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To address the problem that it is difficult to quantitatively characterize the influence range of volcanic rocks on the physical properties of sandstone reservoirs, the three typical contact relationships between volcanic rocks and sandstone reservoirs were summarized using dynamic and static data from the Bohai X Oilfield. A multi-layered commingled production composite reservoir model was established using the theoretical method of well testing, the " homogeneous + composite reservoir" model was used as an example to analyze the influence of the boundary radius of homogeneous layer, the mobility ratio of inner and outer zone of composite layer, the storage capacity ratio of inner and outer zone of composite layer, and the radius of inner zone of composite layer on the pressure dynamic curve, and the model was applied to the well testing interpretation of Well A1 in Bohai X Oilfield. The study results show that the pressure dynamic curve can be divided into five stages according to the pressure derivative curve morphology, which are wellbore storage stage, early transition flow stage, transition flow stage from the inner zone to the outer zone of the composite layer, mixed flow stage between the outer zone of the composite layer and the homogeneous layer, and multi-layer boundary response stage. The high fitting accuracy of Well A1 test well further verified the reliability of the model. The physical properties of the sandstone reservoir deteriorated within about 300. 0 m from the volcanic rocks. Combined with the range of volcanic rocks portrayed by the static data, the network deployment of the 2 adjustment wells in the Bohai X Oilfield was guided, and the specific productivity index after production was 4. 0 to 6. 0 times of that of Well A1, with remarkable effect. The research results have some implications for well testing interpretation, well network deployment and efficient development of sandstone oilfields in volcanic rock development area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leaching of manganese and zinc in waste Zn-Mn batteries using sulfuric acid/oxalic acid was researched. The effects of reaction time, oxalic acid concentrate, sulfuric acid concentrate and temperature on leaching of manganese and zinc were examined. The results show that adding oxalic acid into sulfuric acid solution, the manganese and zinc can be leached effectively. Leaching of manganese and zinc are 98.81% and 94.91%, respectively under the conditions of solid-to-liquid ratio of 1/20,sulfuric acid concentrate of 0.5 mol/L, oxalic acid concentrate of 0.25 mol/L, stir speed of 250 r/min, temperature of 50 °C and leaching time of 120 min, the leaching effects is very good. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Anaerobic Clostridial spores (CG) cause significant oncolysis in hypoxic tumour microenvironment and result in tumour regression in both animal models and clinical trials. The immune mediated response plays a critical role in the antitumour effect by the anaerobic spore treatment. Method. Human papillomavirus 16 E6/E7 transformed TC-1 tumour bearing mice were intravenously administered with low (1 × 108 CFU/kg) or high dosage (3 × 108 CFU/kg) of Derivative Clostridial spore (DCG). Results. Intravenous administration of the derivative of Clostridial ghonii (DCG) spores leads to both tumour and systemic inflammatory responses characterized by increased IFNγ/IL-9 secreting T cells in the spleen and the tumour. Low numbers of antigen specific T cells (<20/106 spleen cells) in the spleen of the tumour bearing mice are also detected after intravenous DCG delivery. Interestingly, our results showed that a mixed IL-9/IFNγ secreting T cell response was induced when the tumour bearing mice received a low dose of DCG spore (1 × 108 CFU/kg), while a strong IFNγ response was elicited with a high dosage of DCG spore (3 × 108 CFU/kg). Conclusion. The dosage of DCG spore will determine the types of the DCG induced immune responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is still a great challenge to prepare high performance mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) because of the difficulty in finely tuning the compatibility between filler and organic phases. In this work, ZIF-8 nanoparticles hydrophobically functionalized by 5, 6-dimethylbenzimidazole (DMBIM) via shell ligand exchange (SLE) reaction were incorporated into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix to fabricate defect-free MMMs. Organic--inorganic interface compatibility was realized because of more abundant organic ligands from DMBIM. The effects of different loadings on membrane microstructure and gas separation performance were investigated systematically. A significantly enhanced C3H8/N2 separation performance with C3H8 permeability over 2.10 × 104 Barrer (91 % higher than that of pure PDMS membrane) and C3H8/N2 selectivity of 99.5 (116 % higher than that of pure PDMS membrane) were achieved. Additionally, the as-prepared membrane also exhibited excellent stability during long term operation. © 2016 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the effect of the 131 I-labeled high-affinity peptides Caerin 1.1 and Caerin 1.9 for the treatment of A549 human NSCLC cells., Methods: ① 3-[4,5-Dimethylthiazole-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and plate clone formation assays were performed to confirm the in vitro anti-tumor activity of Caerin 1.1 and Caerin 1.9. ② Chloramine-T was used to label Caerin 1.1 and Caerin 1.9 with 131 I, and the Cell Counting Kit 8 assay was performed to analyze the inhibitory effect of unlabeled Caerin 1.1, unlabeled Caerin 1.9, 131 I-labeled Caerin 1.1, and 131 I-labeled Caerin 1.9 on the proliferation of NSCLC cells. An A549 NSCLC nude mouse model was established to investigate the in vivo anti-tumor activity of unlabeled Caerin 1.1, unlabeled Caerin 1.9, 131 I-labeled Caerin 1.1, and 131 I-labeled Caerin 1.9., Results: ① Caerin 1.1 and Caerin 1.9 inhibited the proliferation of NSCLC cells in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration was 16.26 µg/ml and 17.46 µg/ml, respectively, with no significant intergroup difference (P>0.05). ② 131 I-labeled Caerin 1.1 and 131 I-labeled Caerin 1.9 were equally effective and were superior to their unlabeled versions in their ability to inhibit the proliferation and growth of NSCLC cells (P>0.05)., Conclusions: 131 I-labeled Caerin 1.1 and 131 I-labeled Caerin 1.9 inhibit the proliferation and growth of NSCLC cells and may become potential treatments for NSCLC., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Liu, He, Xiao, Du, Zhu, Liu, Chen, Liu, Ni, Liu, Wang, Quan, Zhang, Zhang and Yuan.)

Genital warts, which are one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), result from persistent infection with human papillomavirus (HPV), especially subtypes 6 or 11. Topical application of 5% imiquimod cream is currently recommended as a first-line treatment choice for genital warts, but the clearance and patient compliance rates remain less than sufficient. In the current study, we developed a temperature-sensitive gel that contains the host-defense peptides caerin 1.1 and 1.9, which were originally isolated from Australian tree frogs of the genus Litoria . Growth of HPV16 E6/E7-transformed TC-1 cells was inhibited in vitro and in vivo following injection of the tumor with the caerin gel in a TC-1 tumor mouse model. Furthermore, when the caerin gel was topically applied, the inhibitory effect remained, and T, NK cells were attracted to the tumor site. In addition, the gel maintained a similar level of bioactivity after incubation at room temperature for 30 days. Our results suggest that this caerin gel, following further optimization, may provide an alternative method for the management of genital warts., Competing Interests: None., (AJTR Copyright © 2020.)

Background: Anaerobic Clostridial spores (CG) cause significant oncolysis in hypoxic tumour microenvironment and result in tumour regression in both animal models and clinical trials. The immune mediated response plays a critical role in the antitumour effect by the anaerobic spore treatment., Method: Human papillomavirus 16 E6/E7 transformed TC-1 tumour bearing mice were intravenously administered with low (1 × 10 8 CFU/kg) or high dosage (3 × 10 8 CFU/kg) of Derivative Clostridial spore (DCG)., Results: Intravenous administration of the derivative of Clostridial ghonii (DCG) spores leads to both tumour and systemic inflammatory responses characterized by increased IFN γ /IL-9 secreting T cells in the spleen and the tumour. Low numbers of antigen specific T cells (<20/10 6 spleen cells) in the spleen of the tumour bearing mice are also detected after intravenous DCG delivery. Interestingly, our results showed that a mixed IL-9/IFN γ secreting T cell response was induced when the tumour bearing mice received a low dose of DCG spore (1 × 10 8 CFU/kg), while a strong IFN γ response was elicited with a high dosage of DCG spore (3 × 10 8 CFU/kg)., Conclusion: The dosage of DCG spore will determine the types of the DCG induced immune responses.

Objective: We recently showed that host defense caerin peptides isolated from Australian frog tree were able to inhibit cervical cancer tumour cell growth in vitro. We wished to determine if radioactive isotope iodine-125 ( 125 I) can be labeled to caerin 1.9 peptide and if this peptide is bioactive for breast cancer cells treatment., Subjects and Methods: The biological function of caerin (1.1 and 1.9) peptides were investigated by in vitro 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The anti-cancer effect of 125 I labeled caerin 1.9 was compared with unlabeled caerin 1.9 peptide. The tissue distribution of 125 I labeled caerin 1.9 peptide was further studied in mice., Results: In the current paper, we demonstrated that caerin peptides (1.1 and 1.9) were separately able to inhibit the viability of two breast cancer cell lines in vitro and this inhibition was more profound when these peptides were simultaneously applied. Moreover, 125 I can be stably attached to caerin 1.9 peptide with high efficiency. Iodine-125 labeled caerin 1.9 inhibited breast cancer cells line MCF-7 viability more efficiently than free 125 I and also than unlabeled caerin 1.9. Additionally, iodine-125 labeled caerin 1.9 in vivo imaging demonstrated that although slightly, it could be accumulated in tumor tissue., Conclusion: Our results from this totally original study indicated that radioactive isotope 125 I labeled to caerin peptide 1.9 may be used to treat breast cancer while at the same time the response to treatment may be monitored by simultaneous imaging.