, which are positive effect by promoting performance self-efficacy and negative effect by inhibiting creative self-efficacy, respectively. In the process of promoting organisational citizenship behaviours, organisational innovation climate plays a positive moderating role. This study also discussed the implications of the findings for both theory and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to extend the limited knowledge base about coach developers, certainly in terms of how they have accumulated new skills and knowledge over a longitudinal period but also how they have come to understand themselves and their current coach development practice. Therefore, this study used an adapted version of the Biographic Narrative Interpretive Method to chart the (trans)formation of professional dispositions as evidence of knowledge generation, learning and practice. Through mapping theory to practice, we understand how ‘funds of knowledge’ became funds of a coach developer identity that mediated the work of a professional coach developer. Qualitative data highlight the major influences as we story a holistic, collaborative and (coach) learner-centred practice that cohered around individualised approaches. The findings demonstrate how coach developers can be more than mere knowledge brokers who have to ‘educate’ a certain way in a highly regulated McDonaldised formal coach education system. From here, we frame important and reflective questions for the readership to consider about the future development of coach developers in order to counteract reported knowledge deficits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amid growing environmental concerns, there is an increasing demand for creative research approaches that address impending crises while simultaneously imagining sustainable modes for humans to coexist with nature. In response, we introduce the concept/practice of "biofuturing," a creative research approach concerned with the co-design of multispecies speculations of worlds to come. We engaged 21 scholars in a 3-day biofuturing event, combining a living lab methodology with futures studies techniques and creative practices. In this article, we present biofuturing in theory and practice, and we discuss how the co-designed futures speculations address existing and emerging challenges from a multispecies perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While many aspects of the leader–follower relationship have been studied, we know very little about the role of leader–follower distance in relationships and organizations. In particular, we propose to go beyond the current definition and examine distance as malleable and enacted by leaders. We explore this as acts of "doing distance" via two studies. In the first, we utilized the Critical Incident Technique to collect events of enacted distance from 97 managers working in diverse sectors and organizations. Drawing on the qualitative findings, we develop a conceptual model of the context, goals, and behavioral practices of enacted distance. In the second study (N = 543), we tested the proposed model using an experimental manipulation to examine the role of identity processes and levels (individual, relational, and collective) in leaders' doing distance. We identify specific managerial practices of doing distance and their related antecedents in terms of individuals' experiences and relationships, and discuss implications for theory and practice regarding distance in leader–follower relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author addresses the importance of the evaluation client within evaluation theory and practice and offers a qualitatively derived framework for conceptualizing this role in social work evaluation. Based on an interpretative qualitative analysis of graduate students’ evaluation reports authored over 11 offerings of a specific capstone course on intrinsic agency-based evaluation, the author undertook an analysis of 96 reports selected from 220. Using open coding, the author surfaced four alternative ways of conceiving of the evaluation client, and through interpretation organized those into a typology incorporating two dimensions: the client’s strength of evaluation perspective, and the client’s level of engagement. The author discusses each of the four cells, identifies issues facing social work evaluators when they interact with each type of evaluation client, and draws conclusions for the role of each of the four types of evaluation client in intrinsic agency-based evaluation. The author draws implications for the use of the typology in undertaking client-driven evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As populist pressures strain democratic checks and balances globally, parliaments must proactively assert their oversight capacity. This Article, which examines the Israeli case, outlines how legislatures can better hold executives to account. It does so by examining the pathologies underlying weak oversight in the Israeli parliament through an original typology, based on a categorisation into five families: Deficient Structural Infrastructure, Deficient Organisational Infrastructure, Political Culture, Lack of Incentives, and Parliament-Government Dynamics. Moreover, an analysis of interviews, parliamentary documentation, parliamentary procedure, and scholarship reveals not only the causes for the substantial gap between robust oversight mechanisms and their limited use, but also the interaction between these pathologies. This study provides theoretical insights about recurring oversight barriers while offering practical lessons for reform. By illuminating how the Israeli parliament falls short, this case study outlines how other legislatures can better hold executives to account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of translanguaging is increasingly prevalent in the field of foreign language teaching, generating efforts to understand how foreign language teachers use translanguaging and introduce its benefits in the classroom. However, current understandings of teachers’ uses of translanguaging do not yet sufficiently reflect its complexity. Moreover, an integrated model that helps bridge the gap between theory and practice has not been proposed, a criticism often raised by skeptics of translanguaging. To address the need for an increased understanding of translanguaging practices, a meta-ethnographic synthesis of 17 translanguaging studies on teacher-student interactions in foreign language environments was conducted. A synthesis of 96 contextualized excerpts from the studies resulted in a four-layered model, comprising resources, methods, functions, and identity and culture as well as nine components of these layers, which are explained with examples. Findings and discussion are centered on how the model promotes a multifaceted understanding of pedagogical translanguaging and its potential to guide teachers in their translanguaging practices. The model may provide an analytical tool for an in-depth understanding of translanguaging and serve as a searchable directory of related terms for those seeking to explore the notion of translanguaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discussing Mustafa Çevrim's clinical paper, this article focuses on what it means to feel competent in the treatment room. The felt questioning of our competence or perceived rejection of our therapeutic efforts often activates our trailing edge. It is therefore essential that therapists also reflect on their experiences in an intersubjective context. In addition, therapeutic competencies must be acquired in a process that closely links theory and practice. The article uses Mustafa's case to examine which abilities and skills are of central importance for progress in treatment from the perspective of intersubjective Self Psychology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the perceptions of early-career social workers on their academic preparation for their social work employment in the context of the challenging road and ambitious comeback of social work in post-communist Romania. Results showed respondents felt ill-prepared in their transition from education to their employment and received limited resources from employers to support the application of knowledge and skills learnt at university to the realities of daily professional practice. A multi-pronged approach is needed to educate new social workers at both university and employer levels with the goal of providing quality social services to clients and their families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

US decline and retrenchment is increasing the importance of regional dynamics across the international system. Over the past decade, International Relations scholars have described and conceptualized this development variously as 'de-centred globalism', a 'multi-order world', a 'multiplex world' or a multicultural 'no one's world', but the links between the regional and global levels and the roles and functions of regional institutions in power politics continue to be poorly understood. This special section uses the analytical lens of soft balancing—that is, attempts at restraining a threatening power through diplomatic and institutional delegitimation—to explore these links. Soft balancing has been used extensively to understand developments at the great power level, but its focus on diplomatic and institutional strategies holds considerable potential for explaining how rising powers, middle powers and smaller states seek to navigate the emerging international order. Contributors to the section discuss developments in the Indo-Pacific, central Asia, Europe and BRICS to answer questions such as: what are the characteristics of soft balancing in the regions? How do regional actors apply different soft balancing strategies? When and under what conditions will soft balancing strategies be effective? What is their impact on regional and global orders? This introduction offers an overview of soft balancing in theory and practice and their relevance to the world's regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exploration and exploitation have opposite natures; therefore, balancing the two presents a key challenge for firms. Recent studies have argued that firms can combine exploration (exploitation) capabilities with exploitation (exploration) partnerships to surmount this obstacle. However, little is known about how accumulated capabilities for exploring and exploiting activities shape the ways in which firms select partnerships. We examine this question by leveraging a unique data set on new product development in the Brazilian manufacturing sector that has 19,081 observations over a 14-year span. Contrary to the expectation of complementarity, in which the greater capability of one type (e.g., exploitation) is associated with selecting a partnership of another type (e.g., exploration), our findings suggest that increases in capabilities of any type are associated with exploration partnerships. We provide alternative explanations for our findings, highlight implications for theory and practice, and discuss potential avenues for future research. JEL CLASSIFICATION : O31, M13, L14 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rank-one convexity is a weak form of convexity related to convex integration and the elusive notion of quasiconvexity, but more amenable both in theory and practice. However, exact algorithms for computing the rank one convex hull of a finite set are only known for some special cases of separate convexity with a finite number of directions. Both inner approximations either with laminates or T 4 's and outer approximations through polyconvexity are known to be insufficient in general. We study ℝ 2 ⊕ ℝ -separately convex hulls of finite sets, which is a special case of rank-one convexity with infinitely many directions in which T 4 's are known not to capture the rank one convex hull. When ℝ 3 is identified with a subset of 2 × 3 matrices, it is known to correspond also to quasiconvexity. We propose new inner and outer approximations built upon systematic use of known results, and prove that they agree. The inner approximation allows to understand better the structure of the rank one convex hull. The outer approximation gives rise to a computational algorithm which, in some cases, computes the hull exactly, and in general builds a sequence that converges to the hull. We use and systematize all previous attempts at computing D-convex hulls, and bring new ideas that may help compute general D-convex hulls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a swiftly advancing field with the great potential to be ubiquitously adopted in quantum communication applications, attributed to its unique capability to offer ultimate end-to-end theoretical security. However, when transitioning QKD from theory to practice, environmental noise presents a significant impediment, often undermining the real-time efficacy of secure key rates. To uphold the operation of QKD systems, a myriad of protocols and experimental designs have been proposed to counteract the effects of noises. Even with real-time variations, the primary component of environmental noise can be modeled as a unitary evolution or background noise, which can be compensated or reduced with various noise-reducing schemes. This review provides an overview of design strategies for reducing noises in practical QKD systems under various circumstances. These strategies are evaluated based on their principles and suitability in real-world applications. Through this review, we aim to provide readers with a clear understanding of the logic behind these noise-reducing QKD designs, facilitating a smoother start of research and engineering in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Building legitimacy in a coercive prison environment presents a significant challenge for prison workers. Drawing on data from a survey of 465 Slovenian prison workers collected in 2016 and 2022, this study aims to test the stability of prison workers' sense of self-legitimacy, as prior research strongly suggests that the nature of such legitimacy is fundamentally unstable. Multivariate analyses showed that relationships with prisoners and the internalisation of subcultural norms influenced the self-legitimacy of prison workers in both periods studied. Relationships with colleagues, satisfaction with pay, and with workplace conditions also influenced prison workers' self-legitimacy in 2016, and education and years of service proved salient in 2022. Results indicate that traditional 'core variables' (relationships with colleagues, supervisors' procedural justice, and audience legitimacy) used to explore legitimacy in criminal justice have limited influence on prison workers' self-legitimacy. Significant differences were also found in prison workers' perceptions of self-legitimacy, audience legitimacy, and prison staff subculture in different time periods. Overall, the findings reported here suggest that the self-legitimacy of prison workers is relatively unstable over time. The implications of these findings for both theory and practice are explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Should we still use the concept of political corporate social responsibility (PCSR) in management research? In response to recent and significant challenges in the management literature regarding the relevance of PCSR as a concept, we conduct a review of the literature in the field. We combine a bibliometric analysis and a qualitative content analysis to assess the use of the concept of PCSR between 2005 and 2022. We contribute to the PCSR literature in four ways: First, we map the field of PCSR in order to develop an objective understanding of the concept. Second, we demonstrate that PCSR exhibits the features of a concept, and that current research has begun to address some of the significant challenges that question its relevance. Third, we identify the four pillars at the base of the concept and uncover a fifth pillar: the dynamic perspective of PCSR. Last, we propose research directions to strengthen the PCSR concept and enrich its contributions to theory and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to explore and develop knowledge about implementing and applying a quality management system (QMS) in the public sector. Design/methodology/approach: A study was conducted including 16 qualitative in-depth interviews with 18 respondents, all working with QMSs in the Swedish public sector. Findings: The study identified five main themes that are problematic in relation to the implementation of the statutory QMS in the public sector. The identified themes show that there exists a gap between theory and practice regarding how the statutory QMS needs to be implemented and applied. Practical implications: Based on the analysis of the findings, the authors propose a model of core values and supporting elements for QMS in the public sector to bridge the gap between theory and practice. Originality/value: The study identified problems when implementing statutory QMSs in the public sector and presents a model of improvement. Further research is needed regarding statutory QMS in the public sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Modern Educational Technology is the property of Editorial Board of Modern Educational Technology, Tsinghua University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Framing is a powerful tool shaping innovation success, failure, and transformation. However, innovation framing is not recognized as a unified domain of research and the extant literature is theoretically fragmented across diverse fields. Inconsistencies in definition and operationalization of constructs stall theoretical advancement of innovation framing theory and practice. Importantly, an understanding of the underlying mechanisms enabling framing to mediate innovation outcomes has been missing. Using a systematic literature review (SLR), we integrate diverse theoretical perspectives. Stemming from this, we develop a unified conceptual framework of innovation framing. In so doing we make three vital contributions to the field. First, we develop a typology of construct categories of innovation framing, defining these framing concepts and identifying their theoretical basis. Next, we emphasize the importance of key mechanisms (sensemaking, interpretive flexibility, consensus) in explaining innovation outcomes. Our third contribution identifies innovation stage‐specific differences in the role of framing processes, frame types and characteristics, and the temporal elements of these. Finally, we discuss the implications of our research for innovation practitioners, while concluding with a detailed agenda for future innovation framing research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

“Disorganization” also referred to as “mess,” “deviation,” or “disorder” is a concept that is embedded in the view of organizations as complex human systems. The word denotes organizational phenomena that deviate from organizational schema and procedures in an unplanned and unstructured manner. This concept is yet to be given full attention by management scholars, despite its continuous appearance, partially under different labels, throughout the history of the discipline for over five decades. Currently, there is a need for contributions that synthesize these scattered conversations into a coherent narrative. In addressing this gap, this article integrates these various strands of literature on disorganization. Thus, we systematically gather, review, organize, and integrate the extant literature (n 5 192) on disorganization to map its evolution. Accordingly, we lay out a foundational body of literature that highlights the importance of enhancing our understanding of management through the integration of disorganization into our conversations about modern business. Accordingly, we present the theoretical infrastructure for the definition, analysis, and treatment of disorganization management. Through this review, we propose new conceptualizations while mapping out the development of the concept over time, followed by exploring the implications these developments present to both management theory and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to identify the configurations of micro-governance functions (aligning, mobilizing, integrating, organizing, arbitrating, monitoring) that foster an internal collaborative environment in collaborative networks. We collected data from 36 networks for water protection in Brazil and performed a qualitative comparative analysis (QCA). Results yield four configurations, three of which have been adopted by collaborative networks whose members have not collaborated before. The fourth configuration is specific to networks whose members have a previous history of collaboration. Our study contributes to theory and practice since the extant literature on micro-governance is purely theoretical, with no empirical studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyse the interrater reliability of the NEUMOBACT checklist and verify whether consistent results are reproducible. Methods: A validation study with a cross-sectional design, compliant with the GRRAS checklist, among ICU nurses attending a SIMULAZERO course with an Objective Structured Clinical Evaluation simulation format, to verify transfer from theory to clinical practice of knowledge and skills in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and catheter-related bacteraemia (CRB) prevention. A minimum sample size of 111 pairs of nurse raters was calculated. Interrater agreement was analysed using Gwet's AC1 for each item and as a total for each of the three checklists in the NEUMOBACT instrument. Results: A total of 95 pairs of valid NEUMOBACT checklists were completed by 190 raters with a median age of 29 [25–35] years, 93.7% were female. At the Central Venous Catheter insertion station, Gwet's AC1 was 0.934 (95% CI [0.919–0.949]). Only 2 of the 17 items scored below 0.9. At the Endotracheal Suctioning station, Gwet's AC1 was 0.869 (95% CI [0.851–0.886]). Of the 26 items that made up this station, 16 had an agreement percentage above 0.9, a further 9 were between 0.821 and 0.884, and item 13 had a value of 0.789. At the Patient Care station, Gwet's AC1 was 0.911 (95% CI [0.896–0.927]). Of the 21 items, 17 showed an agreement percentage above 0.9 and 4 were between 0.810 and 0.894. Conclusions: The interrater reliability of the NEUMOBACT checklist shows substantial agreement between pairs of raters and is therefore validated in this large sample of ICU nurses. Relevance to clinical practice: The NEUMOBACT checklist can be useful for assessing skills before and after training in VAP and CRB prevention measures and during debriefing (post-simulation feedback), to reinforce the scientific evidence behind actions and decisions for items that have been performed incorrectly, thus consolidating training already received. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethical practice is a vital component in neuroscience innovation, and that practice must reflect the interests of society. However, truly ethical and responsible innovation may require moving beyond current theory toward more creative and imaginative approaches. Here, we present neuroethics hackathons as a case study in bridging theory to practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Theory is essential to the professional knowledge base of social work, and the ability to understand, apply, and analyze theory in practice is central to professional capabilities and competence. This places social work education in the intersection of understanding, analyzing, and applying theoretical knowledge, a complex task which requires more than the transmission of information and extends to building skills in analysis, reflection, and critical thought. This article explores the implementation of life history mapping as a formative task to support undergraduate students connecting theory to practice in a second-year human development module as part of a qualifying training programme in the United Kingdom. Drawing upon the concepts of constructive alignment and Bloom's taxonomy of learning, an action research method was applied to review existing teaching and learning approaches alongside learning outcomes. The article is structured around the four phases of action research: planning, action, observation, and reflection. Findings indicate positive outcomes with students reporting how life-history mapping has supported their ability to critique theories and models of development through connection to their lived experience, alongside enhancing their personal growth, empathy, and practical assessment skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ten novel perrhenates of nitrogenous heterocycles have been generated throughout this investigation. The crystal structure of these compounds was thoroughly examined, and intermolecular non-covalent interactions were analysed using the Hirshfeld surface approach. Organic perrhenate cations interact primarily through intermolecular contacts of the H⋯H, O⋯H/H⋯O, and N⋯H/H⋯N types, whereas anions interact mostly via O⋯H/H⋯O interactions. Six of the eight structures with aromatic fragments had anion–π interactions, whereas four of the 11 structures had anion–anion interactions of the Re–O type. Previously unexplored subtypes of 2D networks composed of interacting tetrahedral perrhenate anions have been discovered in piperazinium and triazolium salts. Thermochemical analysis suggests that Re–O⋯Re anion–anion interactions provide additional stabilisation and impact phase transitions in perrhenates. The consistent patterns of organic salt perrhenate behaviour under MALDI-spectrometry settings have been identified. Characteristic multiplets for rhenium acid salts, which can be designated MALDI fingerprints, have been found. Potential formulae of oxorhenates corresponding to the listed multiplets have been specified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis paper presents 3D elasticity-based vibration models for ring-stiffened/supported cylindrical shells. Depending on the ring type, the structure is divided into four or five subdomains. After applying Hamilton’s principle to derive the governing equations, a two-directional generalized differential quadrature (2D-GDQ) approach is employed as the solution method. Additionally, experimental modal tests and FEM are conducted, demonstrating excellent agreement between theory and practice. It has also been shown that local resonances can be predicted accurately, alongside global ones. Several influential parameters affecting the vibration of shells equipped with ring stiffeners/supports, such as ring location, ring type, and boundary conditions, are examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates how efforts to reduce learning costs of means‐tested public benefit programs impact public support of these programs and perceived deservingness of program beneficiaries. Focusing on the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) in the United States, a well‐known means‐tested public benefit program, we integrate research from educational psychology with policy feedback theory, predicting that the structure of information about SNAP's application process and eligibility requirements affects learning costs and public attitudes toward this program and its beneficiaries. Testing these predictions through a preregistered dose–response survey experiment, participants are randomly assigned to control or one of three treatment groups, which incrementally alters the structure of SNAP information participants are exposed to. Our findings demonstrate that enhancing the SNAP information structure lowers learning costs and indirectly improves public support and perceived deservingness of beneficiaries. We discuss implications for theory and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Empathy has proven to be a fundamental component in the patient-doctor relationship and correlates to several positive outcomes in patient care. Despite this, research suggests that empathy decreases during medical education. To increase the understanding of empathy development during medical education, this study explores medical students' experiences of learning empathy in the transition from theoretical to practical context. Methods: Eleven semi-structured interviews with students at a medical school in Sweden. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using grounded theory. Results: The analysis resulted in three categories and a core category "Lost in translation". Early on, students regard empathy as a valued and necessary skill. While students generally encounter high expectations of being empathic, they also met gendered expectations. There is a mismatch between the theoretical and the practical teaching of empathy. The core category refers both to the students feeling lost in their own professional development and empathy becoming lost in the translation from theory to clinical practice. Conclusion: The results describe clashes between theory and clinical reality and the efforts of the students to develop and maintain empathy in this context. To encourage students to develop empathy it is necessary for both educators and practitioners to acknowledge, and attempt to bridge, the gap between the theoretical and the practical curriculum regarding empathy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intercultural language teaching and learning is one manifestation of the critical turn in language education. Its critical dimension is characterised by a strong emphasis on self-reflexivity in both teaching and learning, and by a transformational agenda for language education (Liddicoat & Scarino, 2013). Within language education, the critical project requires that the focus of language learning is to develop social actors capable of using language repertoires in ways that provide for agency both over language (in the choices they make about how to use their language resources) and through language (in the social possibilities they realise for themselves through their language repertoires). Within such a view of education, critical reflection comes to play an important role. To consider language education in such a way requires reconceptualising some of the fundamental starting assumptions of language education, which provides a basis for creating new emphases in both theory and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The perpetually changing discipline of conservation creates its own field of action within the bounds of certain theoretical anchor points. One of the most prevailing expressions of this quest for a universal common ground that reflects the spirit of its time, is undoubtedly the Venice Charter, which is celebrating its 60th anniversary this year. The passing of time has revealed its stabilizing and enduring influence, while also prompting numerous discussions about its adequacy, timeliness, and validity, as well as the expanding potentials that the change being encountered may present. This study, therefore, aims to analyze the theoretical and practical shifts in post-Venice Charter conservation perspective through reuse of Istanbul's industrial heritage. Focusing on a rather theoretically post-Venetian concept, and conjunctly, the prominent industrial complexes of the city, the study is carried out in two stages. The first stage exhibits the evolving perspective by meticulously examining the constituent dimensions of conservation theory in doctrinal documents. Subsequently, the on-the-field demeanour of the post-Venice Charter perspective is discussed through recent practices. By this means, the contemporary whereabouts of both theory and practice is explored comparatively to capture a greater context while also framing relatively more current concepts and approaches to conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a demonstrative method between theoretical and practical concept for understanding NMEA lines. This research arises from a teaching innovation project called "NMEA Protocol: from theory to practice in internal communications" whose objective is to analyze and give visibility to radio engineering students, in a practical, simple and real way, complex concepts present in internal communications on board. These allow the transmission; reception and processing of information shared by the radio and navigation teams of a wheelhouse. The challenge will be met using easily accessible electronic devices both for their low cost and for their availability on the market. The results indicate that it is possible to demonstrate to the student complex theoretical concepts explained in class, in part has aroused the interest of them to innovate and experiment on their own and in a particular way, making them partners of their own formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We conducted a between‐subjects experiment (N = 1626) to examine the effects of instructing information, an important theoretical keystone in crisis communication research, in predicting two key outcomes in the literature—protective behavioral intentions and message retransmission intentions. Given the communicative context, high‐impact weather warnings, we additionally considered the moderating role of linguistic features use in predicting these outcomes. Based upon theory and research in this area, we examined the mediating roles of self‐efficacy and perceived instructing information in predicting protective behavioral intentions and message retransmission intentions, respectively. Results mainly support our hypotheses. The instructing information conditions predicted the proposed intervening variable, which in turn predicted both outcomes. Linguistic features use moderated the direct effect of instructing information in predicting protective behavioral intentions, but not message retransmission intentions. The discussion focuses on the implications of these findings for crisis communication theory and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reviews seventy years of theoretical research and proposes systematic curiosity as an integrative tool for human flourishing with a focus on four key aspects: firstly, acknowledge curiosity's multidimensional nature instead of harmonizing its complex taxonomy; secondly, emphasizing intentional curiosity as opposed to impulsive curiosity; thirdly, prioritizing domain-general curiosity for broader applicability across educational, organizational, and therapeutic settings; and lastly, focusing on curiosity as a developable skill rather than an innate trait. By segmenting systematic curiosity into cognitive, emotional, and behavioral components, and relating these to interactions with the self, others, and the world, the framework aims to apply across the spectrum of human experience. Furthermore, the framework encourages an exploration of various evidence-based activities for flourishing so individuals can discover the most suitable strategies for their specific context. Implications for both theory and practice are examined, limitations are discussed, and avenues for future research are suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To describe practicum experiences as perceived by nurse leader preceptors of graduate students in a nursing administration practicum. BACKGROUND: Practicum experiences in graduate nursing administration programs provide students with exposure to the real-life experiences of nurse leaders, bridging the gap between academic knowledge gained and the application of that information to the workplace. The literature lacks best practices for graduate nursing administration practicum experiences. METHODS: Eight nurse leaders were interviewed using a semistructured format. Data were transcribed and subjected to selective thematic analysis. RESULTS: Five themes were identified: professional and personal growth, transition of education into practice, academic partner engagement and support, time, and contributions to the organization. CONCLUSION: Leadership practicum experiences provide a real-world perspective and are an essential part of growing future nurse leaders. This study yielded invaluable insight from nurse leader preceptors, recommendations for structuring graduate nursing administration practicums, and implications for sustaining resilient academic-practice partnerships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores Wolf's insistence in EPHW that he was practicing "Marxian" rather than Marxist anthropology. It presents the reasons for Wolf's distancing from "Marxism" and discusses to what extent these remain relevant today. It then moves to offer suggestions on working more explicitly toward the "contradictory unity of theory and practice" that characterizes any good scholarship drawing on Marx—including Wolf's. Finally, I discuss instances in my own work of trying to move within a Marxian/Marxist dialectic: the way I employed a Wolfian analysis to contribute insights of use to a broader politics of labor and formulate an immanent critique of existing Marxist practices. The article ends by presenting radical inspiration from one of my Marxist-Ambedkarite interlocutors in Kerala. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Approximately seven in twenty marriages end in divorce in the UK, causing anxiety, depression, and a lasting impact on children. British evangelicals may fare better than average but are not immune from divorce. Despite a rich body of theological literature offering perspectives on divorce contributed by British evangelical scholars, there have been no related empirical studies to examine the lived experience of divorced evangelicals or the pastoral practitioners who support them. My study captures this missing empirical data, finding that evangelical divorce is a life-changing trauma that church practices sometimes compound. In contrast, those who reported integrated, empathetic, and restorative practices in their church or on the Restored Lives course say they were better able to cope, heal, and find hope. Irrespective of the pastoral environment, God was reported to act with compassion. The study employed mixed qualitative methods to capture the empirical data, which were analyzed and brought into dialog with relevant evangelical academic theology and documented practice. I concluded that in the context of complex connections and disconnections between the evangelical domains of theory and practice, integrated, empathetic, and restorative approaches toward the divorced are possible, effective, and disclose a God of grace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research-to-practice gap describes the well-documented phenomena of researchers and practitioners working in silos, embedded in vastly different contexts. This "cultural divide" has several causes, including ineffective collaboration, inadequate understanding of context, and insufficient dissemination and translation of research. Evaluation theory and practice have been largely absent from discussions about solving the research-to-practice gap, despite remarkable alignment between these efforts and the core principles and goals of evaluation. In this article, we describe why the research-to-practice gap exists, current models and frameworks to address the gap, and how evaluation aligns with, and extends, efforts to create a bi-directional bridge between research and practice. This article is a call-to-action for professional evaluators who are poised to narrow this gap given that they work at the intersection of research and practice. Through authentic collaboration, researchers, practitioners, and evaluators can leverage our collective strength to address the pressing challenges faced by our communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this book review, I explore Sally Swartz's contribution to the Routledge Introductions to Contemporary Psychoanalysis series on the topic of psychoanalysis and colonialism. I outline my original interest in this topic and how encountering Swartz's book has been both an enlightening and surprising experience regarding the latent biases within psychoanalytic theory and practice. I review some of the main themes and strengths of the book while also outlining a gap that could have been addressed with a more lengthy engagement with this topic. Fundamentally, Swartz's book is both a historical enquiry into the background of psychoanalysis and a call to action within the contemporary perimeters of psychoanalytic practice. In this important contribution to balancing the hierarchies of inequality and unilateral expression within psychoanalytic spaces, I argue that Swartz's book is critically important reading but also must be set within the context of the broader Lacanian scholarly field of psychoanalysis and colonialism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over our field's 100‐year‐plus history, standardization has been a central assumption in test theory and practice. The concept's justification turns on leveling the playing field by presenting all examinees with putatively equivalent experiences. Until relatively recently, our field has accepted that justification almost without question. In this article, I present a case for standardization's antithesis, personalization. Interestingly, personalized assessment has important precedents within the measurement community. As intriguing are some of the divergent ways in which personalization might be realized in practice. Those ways, however, suggest a host of serious issues. Despite those issues, both moral obligation and survival imperative counsel persistence in trying to personalize assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This chapter argues for the centrality of spirituality in lifelong and adult learning theory and practice. As embedded in human experience, the spirituality of learning, including exploring awe and wonder, is vital. We introduce the processes and outcomes of lifelong spiritual formation, profound learning, and human flourishing as underpinnings for a theoretical, spirituality‐based framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the unprecedented intensification of technological innovation, innovative elements are constantly gathering, and several innovation hubs are emerging. The spatial pattern of China's regional innovation hubs has become an essential topic in theory and practice. Based on the data from high-tech enterprises, this paper attempts to identify the spatial pattern of China's existing regional innovation hubs by comprehensively using the DO index and natural break point method. The findings show that: (1) The spatial pattern of comprehensive innovation hubs and service innovation hubs is highly overlapping, forming a "three-legged tripod" spatial pattern in the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei city clusters. (2) The manufacturing innovation hubs have formed a "two-pole" pattern dominated by the Yangtze River Delta city clusters and the Pearl River Delta city clusters. (3) The innovative elements in the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta exhibit a high-high agglomeration feature, while other areas still mainly exhibit a high-low agglomeration, and the overall national innovation level still needs to be improved. (4) Considering all three types of innovation hubs, the network of innovation hubs composed of provincial central cities has taken shape, and the three major city clusters are the core nodes of the innovation highland network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study explored the knowledge and confidence levels of nursing academics in teaching both the theories and practical skills of digital health in undergraduate nursing programs. Design: A cross‐sectional study. Methods: A structured online survey was distributed among nursing academics across Australian universities. The survey included two sections: (1) the participants' demographics and their nursing and digital health teaching experience; (2) likert scales asking the participants to rate their knowledge and confidence to teach the theories and practical skills of four main themes; digital health technologies, information exchange, quality and digital professionalism. Results: One hundred and nineteen nursing academics completed part one, and 97 individuals completed part two of the survey. Only 6% (n = 5) of the participants reported having formal training in digital health. Digital health was mainly taught as a module (n = 57, 45.9%), and assessments of theory or practical application of digital health in the nursing curriculum were uncommon, with 79 (69.9%) responding that there was no digital health assessment in their entry to practice nursing programs. Among the four core digital health themes, the participants rated high on knowledge of digital professionalism (22.4% significant knowledge vs. 5.9% no knowledge) but low on information exchange (30% significant knowledge vs. 28.3% no knowledge). Statistically significant (p <.001) associations were found between different themes of digital health knowledge and the level of confidence in teaching its application. Nursing academics with more than 15 years of teaching experience had a significantly higher level of knowledge and confidence in teaching digital health content compared with those with fewer years of teaching experience. Conclusion: There is a significant gap in nursing academics' knowledge and confidence to teach digital health theory and its application in nursing. Nursing academics need to upskill in digital health to prepare the future workforce to be capable in digitally enabled health care settings. Implications for the Profession: Nursing academics have a limited level of digital knowledge and confidence in preparing future nurses to work in increasingly technology‐driven health care environments. Addressing this competency gap and providing sufficient support for nursing academics in this regard is essential. Impact: What problem did the study address? Level of knowledge and confidence among nursing academics to teach digital health in nursing practice.What were the main findings? There is a significant gap in nursing academics' knowledge and confidence to teach digital health theory and its application in nursing.Where and on whom will the research have an impact? Professional nursing education globally. Reporting Method: The STROBE guideline was used to guide the reporting of the study. Patient or Public Contribution: The call for participation from nursing academics across Australia provided an introductory statement about the project, its aim and scope, and the contact information of the principal researcher. A participant information sheet was shared with the call providing a detailed explanation of participation. Nursing academics across Australia participated in the survey through the link embedded in the participation invite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are many ways proposed to achieve better societal outcomes (e.g., in health, education, and well-being) including: (1) bridging research and practice, (2) building the motivation and capacity of service delivery organizations (e.g., schools, hospitals, clinics, and community-based organizations) to innovate, and (c) providing service delivery systems with high-quality support via training and technical assistance. The Interactive Systems Framework for Dissemination and Implementation (ISF) was developed to describe how relevant systems, organizations, and processes can interact and work toward these goals. Stimulated by the 13 articles contained in the two special issues of Strengthening the Science and Practice of Implementation Support: Evaluating the Effectiveness of Training and Technical Assistance Centers, we describe several enhancements to the ISF including: how service delivery systems can operate better, how motivation and capacity can be built, and how training and technical assistance centers can provide more evidence-informed technical assistance and other promising innovations. ISF 2.0 incorporates these and other enhancements with the goal of achieving better outcomes. We conclude that the actions and accountability of funders and of organizations and systems to funders would accelerate progress in the systems to achieve outcomes—and result in improving the science and practice of implementation support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the relevance of post-criticality as a research stance across various traditions in educational research. After problematizing the dominance of critical approaches centred on deconstruction and denunciation, the authors advocate instead for an empirical philosophy of education. This article sets the stage for a suite of articles, published in this issue, which explore affirmative, engaged methodologies that prioritize proximity to educational practices over detached critique. Collectively, the articles investigate how post-critical methodologies can produce richer understandings of educational realities and foster meaningful connections between theory and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

United Nations peacekeeping operations (UNPKO) have been deployed in conflict-affected countries for decades. While we thoroughly understand what UNPKOs are mandated to do, there is little research on what activities peacekeepers actually do upon deployment in their host countries and in which sequence, if any. To address this gap, we formulate descriptive hypotheses about the number of implemented peacekeeping activities, the expansion toward new activity categories, and the sequencing of implemented activities. We use the novel Extended Peacekeeping Activity Dataset to evaluate our theoretical expectations for all UNPKOs deployed after the end of the Cold War until 2017. Our findings show that UNPKOs implement more activities over time. Yet, the expansion of UNPKOs' activities into new activity categories by generation (second, third, and stabilization) is not as clear-cut in practice as expected. Instead, there is a notable expansion of activities within activity categories—especially during third-generation UNPKOs. Finally, we find a security-first sequencing for second- and third-generation UNPKOs, while stabilization UNPKOs implement a high share of security activities long after initial deployment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rewilding, although controversial, is increasingly presented as humanity's best hope of addressing the global biodiversity crisis, but it remains unclear how restoring nonhuman autonomy affects people's relationships with nature. We conceptualized 3 human–nature relationships (HNRs) that could occur when restoring nonhuman autonomy: human–nature dichotomy, human–nature compromise, and human–nature mutualism. Through 51 interviews, we then empirically tested the occurrence of these HNRs across diverse actors living and working in 2 longstanding British rewilding initiatives to better understand the place for people in rewilding. Actors' HNRs aligned with the 3 conceptual framings, but these relationships were complex. Individuals often demonstrated multiple perspectives that transcended conventional actor categorization. The tripartite framing also revealed conflicting values across and within individuals, resulting in pluralistic HNRs. Our work adds to the theory and practice surrounding the place for people in rewilding by cautioning against a single preferred HNR when restoring nonhuman autonomy and advocating that a diversity of human interactions with nature should be integrated into the global rewilding movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The heavy stamp that financial supervision law has come to put on the regulation of the financial sector has made the relationship between public and private law in this domain increasingly complex. The most pressing question in theory and practice in this respect is to what extent financial supervision law has a knock-on effect in civil law. This contribution discusses the effects of financial supervision law on civil liability law and distinguishes three types of knock-on effect: (i) financial supervision law itself contains rules of civil liability law; (ii) the knock-on effect of financial supervision law through national civil liability law; (iii) EU financial supervision law, whether or not, in combination with the EU effectiveness principle and the EU principle of legal certainty, imposes certain preconditions on national civil liability law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]