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BackgroundHeat pipe cooled reactors (HPR) have good inherent safety. In the early stage of core design, heat pipe failure accident is usually one of the design basis accidents that need to be considered.PurposeThis study aims to analyze the neutronic-thermalhydraulic coupling performance of a new type of megawatt heat pipe reactor.MethodsFirstly the heat pipe cooled reactor system physical models, including the point kinetics model, the core and heat pipe model and radiation heat transfer model for the inner core cavity, were established according to the designed HPR prototype composed of heat pipe stack and supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle system with thermal power of 3.5 MW. Then, the finite element software FLUENT was employed to conduct neutronic-thermalhydraulic coupling calculation for the three-dimensional reactor core under the steady-state and heat pipe failure accidents. Finally, the core safety performance was evaluated by comparing the peak temperature of each component with the melting point of material.Results & ConclusionsThe results show the designed HPR has good safety performance under the steady state and single heat pipe failure. Radiation heat transfer in the core cavity cannot be ignored in the serious cascade three heat pipe failure accident in high power region. Meanwhile, the design cannot withstand cascading four heat pipe failure. By comparing the peak temperature of the multiple heat pipe failure with the peak temperature of the single heat pipe failure, it shows that the design has good inherent safety.

With the increased attention given to culture in recent years in developmental psychology, there remains a need to overcome limitations of certain existing approaches. Such limitations include tendencies to adopt approaches to culture that are overly global, ignore its symbolic aspects, and that reduce culture to an individual difference variable that can be assessed by conventional psychological scale measures. In the present article, we focus on theoretical and methodological challenges involved in conceptualizing and measuring culture. In the first section, we discuss theoretical work on culture, including how to define culture and considerations to take into account when operationalizing culture, such as attending to its symbolic aspects, its embodiment in everyday social practices, and its dynamic nature. In the second section, we describe the theoretical and methodological approaches that we have adopted in incorporating culture in our own cross-cultural developmental research. Finally, in conclusion, we identify key challenges that arise in integrating attention to culture with psychological work in neuroscience, making the case for the continued importance of attention to culture even with the move toward neurologically based accounts of developmental processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cultural studies on sacrifices made by emerging adults have given limited attention to the cost involved. We addressed this issue in studies among U.S. and Chinese emerging adults. Assessing real-life instances of sacrifice, Study 1 (N = 130) showed that Chinese sacrifice for their parents in a higher cost way than do European Americans. In a vignette-based experiment, Study 2 (N = 254) demonstrated that family obligation motivates high-cost sacrifice among Chinese emerging adults but not among European American emerging adults. The findings underscore the importance in cultural research of recognizing the distinctive impact of cultural and immigration effects, while highlighting methodological limitations associated with the use of scale measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) in patients with schizophrenia and provide a reference for the selection of safe and effective treatment options in clinical practice., Methods: A total of 200 patients with schizophrenia, who were admitted to Wuhan Wudong Hospital Psychiatric Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020, were selected as the study subjects. They were divided into an observation group and a control group (100 cases in each group) according to a random number table. The control group was treated with conventional antipsychotics (risperidone and aripiprazole), and the observation group was given conventional antipsychotics (risperidone and aripiprazole) with MECT. After 8 weeks, the clinical efficacy, cognitive and memory functions and the occurrence of adverse reactions between the two groups were compared., Results: The total clinical effective rate of the observation group was 90%, which was higher than that of the control group (74%), and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test results of the observation group were better than those of the control group, and the cognitive function of the observation group was better than that of the control group (p<0.05). The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition index of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the memory function of the observation group was better than that of the control group (p<0.05). The overall incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.001)., Conclusion: The application of MECT in patients with schizophrenia can produce a good clinical curative effect, which is beneficial to the improvement and promotion of memory and cognitive functions in patients. Since the occurrence of adverse reactions is controllable, and safety is ideal, MECT has value in clinical application.