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The pollution of sediments around Lu Ban Island is a serious environmental issue that is threatening human health. The concentration of As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn at 73 layer points were investigated, vertical distribution characteristics, correlation among potential toxic elements and potential ecological risks of sediments at different depth were analyzed. The following results were obtained, (1) the hypothesis that there was a linear relationship between concentration of potential toxic elements and the reciprocal of deep was reasonable. Based on hypothesis, the ultimate value of concentration by making depth go to infinity was regarded as the background concentration. The background concentration of As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn are respectively 4.94 mg/kg, 0.20 mg/kg, 15.48 mg/kg, 58.41 mg/kg, 0.062 mg/kg, 26.96 mg/kg, 20.29 mg/kg, and 53.31 mg/kg. (2) But correlation between Ni and As was relatively weak, high degree of correlation among other potential toxic elements were found. Based on their correlation, eight potential toxic elements were classified into three groups. First group included Ni and Cr, mainly releasing by coal burning; Cu, Pb, Zn, Hg, and Cd were grouped together, possibly due to their shared source of fish cage culture; Arsenic with relatively weak correlation with other potential toxic elements was classified as a separate class, which was usually one important mineral resource associated with phosphate. (3) Potential ecological risk index (PERI) of sediment above − 0.40 m belonged to moderate risk, the PERI of sediment in − 0.10 m, − 0.20 m, and − 0.40 m were 289.06, 254.33, and 201.44, respectively. Sediment below − 0.40 m belonged to low risk with average PERI value 112.82, with no significant changes in PERI values. The order of contribution to PERI was Hg > Cd > As > Cu > Pb > Ni > Cr > Zn. (4) According to result of cluster analysis and potential ecological risk, the potential ecological risk of sediment above − 0.40 m mainly contributed by potential toxic elements of Cu, Cd, Hg, Pb, and Zn sharing source of fish cage culture.

Abstract Few studies have investigated factors associated with acute postsurgical pain (APSP) trajectories, and whether the APSP trajectory can predict chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) remains unclear. We aimed to identify the predictors of APSP trajectories in patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery. Moreover, we hypothesised that APSP trajectories were independently associated with CPSP. We conducted a prospective cohort study of 282 patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery to describe APSP trajectories. Psychological questionnaires were administered 1 day before surgery. Meanwhile, demographic characteristics and perioperative data were collected. Average pain intensity during the first 7 days after surgery was assessed by a numeric rating scale (NRS). Persistent pain intensity was evaluated at 3 and 6 months postoperatively by phone call interview. CPSP was defined as pain at the incision site or surrounding areas of surgery with a pain NRS score ≥ 1 at rest. The intercept and slope were calculated by linear regression using the least squares method. The predictors for the APSP trajectory and CPSP were determined using multiple linear regression and multivariate logistic regression, respectively. Body mass index, morphine milligram equivalent (MME) consumption, preoperative chronic pain and anxiety were predictors of the APSP trajectory intercept. Moreover, MME consumption and preoperative anxiety could independently predict the APSP trajectory slope. The incidence of CPSP at 3 and 6 months was 30.58% and 16.42% respectively. APSP trajectory and age were predictors of CPSP 3 months postoperatively, while female sex and preoperative anxiety were predictive factors of CPSP 6 months postoperatively. Preoperative anxiety and postoperative analgesic consumption can predict APSP trajectory. In addition, pain trajectory was associated with CPSP. Clinicians need to stay alert for these predictors and pay close attention to pain resolution.

Objectives: The purpose of this systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was to evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of psilocybin in adult patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods: A systematic search (up to September 14, 2023) was conducted for RCTs that examined the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of psilocybin in physically healthy adult patients with MDD. Three independent researchers extracted data from publications where the primary outcome was a change in depressive symptoms, and key secondary outcomes were changes in anxiety symptoms and suicidal ideation, discontinuation rates for any reason, and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Results: Five RCTs with 472 adult patients with MDD on psilocybin (n = 274) and controls (n = 198) were included. Two of the five RCTs (40%) reported mixed results, while the other three (60%) found that psilocybin had a beneficial effect on MDD treatment. Four RCTs (80%) assessing the anxiolytic effects of psilocybin for treating MDD found that psilocybin was significantly more effective than the control group in improving anxiety symptoms. Psilocybin was more effective than the control group in improving suicidal ideation in one out of five RCTs. Discontinuation rates were similar for any reason between the psilocybin group (2–13%) and the control group (4–21%) (P > 0.05). Four RCTs (80%) reported ADRs in detail. The most common ADR in both groups was headache. Conclusion: Psilocybin was effective in improving depressive symptoms in over half of the included studies and reduced anxiety symptoms in patients with MDD. The long-term efficacy and safety of psilocybin for MDD treatment needs to be further investigated in large RCTs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract In recent years, circular RNA (circRNA) has been found to be involved in a variety of cancer processes. More and more attention has been paid to the research of circRNA in lung cancer. This study aims to investigate whether circ_0000517 affected the physiology of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the underlying mechanism. The results demonstrated that circ_0000517 was highly expressed in lung cancer tissues and cells, and overexpression of circ_0000517 was negatively correlated with the prognosis of NSCLC patients. Silencing of circ_0000517 significantly inhibited the proliferation, glycolysis, and glutamine decomposition of NSCLC cells in vitro and repressed the growth of xenografted tumors in vivo. Moreover, knockdown of circ_0000517 attenuated the expression of PCNA, HK2, LDHA, ASCT2, and GLS1. Further study found that circ_0000517 targeted miR‐330‐5p and miR‐330‐5p targeted YY1. In addition, miR‐330‐5p inhibitor reversed inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, glycolysis, and glutamine decomposition induced by si‐circ_0000517. In conclusion, our study revealed that silencing of circ_0000517 improved the progression of NSCLC through regulating miR‐330‐5p/YY1 axis.

ObjectiveWe performed this systemic review to investigate the therapeutic potential and safety of adjunctive accelerated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (aTMS) for older patients with depression.MethodsWe included published randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and observational studies targeting adjunctive aTMS for older patients with depression.ResultsTwo open-label self-controlled studies (n = 29) fulfilled the criteria for inclusion. The included studies reported significant improvements in depressive symptoms from baseline to post-aTMS (all Ps < 0.05). One study reported a dropout rate of 10.5% (2/19). Mild headache was the most common adverse reaction.ConclusionThe currently available evidence from two open-label self-controlled studies indicates that adjunctive aTMS is a safe and effective therapy for older patients with depression.

Background: The diagnosis of hypertension should be based on the mean of two or more properly measured BP readings on each of two visits for clinical practice, but a one-visit strategy was applied in most epidemiological surveys. The impact of hypertension definition based on two visits on estimates of hypertension burden is unknown. This study aims to assess the impact of hypertension diagnosis based on a two-visit strategy for estimating hypertension burden in China. Methods: The one-visit and two-visit strategies were applied to investigate the incidence of hypertension in a cohort study based on the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) 1989–2011. Additionally the prevalence of hypertension was investigated in a cross-sectional study based on the CHNS 2006–2009/2011 and the hypertension burden in China was estimated with data from the 2012–2015 China hypertension survey. Results: Overall, the age-adjusted incidence of hypertension based on the two-visit strategy (1.82%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.74–1.90%) was 62.1% lower than estimation based on the one-visit strategy (4.80%; 95% CI, 4.68–4.93%). Similar results were found in the prevalence of hypertension (one-visit: 18.13% [95% CI, 17.34–18.92%]; two-visit: 9.47% [95% CI, 8.87–10.07%]). When the two-visit strategy was applied to the 2012–2015 China hypertension survey, the hypertension burden was predicted to be overestimated by 25.5–47.8% (based on JNC 7) and 23.5–48.2% (based on the 2017 ACC/AHA). Conclusion: The hypertension burden would decrease from 244.5 million persons to 127.5–182.3 million persons in China if the two-visit strategy was applied.

Adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH)-secreting pituitary adenoma, also known as Cushing disease (CD), is rare and causes metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis due to hypercortisolism. However, the molecular pathogenesis of CD is still unclear because of a lack of human cell lines and animal models. Here, we study 106 clinical characteristics and gene expression changes from 118 patients, the largest cohort of CD in a single-center. RNA deep sequencing is used to examine genotypic changes in nine paired female ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas and adjacent nontumorous pituitary tissues (ANPT). We develop a novel analysis linking disease clinical characteristics and whole transcriptomic changes, using Pearson Correlation Coefficient to discover a molecular network mechanism. We report that osteoporosis is distinguished from the phenotype and genotype analysis. A cluster of genes involved in osteoporosis is identified using Pearson correlation coefficient analysis. Most of the genes are reported in the bone related literature, confirming the feasibility of phenotype-genotype association analysis, which could be used in the analysis of almost all diseases. Secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1), collagen type I α 1 chain (COL1A1), 5'-nucleotidase ecto (NT5E), HtrA serine peptidase 1 (HTRA1) and angiopoietin 1 (ANGPT1) and their signalling pathways are shown to be involved in osteoporosis in CD patients. Our discoveries provide a molecular link for osteoporosis in CD patients, and may open new potential avenues for osteoporosis intervention and treatment.

It is important to predict the capacity related parameters of reservoir such as brittleness, total organic carbon (TOC), in-situ stress, maturity of organic carbon (Ro), and buried depth in shale gas exploration and exploitation. Among these parameters, brittleness and TOC are especially important for shale gas exploitation. The complex resistivity measurement and analysis show that the rich organic shale in southern China features low resistivity and high chargeability. These characteristics are a geophysical prerequisite for predicting the sweet spot characteristic parameters of shale, such as TOC and brittleness, with rapid developing of high resolution controlled source electromagnetic (CSEM) method prospecting which can give resistivity and chargeability distribution of underground. Based on the rich organic shale composition analysis and complex resistivity measurements in southern China, this paper analysed the presence of pyrite as an associated mineral in organic-rich shale, and examined its relationship to resistivity, chargeability, TOC content and brittleness, and the quantitative relationship between the models has been established. Therefore, this study provides a firm experimental foundation for predicting parameters of shale sweet spots with CSEM prospecting.

Objective: The efficacy and safety of adjunctive magnetic seizure therapy (MST) for patients with schizophrenia are unclear. This systematic review was conducted to examine the efficacy and safety of adjunctive MST for schizophrenia.Methods: Chinese (WanFang and Chinese Journal Net) and English (PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library) databases were systematically searched.Results: Two open-label self-controlled studies (n = 16) were included and analyzed in this review. In these studies, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total scores and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) total scores significantly decreased from baseline to post-MST (all Ps < 0.05), without serious adverse neurocognitive effects. Mixed findings on the neurocognitive effects of adjunctive MST for schizophrenia were reported in the two studies. A discontinuation rate of treatment of up to 50% (4/8) was reported in both studies. The rate of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) was evaluated in only one study, where the most common ADRs were found to be dizziness (25%, 2/8) and subjective memory loss (12.5%, 1/8).Conclusion: There is inconsistent evidence for MST-related adverse neurocognitive effects and preliminary evidence for the alleviation of psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia.