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PURPOSE: Current guidelines recommend surgery as standard of care for primary lung neuroendocrine tumor (LNET). Given that LNET is a rare clinical entity, there is a lack of literature regarding treatment of LNET with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). We hypothesized that SBRT could lead to effective locoregional tumor control and long-term outcomes. METHODS AND MATERIALS: We retrospectively reviewed 48 tumors in 46 patients from 11 institutions with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of LNET, treated with primary radiation therapy. Data were collected for patients treated nonoperatively with primary radiation therapy between 2006 and 2020. Patient records were reviewed for lesion characteristics and clinical risk factors. Kaplan-Meier analysis, log-rank tests, and Cox multivariate models were used to compare outcomes. RESULTS: Median age at treatment was 71 years and mean tumor size was 2 cm. Thirty-two lesions were typical carcinoid histology, 7 were atypical, and 9 were indeterminate. The most common SBRT fractionation schedule was 50 to 60 Gy in 5 daily fractions. Overall survival at 3, 6, and 9 years was 64%, 43%, and 26%, respectively. Progression-free survival at 3, 6, and 9 years was 88%, 78%, and 78%, respectively. Local control at 3, 6, and 9 years was 97%, 91%, and 91%, respectively. There was 1 regional recurrence in a paraesophageal lymph node. No grade 3 or higher toxicity was identified. CONCLUSIONS: This is the largest series evaluating outcomes in patients with LNET treated with SBRT. This treatment is well tolerated, provides excellent locoregional control, and should be offered as an alternative to surgical resection for patients with early-stage LNET, particularly those who may not be ideal surgical candidates.

Objective To investigate the current situation of knowledge, attitude and practice of excessive oxygen therapy among medical staff in the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. Methods Questionnaire on the use of excessive oxygen therapy for medical staff in respiratory and critical was used to investigate 734 medical staff of respiratory and critical care department in more than 40 secondary and higher-level hospitals in 11 provinces and cities. Results The total score of knowledge and practice of excessive oxygen therapy among medical staff in the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine was (134. 97+-17. 75). The scores of knowledge, attitude and behavior were (29. 08+-4. 58) points, (43. 30+-5. 48) points and (62. 59+-7. 69) points respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the main influencing factors of the knowledge, attitude and practice of excessive oxygen therapy for medical staff in respiratory and critical care department were whether they had learned the guidelines and literatures of excessive oxygen therapy in the past 12 months, academic background, professional title, hospital grade, and active involvement in oxygen therapy (P

Objective As one of the core systems in urban trains, the braking system's performance determines vehicle operational safety. The driver braking test is an essential function of the braking system in city railway trains, effectively ensuring the safety and reliability of the braking system before the trains are put into operation. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on this aspect. Method By analyzing the situation of urban trains in China, the design ideas for the driver braking test are clarified. A test plan for the driver braking test is formulated and verified. Result & Conclusion Combining the operational characteristics of urban trains, the technical scheme for driver braking test applicable to urban trains is elucidated, providing professional support for the self-inspection function of the braking system in city railway trains.

Growth substrates are essential for aquaponic systems and play an important role in vegetable growth and water quality. In this study, we explored an innovative combination of coconut bran and coconut shell biochar (CSB) as a composite growth substrate for lettuce cultivation in aquaponic systems. The study included the control (100 % coconut bran as the growth substrate) and treatment groups (T1–T5; containing 10 %, 20 %, 30 %, 40 %, and 50 % CSB as the growth substrate, respectively). The substrate properties; lettuce growth performance; and soil enzyme activity, nitrogen content, and abundance of microbial communities in the substrate were analyzed to determine the optimal substrate. Our findings indicated that CSB incorporation significantly altered the properties of the substrate, resulting in increased dry and bulk densities, pH, and water-holding capacity, and decreased electrical conductivity, water-absorption capacity, and porosity. Furthermore, the fresh weight of lettuce was notably increased in the treatment groups. The activities of fluorescein diacetate hydrolase, urease, nitrate reductase, and hydroxylamine reductase initially increased and further decreased, reaching the maximum in the T3 group. Conversely, the activity of nitrite reductase and contents of available nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen, and ammonium-nitrogen in the substrates initially decreased and further increased, with the minimum values observed in the T3 group. The microbial sequencing results indicated that CSB incorporation significantly increased the microbial diversity and relative abundance of microorganisms associated with nitrogen transformation. Moreover, 30 % CSB incorporation exhibited the greatest effect on lettuce growth, with a 34.5 % and 31.6 % increase in fresh weight compared to the control during the growth and harvest periods, respectively. This study indicated the enormous potential of biochar in the research and development of green technologies for substrate amendment in aquaponic systems.

Objective In a certain project, significant noise is generated during the last braking parking phase, affecting the surrounding residents rest and passenger comfort due to noise pollution caused by braking. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the causes of the noise. Method A typical noisy train is selected, and vibration acceleration sensors are installed on the caliper hanger and brake pad support. Sound sensors are installed on the caliper for experimentation. The relationship between noise occurrence and caliper vibration frequency under different operating conditions for different bogies are analyzed. Result & Conclusion Through testing, it is found that during braking, the brake disc generates vibrations around 300 Hz, with vibration accompanying the entire noise process. The noise is caused by resonance between the brake disc and the caliper during braking. To mitigate the noise, it is recommended to use electric braking as much as possible during braking to reduce the use of pneumatic braking, thereby reducing braking noise. Additionally, modifying the brake pad chamfer or replacing the caliper fixing bolts to change the caliper vibration frequency can help to reduce resonance between the brake disc and the caliper during braking.

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a ubiquitous brain cell degeneration disease and presents a significant therapeutic challenge. By injecting 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the left medial forebrain bundle, rats were made to exhibit PD-like symptoms and treated by intranasal administration of a low-dose (2 × 105) or high-dose (1 × 106) human neural stem cells (hNSCs). Apomorphine-induced rotation test, stepping test, and open field test were implemented to evaluate the motor behavior and high-performance liquid chromatography was carried out to detect dopamine (DA), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), serotonin, and 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid in the striatum of rats. Animals injected with 6-OHDA showed significant motor function deficits and damaged dopaminergic system compared to the control group, which can be restored by hNSCs treatment. Treatment with hNSCs significantly increased the tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive cell count in the substantia nigra of PD animals. Moreover, the levels of neurotransmitters exhibited a significant decline in the striatum tissue of animals injected with 6-OHDA when compared to that of the control group. However, transplantation of hNSCs significantly elevated the concentration of DA and DOPAC in the injured side of the striatum. Our study offered experimental evidence to support prospects of hNSCs for clinical application as a cell-based therapy for PD.