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2. Grad's Distribution Function for 13 Moments based Moment Gas Kinetic Solver for Steady and Unsteady Rarefied flows: Discrete and Explicit Forms

Author

Liu, W., Liu, Z. J., Zhang, Z. L., Teo, C. J., and Shu, C.

Subjects
Physics - Fluid Dynamics, Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract

Efficient modeling of rarefied flow has drawn widespread interest for practical engineering applications. In the present work, we proposed the Grad's distribution function for 13 moments-based moment gas kinetic solver (G13-MGKS) and the macroscopic governing equations are derived based on the moment integral of discrete Boltzmann equation in the finite volume framework. Numerical fluxes at the cell interface related to the macroscopic variables, stress and heat flux can be reconstructed from the Boltzmann integration equation at surrounding points of the cell interface directly, so the complicated partial differential equations with tedious implementation of boundary conditions in the moment method can be avoided. Meanwhile, the explicit expression of numerical fluxes is proposed, which could release the present solver the from the discretization and numerical summation in molecular velocity space. To evaluate the Grad's distribution function for 13 moments in the present framework, the G13-MGKS with the discrete and explicit form of numerical fluxes are examined by several test cases covering the steady and unsteady rarefied flows. Numerical results indicate that the G13-MGKS could simulate continuum flows accurately and present reasonable prediction for rarefied flows at moderate Knudsen number. Moreover, the tests of computations and memory costs demonstrate that the present framework could preserve the highly efficient feature.

Published
2022

3. Recycling Excavated Clay to Produce ‘Sand-Like’ Material Through Sintering: Static Furnace Versus Rotary Kiln

Author

Subramanian, S., Koh, J. W., Soh, J. M., Chew, S. H., Chua, K. E., Tan, Y. C., Teo, C. S., Koh, M. Y. C., Cheung, T. H. H., di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, Yukselen-Aksoy, Yeliz, editor, Reddy, Krishna R., editor, and Agnihotri, Arvind Kumar, editor

Published
2023
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6. Experimental 3D Coherent Diffractive Imaging from photon-sparse random projections

Author

Giewekemeyer, K., Aquila, A., Loh, N. D., Chushkin, Y., Shanks, K. S., Weiss, J., Tate, M. W., Philipp, H. T., Stern, S., Vagovic, P., Mehrjoo, M., Teo, C., Barthelmess, M., Zontone, F., Chang, C., Tiberio, R. C., Sakdinawat, A., Williams, G. J., Gruner, S. M., and Mancuso, A. P.

Subjects
Physics - Applied Physics, Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics - Optics
Abstract

The routine atomic-resolution structure determination of single particles is expected to have profound implications for probing the structure-function relationship in systems ranging from energy materials to biological molecules. Extremely-bright, ultrashort-pulse X-ray sources---X-ray Free Electron Lasers (XFELs)---provide X-rays that can be used to probe ensembles of nearly identical nano-scale particles. When combined with coherent diffractive imaging, these objects can be imaged; however, as the resolution of the images approaches the atomic scale, the measured data are increasingly difficult to obtain and, during an X-ray pulse, the number of photons incident on the two-dimensional detector is much smaller than the number of pixels. This latter concern, the signal "sparsity," materially impedes the application of the method. We demonstrate an experimental analog using a synchrotron X-ray source that yields signal levels comparable to those expected from single biomolecules illuminated by focused XFEL pulses. The analog experiment provides an invaluable cross-check on the fidelity of the reconstructed data that is not available during XFEL experiments. We establish---using this experimental data---that a sparsity of order $1.3\times10^{-3}$ photons per pixel per frame can be overcome, lending vital insight to the solution of the atomic-resolution XFEL single particle imaging problem by experimentally demonstrating 3D coherent diffractive imaging from photon-sparse random projections., Comment: 17 pages, 12 figures

Published
2018

7. Ultrasensitive Inertial and Force Sensors with Diamagnetically Levitated Magnets

Author

Prat-Camps, J., Teo, C., Rusconi, C. C., Wieczorek, W., and Romero-Isart, O.

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

We theoretically show that a magnet can be stably levitated on top of a punctured superconductor sheet in the Meissner state without applying any external field. The trapping potential created by such induced-only superconducting currents is characterized for magnetic spheres ranging from tens of nanometers to tens of millimeters. Such a diamagnetically levitated magnet is predicted to be extremely well isolated from the environment. We therefore propose to use it as an ultrasensitive force and inertial sensor. A magnetomechanical read-out of its displacement can be performed by using superconducting quantum interference devices. An analysis using current technology shows that force and acceleration sensitivities on the order of $10^{-23}\text{N}/\sqrt{\text{Hz}}$ (for a 100 nm magnet) and $10^{-14}g/\sqrt{\text{Hz}}$ (for a 10 mm magnet) might be within reach in a cryogenic environment. Such unprecedented sensitivities can be used for a variety of purposes, from designing ultra-sensitive inertial sensors for technological applications (i.e. gravimetry, avionics, and space industry), to scientific investigations on measuring Casimir forces of magnetic origin and gravitational physics., Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, article + supplemental material

Published
2017
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20. Contamination of the central medical air supply with water leading to mass ventilator failure.

Author

Chia, J. J. X., Goh, M. H., Goh, M. M., Teo, C. W. S., Tan, K. H., Sewa, D. W., and Ng, H. F.

Subjects
MEDICAL equipment reliability, ANESTHESIA equipment, INTENSIVE care units, OPERATING rooms, GASES, MECHANICAL ventilators, MEDICAL equipment contamination, WATER, EMERGENCY management, ROOT cause analysis
Abstract

Summary: Here, we present a case of mass ventilator failure due to contaminated medical air. Multiple ventilators failed routine tests, including almost all of the ventilators in our intensive care unit. A faulty air compressor had led to water contamination of our centre's supply of medical air. Water entered the pipeline supply of air and, hence the ventilators and anaesthetic machines. The disruption of the machines' proportional mixer valve resulted in unreliable delivery of fresh gas flow. This malfunction was discovered during routine pre‐use checks, and backup ventilators were available to replace the faulty ventilators. A shortage of equipment was averted due to a serendipitous availability of ventilator stockpiles prepared for the COVID‐19 pandemic. Ventilator shortages are commonly described in mass casualty and pandemic scenarios. While there are multiple strategies described in literature to augment and maximise equipment available for mechanical ventilation, stockpiling equipment remains an expensive but necessary component of disaster contingency planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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28. A Phase 2 Randomised Clinical Trial Assessing the Tolerability of Two Different Ratios of Medicinal Cannabis in Patients With High Grade Gliomas

Author

Schloss, J, Lacey, J, Sinclair, J, Steel, A, Sughrue, M, Sibbritt, D, Teo, C, Schloss, J, Lacey, J, Sinclair, J, Steel, A, Sughrue, M, Sibbritt, D, and Teo, C

Abstract

Background

Cannabis for cancer is very topical and, given the use of illicit cannabis preparations used in this vulnerable population, research investigating standardised, quality-assured medicinal cannabis is critical to inform clinicians and assist patient safety.

Methods

A randomized trial involving adult patients diagnosed with a high-grade glioma, no history of substance abuse, liver or kidney damage or myocardial infarction were eligible for inclusion in a tolerability study on two different ratios of medicinal cannabis. Baseline screening of brain morphology, blood pathology, functional status, and cognition was conducted. A retrospective control group was used for comparison for secondary outcomes.

Results

Participants (n=88) were on average 53.3 years old. A paired t-test assessed the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy for Brain Cancer (FACT-Br) between groups from baseline to week 12 found that the 1:1 ratio favoured both physical (p=0.025) and functional (p=0.014) capacity and improved sleep (p=0.009). Analysis of changes from baseline to week 12 also found 11% of 61 participants had a reduction in disease, 34% were stable, 16% had slight enhancement, and 10% had progressive disease. No serious adverse events occurred. Side effects included dry mouth, tiredness at night, dizziness, drowsiness.

Conclusion

This study demonstrated that a single nightly dose of THC-containing medicinal cannabis was safe, had no serious adverse effects and was well tolerated in patients. Medicinal cannabis significantly improved sleep, functional wellbeing, and quality of life.

Clinical trial registration

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) http://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=373556&isReview=true, identifier ACTRN12617001287325.

Published
2021

30. The Singapore Myeloma Study Group Consensus Guidelines for the management of patients with multiple myeloma

Author

Yunxin Chen, Allison Ching Yee Tso, Teo Ml, Tan D, Teo C, Lee Lk, Gopalakrishnan Sk, Nagarajan C, Melissa Ooi, Wee Joo Chng, Y T Goh, and de Mel S

Subjects
Male, Risk, Oncology, Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex, medicine.medical_specialty, Transplantation Conditioning, Evidence-based practice, Review Article, Medical Oncology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Quality of life, Internal medicine, Biomarkers, Tumor, medicine, Humans, Staging system, Societies, Medical, Multiple myeloma, Aged, Singapore, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Antibodies, Monoclonal, General Medicine, Guideline, Middle Aged, Plasma cell neoplasm, medicine.disease, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Risk stratification, Quality of Life, Female, Multiple Myeloma, business, Stem Cell Transplantation, 030215 immunology
Abstract

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable plasma cell neoplasm with an incidence of 100 patients per year in Singapore. Major advances have been made in the diagnosis, risk stratification and treatment of MM in the recent past. The reclassification of a subset of patients with smouldering MM, based on high-risk biomarkers, and the development of the revised international staging system are among the key new developments in diagnosis and staging. The use of novel agent-based treatment has resulted in significant improvements in the survival and quality of life of many patients with MM. Determining the optimal use of proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulators and, more recently, monoclonal antibodies is an area of ongoing investigation. In this guideline, we aim to provide an overview of the management of MM, incorporating the latest developments in diagnosis and treatment.

Published
2017
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31. Shorebirds wintering in Southeast Asia demonstrate trans-Himalayan flights

Author

Li, D, Davison, G, Lisovski, Simeon, Battley, PF, Ma, Z, Yang, S, How, CB, Watkins, D, Round, P, Yee, A, Srinivasan, V, Teo, C, Teo, R, Loo, A, Leong, CC, Er, K, Li, D, Davison, G, Lisovski, Simeon, Battley, PF, Ma, Z, Yang, S, How, CB, Watkins, D, Round, P, Yee, A, Srinivasan, V, Teo, C, Teo, R, Loo, A, Leong, CC, and Er, K

Abstract

Many birds wintering in the Indian subcontinent fly across the Himalayas during migration, including Bar-headed Geese (Anser indicus), Demoiselle Cranes (Anthropoides virgo) and Ruddy Shelducks (Tadorna ferruginea). However, little is known about whether shorebirds migrate across the Himalayas from wintering grounds beyond the Indian subcontinent. Using geolocators and satellite tracking devices, we demonstrate for the first time that Common Redshanks (Tringa totanus) and Whimbrels (Numenius phaeopus) wintering in Singapore can directly fly over the Himalayas to reach breeding grounds in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and north-central Russia respectively. The results also show that migratory shorebirds wintering in Southeast Asia can use both the Central Asian Flyway and the East Asian-Australasian Flyway. For Redshanks, westerly-breeding birds crossed the Himalayas while more easterly breeders on the Plateau migrated east of the Himalayas. For Whimbrels, an individual that crossed the Himalayas was probably from a breeding population that was different from the others that migrated along the coast up the East Asian-Australasian Flyway. The minimum required altitude of routes of trans-Himalayan Redshanks were no higher on average than those of eastern migrants, but geolocator temperature data indicate that birds departing Singapore flew at high elevations even when not required to by topography, suggesting that the Himalayan mountain range may be less of a barrier than assumed.

Published
2020

32. In Memoriam: A Memoir for Our Fallen 'Heroes'

Author

Chaurasia, B, Deora, H, El-Ghandour, NMF, Oyesiku, NM, Chaurasia, RK, Schulder, M, Soriano Sanchez, JA, Teo, M, Hernesniemi, J, Linzey, JR, Schwartz, TH, Cohen-Gadol, AA, Lawton, M, Umana, G, Mura, J, Grotenhuis, A, Sinha, AK, Schroeder, HWS, Natarajan, S, Sughrue, ME, Spetzler, RF, Drummond, K, Tanikawa, R, do Seixo Kadri, PA, Kato, Y, Teo, C, Suri, A, Tomasi, SO, Winkler, PA, Scalia, G, Sampron, N, Rasulic, L, Cappabianca, P, Fontanella, MM, Laws, ER, Chaurasia, B, Deora, H, El-Ghandour, NMF, Oyesiku, NM, Chaurasia, RK, Schulder, M, Soriano Sanchez, JA, Teo, M, Hernesniemi, J, Linzey, JR, Schwartz, TH, Cohen-Gadol, AA, Lawton, M, Umana, G, Mura, J, Grotenhuis, A, Sinha, AK, Schroeder, HWS, Natarajan, S, Sughrue, ME, Spetzler, RF, Drummond, K, Tanikawa, R, do Seixo Kadri, PA, Kato, Y, Teo, C, Suri, A, Tomasi, SO, Winkler, PA, Scalia, G, Sampron, N, Rasulic, L, Cappabianca, P, Fontanella, MM, and Laws, ER

Abstract

Even though neurosurgeons exercise these enormous and versatile skills, the COVID-19 pandemic has shaken the fabrics of the global neurosurgical family, jeopardizing human lives, and forcing the entire world to be locked down. We stand on the shoulders of the giants and will not forget their examples and their teachings. We will work to the best of our ability to honor their memory. Professor Harvey Cushing said: "When to take great risks; when to withdraw in the face of unexpected difficulties; whether to force an attempted enucleation of a pathologically favorable tumor to its completion with the prospect of an operative fatality, or to abandon the procedure short of completeness with the certainty that after months or years even greater risks may have to be faced at a subsequent session-all these require surgical judgment which is a matter of long experience." It is up to us, therefore, to keep on the noble path that we have decided to undertake, to accumulate the surgical experience that these icons have shown us, the fruit of sacrifice and obstinacy. Our tribute goes to them; we will always remember their excellent work and their brilliant careers that will continue to enlighten all of us.

Published
2020

34. Experimental 3D coherent diffractive imaging from photon-sparse random projections

Author

Giewekemeyer, K., primary, Aquila, A., additional, Loh, N.-T. D., additional, Chushkin, Y., additional, Shanks, K. S., additional, Weiss, J.T., additional, Tate, M. W., additional, Philipp, H. T., additional, Stern, S., additional, Vagovic, P., additional, Mehrjoo, M., additional, Teo, C., additional, Barthelmess, M., additional, Zontone, F., additional, Chang, C., additional, Tiberio, R. C., additional, Sakdinawat, A., additional, Williams, G. J., additional, Gruner, S. M., additional, and Mancuso, A. P., additional

Published
2019
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43. Barriers to implementing a national health screening program for men in Malaysia: An online survey of healthcare providers.

Author

Ng C. J., Teo C. H., Ang K. M., Kok Y. L., Ashraf K., Leong H. L., Taher S. W., Mohd Said Z., Zakaria Z. F., Wong P. F., Hor C. P., Ong T. A., Hussain H., Paranthaman, V., Ng C. W., Agamutu K., and Abd Razak M. A.

Subjects
*MEDICAL personnel, *PHYSICIANS' assistants, *HEALTH programs, *INTERNET surveys, *PATIENT-centered medical homes, *NURSES' aides
Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to determine the views and practices of healthcare providers and barriers they encountered when implementing the national health screening program for men in a public primary care setting in Malaysia. Methods: An online survey was conducted among healthcare providers across public health clinics in Malaysia. All family medicine specialists, medical officers, nurses and assistant medical officers involved in the screening program for adult men were invited to answer a 51-item questionnaire via email or WhatsApp. The questionnaire comprised five sections: participants' socio-demographic information, current screening practices, barriers and facilitators to using the screening tool, and views on the content and format of the screening tool. Results: A total of 231 healthcare providers from 129 health clinics participated in this survey. Among them, 37.44% perceived the implementation of the screening program as a "top-down decision." Although 37.44% found the screening tool for adult men "useful," some felt that it was "time consuming" to fill out (38.2%) and "lengthy" (28.3%). In addition, 'adult men refuse to answer' (24.1%) was cited as the most common patient-related barrier. Conclusions: This study provided useful insights into the challenges encountered by the public healthcare providers when implementing a national screening program for men. The screening tool for adult men should be revised to make it more user-friendly. Further studies should explore the reasons why men were reluctant to participate in health screenings, thus enhancing the implementation of screening programs in primary care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020

44. Multilobar Insular-Involving Gliomas: Results with Hyperaggressive Resection.

Author

Sughrue, M, Bonney, PA, Burks, JD, Othman, J, Baker, C, Glenn, CA, Teo, C, Sughrue, M, Bonney, PA, Burks, JD, Othman, J, Baker, C, Glenn, CA, and Teo, C

Abstract

Objective Hyperaggressive resection refers to a philosophy that maximal resection should be pursued in gliomas, wherever possible. In this study, we provide a detailed report of the outcomes with hyperaggressive surgery for multilobar insular-involving gliomas (MIGs). Methods We report outcomes in patients with MIGs undergoing surgery aiming at gross total resection in all cases. Risk factors for neurologic deficits and survival were modeled using logistic and Cox regression. Results There were 72 consecutive patients, of whom 53 (74%) had undergone previous surgery. A greater than 90% resection was obtained in 67 patients (93%). Nineteen of 23 patients (83%) with Grade 2 tumors survived to the end of the follow-up period. Patients with Grade 3 tumors experienced 75% two-year survival rates and 48% four-year survival rates. Patients with Grade 4 tumors experienced 55% one-year survival rates and 33% two-year survival rates; eight of 33 patients (24%) lived longer than three years and three of 33 patients were alive at five years. Fifty-eight of 68 patients (85%) surviving to the three-month follow-up had a Karnofsky performance status (KPS) of 70 or greater, and 31 of 72 patients (43%) experienced improvement in KPS postoperatively. Permanent weakness occurred in 12 patients (17%), and permanent speech problems in three patients (13% of left-sided tumors). Conclusion Hyperaggressive surgical resection of MIGs yields rates of neurologic deficits within acceptable ranges and are lower than expected. In many cases, patients exceed the long-term survival expectations of conventional treatment.

Published
2017

46. Gaining insights into dwelling characteristics using machine learning for policy making on nearly zero-energy buildings with the use of smart meter and weather data

Author

Teo Čurčić, Rajeev R. Kalloe, Merel A. Kreszner, Olivier van Luijk, Santiago Puertas Puchol, Emilio Caba Batuecas, and Tadeo B. Salcedo Rahola

Subjects
smart meter, net-zero energy building, supervised machine learning, classification, lstm, Technology, Economic growth, development, planning, HD72-88
Abstract

Machine learning models have proven to be reliable methods in classification tasks. However, little research has been conducted on the classification of dwelling characteristics based on smart meter and weather data before. Gaining insights into dwelling characteristics, which comprise of the type of heating system used, the number of inhabitants, and the number of solar panels installed, can be helpful in creating or improving the policies to create new dwellings at nearly zero-energy standard. This paper compares different supervised machine learning algorithms, namely Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine, K-Nearest Neighbor, and Long-short term memory, and methods used to correctly implement these algorithms. These methods include data pre-processing, model validation, and evaluation. Smart meter data, which was used to train several machine learning algorithms, was provided by Groene Mient. The models that were generated by the algorithms were compared on their performance. The results showed that the Long-short term memory performed the best with 96% accuracy. Cross Validation was used to validate the models, where 80% of the data was used for training purposes and 20% was used for testing purposes. Evaluation metrics were used to produce classification reports, which indicates that the Long-short term memory outperforms the compared models on the evaluation metrics for this specific problem.

Published
2022
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