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5. Mobilizing sorghum genetic diversity: Biochemical and histological‐assisted design of a stem ideotype for biomethane production

Author

Thomas, Hélène Laurence, primary, Pot, David, additional, Jaffuel, Sylvie, additional, Verdeil, Jean‐Luc, additional, Baptiste, Christelle, additional, Bonnal, Laurent, additional, Trouche, Gilles, additional, Bastianelli, Denis, additional, Latrille, Eric, additional, Berger, Angélique, additional, Calatayud, Caroline, additional, Chauvergne, Céline, additional, Rossard, Virginie, additional, Jeanson, Patrice, additional, Alcouffe, Joël, additional, and Carrère, Hélène, additional

Published
2021
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6. Mobilizing sorghum genetic diversity: Biochemical and histological-assisted design of a stem ideotype for biomethane production

Author

Thomas, Hélène Laurence, Pot, David, Jaffuel, Sylvie, Verdeil, Jean-Luc, Baptiste, Christelle, Bonnal, Laurent, Trouche, Gilles, Bastianelli, Denis, Latrille, Eric, Berger, Angélique, Calatayud, Caroline, Chauvergne, Céline, Rossard, Virginie, Jeanson, Patrice, Alcouffe, Joël, Carrere, Hélène, Thomas, Hélène Laurence, Pot, David, Jaffuel, Sylvie, Verdeil, Jean-Luc, Baptiste, Christelle, Bonnal, Laurent, Trouche, Gilles, Bastianelli, Denis, Latrille, Eric, Berger, Angélique, Calatayud, Caroline, Chauvergne, Céline, Rossard, Virginie, Jeanson, Patrice, Alcouffe, Joël, and Carrere, Hélène

Abstract

Sorghum currently contributes to the species portfolio that is supporting bioenergy production including anaerobic digestion. Although agro-morphological ideotypes maximizing biogas production have been recently proposed, there is a crucial need to refine our understanding of the impacts of the stem composition and structure on this processing trait in order to ensure genetic gains in the mid to long terms. This study aims to assess the potential of Sorghum bicolor ssp bicolor stem genetic diversity to maximize genetic gains for biogas production and define a biogas stem ideotype. In this context, a panel of 57 genotypes, encompassing most of the stem composition variability available in cultivated sorghum, was characterized over five sites. Simultaneous histological and biochemical characterizations were performed. A high broad sense heritability associated with a moderate genetic variability was detected for stem biogas potential ensuring significant genetic gains in the future. In addition, the development of a stem histological phenotyping pipeline made it possible to describe the genetic diversity available for the internode anatomy and the repartition of key cell wall components. Consistently with previous studies, moderate to high heritability was observed for stem biochemical components. Genetic correlation, hierarchical clustering, and multiple stepwise regression analyses identified soluble sugar content as the first main driver of biogas potential genetic variability. Nevertheless, breeding programs should anticipate that biogas yield improvement will also rely on the monitoring of the cell wall components and their distribution in the stem jointly with the soluble sugar content. According to the assets of sorghum in terms of adaptation to environmental stresses and the present results regarding the identification of stem ideotypes suitable for different value chains, this species will surely play a key role to optimize the economic and environmental sust

Published
2021

7. From the territories to the genes: Developing sustainable multi-purpose sorghum value chains

Author

Pot, David, Rossini, Laura, Luquet, Delphine, Le Moigne, Nicolas, Gazull, Laurent, Trouche, Gilles, Vilmus, Ingrid, Roques, Sandrine, Berger, Angélique, Ricciuti, Emeline, Desaint, Henri, Clément, Anne, Soutiras, Armelle, Jaffuel, Sylvie, Verdeil, Jean-Luc, Vaksmann, Michel, Rami, Jean-François, Gatineau, Frédéric, Dufayard, Jean François, De Bellis, Fabien, Trabanco, Noemi, Soccalingame, Lata, Corn, Stephane, Carrere, Hélène, Thomas, Hélène Laurence, Bastianelli, Denis, Bonnal, Laurent, Jeanson, P., Devaud, Quentin, Alcouffe, Joël, Fabre, Françoise, Navard, Patrick, Vo, Loan T.T., Chupin, Lucie, Thera, Korothimi, Teme, Niaba, Kouressy, Mamoutou, Sartre, Pascal, Courty, Pierre-Emmanuel, Reymond, Matthieu, and Höfte, Herman

Abstract

To face global warming and fossil fuel depletion crisis, plant biomass will provide a renewable source of energy, materials and chemicals. Accordingly, agriculture will have to adapt not only to avoid competition between food-feed and non-food non-feed uses but also to ensure the economical and environmental sustainability of these productions. In this context, we are developing an integrative strategy merging genetics, breeding, material sciences, energy production, animal nutrition and socio economic analyses to accelerate the development of multipurpose sorghum value chains for both Mediterranean and tropical semi-arid conditions (West Africa). As a first step, new products (biocomposites) and uses (biomethane production) are being developed. Then the plant traits impacting the production and quality of the different end-products and uses are being identified taking advantage of the genetic diversity of sorghum. As a third step, the set-up of these key traits in the plant is being analyzed in order to describe their patterns of development / accumulation, their susceptibility to environmental constraints and provide some insights regarding their molecular determinism. Taking advantage of these functional information, the genomic regions impacting the key traits are being deciphered and used to develop new breeding tools and breeding strategies. In parallel, to maximize the probability to convert scientific results in local impacts, the different stakeholders of the value chains are being mobilized and territorial analyses aiming to assess the relevance of the different value chains are performed.

Published
2017

10. Lime Pretreatment of Miscanthus: Impact on BMP and Batch Dry Co-Digestion with Cattle Manure.

Author

Thomas, Hélène Laurence, Seira, Jordan, Escudié, Renaud, and Carrère, Hélène

Abstract

In Europe, the agricultural biogas sector is currently undergoing fast developments, and cattle manure constitutes an important feedstock. Batch dry digester processes with leachate recirculation prove to be particularly interesting for small-scale plants. However, their startup being relatively slow, the process could be facilitated by co-digestion with energy crops. In this study, Miscanthus x giganteus was chosen for its high biomass yields and low input requirements. The carbohydrate accessibility of this lignocellulosic biomass is limited but may be improved with alkali pretreatment. The efficiency of lime (CaO) pretreatment with low water addition on the biochemical methane potential (BMP) of miscanthus was investigated through two experimental designs (CaO concentrations ranged between 2.5 and 17.5% and pretreatment lasted 1, 3, or 5 days). The pretreated miscanthus was then co-digested with cattle manure in dry leach bed reactors. CaO pretreatments led to a 14–37% improvement of miscanthus BMP, and a 67–227% increase in the first-order kinetics constant; a high contact time was shown to favor methane production. According to these results and to industrial requirements, miscanthus was pretreated with 5 and 10% CaO for 5 days, then co-digested with manure in dry leach bed reactors. Nevertheless, the promising results of the BMP tests were not validated. This could be related to the high water absorption capacity of miscanthus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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