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Wen-Tung Hsu,1 Deng-Ho Yang,1– 4 Chun-Cheng Liao,3,5 Jia -Wen Chen,6 Wen-Hsiu Hsu,3,7 Chia-Wen Kuo,3,8 Hung-Chang Hsu,9 Sheng-Huang Chang,10 Li-Mien Chen2,3 1Division of Laboratory, Taichung Armed Force General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Armed Force General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China; 3School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; 4Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China; 5Department of Family Medicine, Taichung Armed Force General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China; 6Medicine Laboratory, Ministry of Health and Welfare Feng Yuan Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China; 7Division of Gastroenterology, Taichung Armed Force General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China; 8Division of Nephrology, Taichung Armed Force General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China; 9Division of Laboratory, Ching Chyuan Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China; 10Tsaotun Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Nantou, Taiwan, Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Li-Mien ChenDepartment of Internal Medicine, Taichung Armed Force General Hospital, No. 348, Sec. 2, Chung-Shan Road, Taiping, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of ChinaEmail c332860@ms65.hinet.netPurpose: To evaluate the blood glucose and renal function, determine the prevalence of hyperglycemia/diabetes mellitus (DM) and renal disease (nephropathy), and investigate the association between hyperglycemia/DM and renal disease in patients with viral hepatitis (VH).Patients and Methods: A total of 491 subjects were included in the study. Patients with VH were further divided into the hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and HBV-HCV co-infection subgroups. Fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), glycated albumin (GA), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), creatinine (Cr), and cystatin C (Cys C) levels were measured. Urine microalbumin levels were also assessed. Formulas for estimated average glucose calculated using glycated albumin(eAG(GA)), estimated average glucose calculated using HbA1c (eAG(HbA1c)), and estimated glomerular filtration rate calculated using cystatin C (eGFRcys) were used to evaluate the average glucose and renal function.Results: The prevalence of hyperglycemia/DM and renal disease was significantly higher in the VH group, especially in the HCV subgroup. The prevalence of renal disease was significantly higher in patients with VH with eAG(GA) ≥ 200 mg/dL.Conclusion: Our study used multiple parameters to evaluate blood glucose and renal function in patients with VH and found that hyperglycemia/DM and renal disease are closely associated with VH, especially in subjects with HCV infection. Patients with VH, especially those with HCV infection and hyperglycemia/DM, were particularly vulnerable to renal disease.Keywords: viral hepatitis, hyperglycemia, diabetes mellitus, renal disease, nephropathy

A dual feed vertical polarization circular array antenna for WLAN and 5G (sub-6 GHz) small-cell base station applications have been presented. The proposed antenna is a 2×2 array antenna that formed by 4 circular patch elements, two antenna ports, two feeding network circuits and a PCB with ground plane. This antenna design provides a wide frequency operating band Covering the WLAN and 5G (sub-6 GHz) smallcell base station band. The antenna is designed for 1/2 wavelength characteristics. The dielectric material of the antenna is an FR4 board with a ground plane size of 127 x 127 x 2.8 mm3. The feed port uses a matching network to convert 50 ohms and uses 50 ohm SMA connectors on each of the two feed ports. Finally, the circular patch size is modified to achieve the desired operating band.

This paper proposed a design to improve the high isolation of the MIMO slot antenna, which can be applied to WLAN 2.4 (2.4 - 2.48 GHz), WLAN 5.2 / 5.8 (5.15 - 5.85 GHz). The antenna design will be fed into the microstrip line design in the rectangular diagonal part of the excavation of a corner edge, the antenna placed in a mirror way, by adjusting the length of the slot and feeding microstrip line position to control the high and low frequency, And then effectively stimulate the WLAN required operating frequency band, and can effectively reduce the current coupling overflow to the other end of the slot, the low frequency band has a good isolation, from -4.5 dB to -24.5 dB, while the high frequency band is higher than -15 dB.

The paper presents an antenna design of smart watch with WLAN MIMO antennas and a GPS antenna. The overall dimensions size of the design is 40 mm × 40 mm × 5.4 mm. There are four WLAN antennas and a GPS antenna in the design. The size of ground plane is 40 mm × 40 mm. The antennas are fed by 50-ohm mini coaxial cable line. The PIFA type is adapted to design the antennas of GPS (1.575 GHz) and WLAN (2.4 – 2.484 GHz) band. The four WLAN antennas are placed on proximity of the four corners of four border of the smart watch; the GPS antenna is placed the part of the ring of the smart watch. The simulated and measured S ii (I = 1 to 5) results are below of −6dB and isolation between these antennas are also larger than 10dB.

This paper proposed an open slot handsets antenna with a capacitor and shorting feed, it can be applied to LTE700 (698–787MHz), LTE2300 (2300–2400MHz), LTE2500 (2500–2690MHz), GPS (1575MHz). This antenna is designed by a quarter-wavelength resonant mode, and fabricated on a FR4 substrate. In the top portion of the ground plane there is an open slot structure fed by a 50-Ω microstrip line, its endpoint with a capacitor load for impedance matching, across the slot. By adjusting the length of the slot, ground path, position of microstrip line and embedding a capacitor, the antenna can be controlled its high-band, middle-band and low-band modes; thus an effective coverage of the LTE/GPS operation frequency band can be achieved.

A coupled-fed monopole antenna with a multi-arm structure for GSM900/GSM1800 / DCS / PCS / UMTS / LTE2300 for USB dongle is presented. The monopole is fed by 50-ohm mini coaxial cable line. The two arms are on the front side and a meandered arm extended from the front side by via is on the back side. The multi-arms are coupled by an inverted L strip connected to feed point. The arms resonance of the bands, including: GSM900 (0.89–0.96 GHz), GSM1800 (1.71–1.99 GHz), DCS (1.71–1.88 GHz), PCS (1.85–1.99 GHz), UMTS (1.92–2.17 GHz), LTE2300. The simulated and measured results are proposed and discussed in the paper.

This study proposed a high gain dipole antenna system with reflective metal sheet. The structure of this system was simple. An antenna unit was composed of a symmetric trapezoid-shaped dipole antenna, and an antenna system was constructed by placing metal reflective metal sheet, which were formed on single-sided base plate (FR4), of the same structure with a certain spacing. The area of the antenna system was 43 × 10 mm2. A 50 Ω copper coaxial cable was connected to the center of the antenna unit as the antenna feed. This system was designed specifically for WLAN applications. Having a frequency band of 2.4–2.485 GHz, the proposed antenna system had good directivity, and the gain was approximately 6.0–6.2 dBi.