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Objective: This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of Boschniakia rossica polysaccharides （BRPS） on the activation of inflammasome and pyroptosis of J774A.1 macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharide （LPS） and adenosine triphosphate （ATP）. Methods: The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3） inflammasome model was established by stimulating J774A.1 macrophages with LPS and ATP. Cell viability was detected using the cell counting kit-8, the release of lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） was tested with the microplate method, the cellular level of NLRP3 and cell membrane damage were detected using the immunofluorescence staining method, and the secretion of interleukin-1β （IL-1β） was measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The protein expressions of NLRP3, caspase-1, apoptosis associated speck-like protein containing caspase recruitment domains （ASC）, IL-1β, gasdermin D （GSDMD）, as well as the nuclear factors-κB （NF-κB） and mitogen activated protein kinase （MAPK） was determined with the western blotting method. Results: BRPS could increase the cell viability, reduce the release of LDH in the culture medium, alleviate the membrane damage of macrophages, down-regulate the protein expression of NLRP3, up-regulate the level of caspase-1 precursor, and down-regulate the levels of IL-1β and GSDMD N-terminal active fragment in the model group. In addition, BRPS suppressed the nuclear translocation and phosphorylation of NF-κB, as well as the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase, c-Jun amino terminal kinase, and p38 MAPK. Conclusion: BRPS inhibit LPS/ATP-induced activation of macrophage inflammasome and pyroptosis in mouse J774A.1 cells through regulating the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.

Abstract Purpose The aim of this study was to describe the longitudinal developmental trajectories and its influencing factors of sexual activity in patients with breast cancer during treatment. Methods A prospective longitudinal study was conducted, including 225 newly diagnosed breast cancer patients in A tumor specialty three-class hospital in Southwest China. We measured sexual activity at the time of admission and diagnosis (T0) and one month (T1), three months (T2), six months (T3), and nine months (T4) after diagnosis. A trajectory analysis model (GBTM) was used to explore the changes in sexual activity in breast cancer patients. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyse the factors that affected the classification of sexual activity trajectories. Results The ratio of sexual activity abruptly declined from 100% at baseline to 39.1% at T1. The percentage of sexual activity was improved, from 51.4% at T2 to 63.1% at T4. The optimal model was a 2-group trajectory of sexual activity in breast cancer patients,36.6% in the “low activity group” and 63.4% in the “high activity group.” The multivariate binary logistic regression analysis revealed statistically significant and positive correlations between sexual activity and age (β = 0.085, OR = 1.089, 95%CI 1.035 ∼ 1.145, P = 0.001),libido(β = 0.774, OR = 2.168, 95%CI 1.337 ∼ 3.515, P = 0.002), vaginal lubrication(β = 1.254, OR = 33.503, 95%CI 2.000 ∼ 6.137, P

In order to improve the species composition and structural characteristics of fish in the southern sea area of Zhoushan, the environmental DNA technology was used to detect the fish diversity. By collecting water samples, filtering, extracting environmental DNA, PCR amplification and sequencing, 8 environmental DNA samples were obtained from 6 stations in the southern sea area of Zhoushan, and 9 species of common fish in Zhoushan sea area were detected, including 1 species of cartilaginous fish, 8 species of radial fin fish, and Harpadon nehereus was the dominant species. The results show that, although the environmental DNA technology can not completely replace the traditional methods of fish resources investigation, it can be used as a supplementary means of fish resources investigation and spatial distribution. Combined with bottom trawl data, it provides a basis for the seasonal changes of fish composition and community structure in the southern sea area of Zhoushan.

This paper summarizes the nursing practice of moxa stick moxibustion combined with auricular acupressure in treating insomnia in a patient with syndrome of spleen and kidney deficiency after lung cancer surgery. Key issues of nursing included routine nursing care as well as the operation methods and precautions of moxa stick moxibustion and auricular acupressure. Based on the acupoints selection by syndrome differentiation and scientific nursing assessment, individualized nursing interventions were carried out to relieve the patient's long-term insomnia symptoms. (本文总结艾条灸联合耳穴贴压治疗1例肺癌手术后辨证为脾肾亏虚证患者失眠的护理经验, 包括常规护理、艾条灸和耳穴贴压的操作方法和注意事项等。通过辨证取穴和科学的评估, 针对患者的失眠症状进行个体化护理干预, 能够有效改善患者长期失眠症状。)

C9H6Br6, hexagonal, P63/m (no. 176), a = 8.8911(3) Å, c = 10.6847(5) Å, V = 731.48(6) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0441, wRref(F2) = 0.1094, T = 293 K.

Functional movement disorder (FMD) is a common subtype of functional neurological disorder (FND), mainly manifested as gait abnormality, tremor, dystonia, postural abnormality, and so on. In recent years, researchers have adopted multi⁃ disciplinary team (MDT) to improve the treatment effect of FMD, among which cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been widely used as an effective psychotherapy program. This article reviews the research progress of CBT for FMD in order to provide guidance for clinical treatment.

Background: Remimazolam has shown similar or even superior properties to propofol in procedural sedation in adults, but few studies have been conducted in pediatric populations. Thus, we aimed to compare the effect and safety of remimazolam and propofol combined with low dose esketamine for pediatric same-day bidirectional endoscopy (BDE).Methods: Pediatrics 0.05). Furthermore, the decline in PI and PI ratio during BDE was related to body movement in the P group.Conclusion: Remimazolam combined with low dose esketamine has a non-inferior sedative effect than propofol for pediatric BDE, with no injection pain, less respiratory depression, more stable hemodynamics. Moreover, early detection of the decline in PI may avoid harmful stimulation under light anesthesia.Clinical trial registration:https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05686863?id=NCT05686863&rank=1, NCT05686863

ObjectiveTo understand the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Jingzhou from 2016 to 2021， so as to provide scientific evidence for the formulation of influenza prevention and control policies in this region， and effectively protect people's health.MethodsData of influenza-like illness （ILI） and pathogen surveillance in Jingzhou during 2016‒2021 were collected and statistically analyzed.ResultsA total of 46 272 ILI cases were reported from two hospitals in Jingzhou City from 2016 to 2021. The difference in the constituent ratio of ILI was statistically significant among different age groups （P

In recent years, unitized logistics is developing rapidly. As a core instrument, standardized pallet is gradually implemented in military logistics and commercial logistics. This paper expounds the concepts of unitized military logistics system and analyses the key elements. Then it summarizes three fundamental conditions to guarantee the system working fluently and three key problems, basing on the actual situation, about the work efficiency in support operation. Moreover, it analyzes the process of support pattern on three levels, from ‘supplier’, ‘battle warehouse, reserving and supplying base’ and ‘demand forces’ in this system. Finally, this paper analyzes the value from three angles, ‘military’, ‘economy’ and ‘society’, of this system.

In order to solve the dust pollution problem of the parallel belt conveyor running system of the coal processing plant, a numerical model of the parallel belt conveyor running system of Huangyuchuan coal processing plant was established using the k-ε turbulence model and COMSOL software to calculate the distribution law of its wind flow, analyze the influence of the induced airflow and corridor wind speed on its wind flow field, and determine the mechanism of wind flow influence on dust pollution of the parallel belt conveyor running system of the coal processing plant. The study shows that the corridor wind speed directly determines the flow velocity of the system, the larger the corridor wind speed, the greater the velocity of the whole system; the size of the induced airflow determines whether the wind flow field is a single vortex field, a double vortex field or a vortex-free field. Targeted solutions are proposed to reduce the problem of serious dust pollution caused by the generation of vortex, and the targeted wet dust reduction solution is designed and installed in Huangyuchuan coal processing plant, where the dust reduction efficiency of both the full dust and the respirable dust in the workshop has reached over 90%.

In order to improve the dynamic performance of the control system, a variable frequency sliding mode sensorless control strategy based on Extended State Observer (ESO) feedforward compensation was proposed in order to improve the disturbance and jitter problems of pitch motors in offshore wind power generation systems. The fast exponential reaching law is designed in the velocity loop, and the integrated sliding surface is adopted, which reduces the steady-state error of the traditional sliding surface and weakens the jitter phenomenon of the moving point on the sliding surface. The traditional sliding mode observer is improved, and the variable cut-off frequency filter is used instead of the low-pass filter in the filtering process to filter the signals of each speed band. At the same time, in order to estimate the disturbances in the system, the Linear Extended State Observer (LESO) is designed to observe and compensate for the unknown disturbances, which improves the robustness of the system. The simulation results show that the control strategy in this paper solves the problems of traditional Sliding Mode Control (SMC), which not only shortens the response time of the system, but also significantly improves the anti-disturbance performance of the system, and the overall effect is significantly improved.

C9H10N3O9Eu, triclinic, P1‾ $P\overline{1}$ (no. 2), a = 7.9645(5) Å, b = 9.2934(6) Å, c = 10.0409(6) Å, α = 66.8554(8)°, β = 72.9671(8)°, γ = 83.4968(9)°, V = 653.41(7) Å3, Z = 2, R gt(F) = 0.0210, wR ref(F 2) = 0.0522, T = 296(3) K.

TC4/Ni60/Ni-graphite composite functional coatings with 25%(mass fraction), 35% and 45%Ni-graphite were prepared on TC4 titanium alloy surface by coaxial powder-feeding laser cladding technology. The forming quality, microstructure and mechanical properties of the composite coatings were studied by means of penetrant inspection, X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope, energy spectrum analyzer, electron probe microanalyzer, white light interferometer, microhardness tester and friction and wear tester. The results show that the 35%Ni-graphite coating has the best forming quality, and different content Ni-graphite coatings have the same types of reaction precipitates, mainly Ti2Ni, TiC, TiB2, graphite and matrix α-Ti.The TiC coated graphite semi coherent composite phase and TiC, Ti2Ni cross growth coherent composite phase are formed in all coatings, the semi-coherent TiC coating can alleviate the melting of graphite in the molten pool, and the coherent TiC-Ti2Ni composite phase can make the brittle Ti2Ni structure uniformly refined. With the increase of Ni-graphite content, the average microhardness and wear resistance of the coatings decrease gradually, while the anti-friction performance first increases and then decreases, and the wear mechanism is abrasive wear.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect and mechanism of pharyngeal refreshing pills on an animal model of chronic pharyngitis.MethodsA total of 42 healthy New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into seven groups: control, model, manyanshuning granules (9 g/kg), pharyngeal refreshing pills at low- (0.025 g/kg), medium- (0.05 g/kg), high- (0.1 g/kg) doses, and atomization (0.025 g/kg) groups. Animal models of chronic pharyngitis were established by chemical stimulation in all rabbits except the control group. From the second day after successful modeling, the five treatment groups were administered with manyanshuning granules and different doses of pharyngeal refreshing pills every day, while the control and model groups were fed with white sugar (0.025 g/kg) for 7 days. From the third day after successful modeling, the local condition of the pharyngeal wall of each rabbit was observed every day. Blood samples were collected at the end of drug administration and examined. Histopathological changes in the pharyngeal wall mucosa were examined by hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the levels of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ were detected by flow cytometry. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Western blotting was used to detect the expression of IL-6, IL-1, TNF-α, nuclear factor-κappa B (NF-κB) p65 and NF-κB inhibitor (IκB-α) at the protein level in the pharyngeal wall mucosa. qRT-PCR was used to detect NF-κB p65 and IκB-α mRNA expression in the pharyngeal wall mucosa.ResultsCompared with the control group, the pathological tissues of the posterior pharyngeal mucosa of rabbits with chronic pharyngitis were significantly damaged; the levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, and T-AOC were significantly decreased, while the levels of CD8+, IL-6, IL-1, TNF-α, CRP, NF-κB p65, and IκB-α were significantly increased (all P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the pathological injury of pharyngitis could be alleviated to different degrees in the treatment group; the levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, and T-AOC in the pharyngeal refreshing pills at high dose and atomization groups were significantly increased, while the levels of CD8+, IL-6, IL-1, TNF-α, CRP, NF-κB p65, and IκB-α were significantly decreased (all P < 0.05). The effect of high-dose pharyngeal refreshing pill administration was better than that of low-dose and middle-dose pharyngeal refreshing pills, and manyanshuning granules.ConclusionThe pharyngeal refreshing pills can significantly improve the inflammatory index of chronic pharyngitis, reduce pathological injury, affect the expression of NF-κB signaling pathway-related factors, and the effect of atomization dose is more obvious.

BackgroundThe quality of neutron radiographic images is mainly evaluated by human visual system (HVS), but HVS cannot be used as a real-time auxiliary for optimization parameters of neutron imaging systems.PurposeThis study aims to evaluate the quality of neutron radiographic images by no-reference image quality assessment (NR-IQA) and provide an effective approach for the parameters optimization of neutron imaging systems.MethodsFirstly, the plain natural images distorted with different distortion levels and types were labelled with quality scores to construct an experimental dataset by the gradient magnitude similarity deviation (GMSD) method. Then, the residual network (ResNet) model was employed to evaluate the quality of neutron radiographic images without reference images. Finally, the goal of extracting features and assessing the quality of neutron radiographic images was achieved by training the ResNet.ResultsThe model performs well in the test set of the experimental dataset and the quality prediction of the two group authentic neutron radiographic images.ConclusionsThe proposed quality assessment method could be used for the quality prediction of neutron radiographic images.

In order to guarantee the running safety of the train on the bridge in the wind field the wind-proofing barrier is generally installed on the bridge, however, in the transition section where a train enters or exits the wind-proofing barrier the wind load on the car-body will suddenly change because of a sudden change of wind field. This will cause the train swaying, reduce the driving comfort, and even endanger the driving safety in severe cases. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the wind barrier design in the transition section. Firstly the dynamic interaction model of vehicle-bridge-wind barrier coupling system under wind load is established, and the influence of sudden change of wind forces acting on the train on the driving safety is analyzed, then some concrete measures are proposed with respect to improving the driving comfort and safety and the effect of the optimizing measures is evaluated. Taking 12-span simply supported box girder bridges installing single-side 3.5 m wind barrier as an example, and optimizing the design of wind barriers in the transition section, the dynamic response and the driving safety indices of the train are obtained according to the above calculation model. The results before and after the optimization design of the wind barrier in the transition section are compared. It can be found that the sudden change of wind forces on the train induced by wind barrier has a significant effect on the lateral acceleration of the train, especially when the train is moving in and out of the wind barrier. The driving safety indices with gradual wind barriers are smaller than those without optimization design in the transition section of wind barrier.

Purpose: This paper develops a ‘light’ total productive maintenance (TPM) model suitable for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). By design, the system is rudimentary, using a relatively small sum of capital investment and resources. The model recommends TPM implementation in three stages, namely plan, improve, and sustain. Design/methodology/approach: The literature review provides the inputs to the model development. Action research is used to demonstrate and verify the effectiveness and practicability of the framework, in an SME manufacturing hydraulic parts in China. Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) and awareness of employees were studied before and after the implementation. Findings: The case study shows a significantly improved production efficiency of the equipment. The framework structuralizes TPM deployment and binding different levels of the organization into the program, from planning, implementation to sustaining the practices. To break the barrier of shop-floor resistance, the leader must drive many activities unassisted, it, therefore, necessitates an open endorsement of authority by the steering committee composed of top management. The Prudent pilot run of TPM helped to accelerate the implementation at critical equipment, in addition to cultivating experience and hence confidence among staff. Research limitations/implications: This study provides a pragmatic reference to other researchers and practitioners to promote a light TPM model in SMEs, without losing the essence of TPM. Being action research with the case study in a specific manufacturing industry, the resultant evidence, therefore, is anecdotal. Originality/value: The model adopts a phased method to implement TPM, without aggravating the financial and human resource burden of the enterprise. It promotes the cultivation of employees’ TPM awareness and active involvement, which can lay a solid foundation for the wide implementation of TPM in SMEs.

Objective To investigate the effect of siRNA mediated KDM3A gene silencing on cell proliferation and apoptosis of breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Methods Constructed a KDM3A gene-specific siRNA lentiviral vector to infect breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells, and detected the efficiency of breast cancer cells transfected with siRNA-KDM3A by the real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. CCK-8 method was used to detect cell proliferation, Western blot was used to test cell apoptosis and Transwell method was used to detect cell invasion. Results Compared with the control group,the expression of KDM3A mRNA was down-regulated in KDM3A-sh1, KDM3A-sh2 and KDM3A-sh3 cells, and the most efficient interference RNA was KDM3A-sh2, with the expression of mRNA decreased by 80.1%(P＜0.01).After silencing KDM3A, the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells decreased, the apoptosis rate increased (P＜0.05), and the invasion ability decreased (P＜0.01). Conclusions siRNA-mediated KDM3A gene silencing inhibits proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells and promotes their apoptosis.

Since the “13th Five-Year Plan”, China has made remarkable achievements in the construction of new urbanization, and its development has also shifted from increment and expansion to a new stage dominated by stock renewal. In the tide of diversified construction of city, Chaoshan area with strong regional characteristics and cultural deposit has been frequently frustrated in shaping its urban image. Many untrue public opinions and rumors even appear on new media platforms and are widespread. How to effectively communicate the urban brand image of Chaoshan area and therefore promote regional economic development has become an aspiration of every Chaoshan person. In this paper, by collecting and analyzing questionnaires, we design a “CBIO” model. In order to improve communication effect of urban image of Chaoshan area, communication subjects should paid attention to key factors such as communication tactics, urban brand positioning and urban infrastructure construction.

With 20% sweet potato puree and wheat flour as raw materials, the effects of knead times,fermentation time and fermentation temperature on the quality of sweet potato puree steamed bread were studied.On the basis of single factor test, sensory evaluation was selected as the evaluation index, and response surface analysis was used to optimize the processing technology of sweet potato puree steamed bread.The results showed that the optimum technological formula of sweet potato puree steamed bread was as follows： 14 times of kneading, 18 min of fermentation and 33 ℃ of fermentation temperature.With special sweet potato flavor, the quality of sweet potato puree steamed bread is better under this condition.

The heat treatment experiments were carried on titanium alloys (TC17 (α+β) + TC17 (β)) linear friction welded joint. Optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and microhardness instrument were used to investigate the effects of different heat treatment temperatures on the microstructure and mechanical properties of welded joints. The results show that recrystallization occurs at the weld zone (as weld). Metastable β phase structure is formed at the weld interface of as-welded joint. The microhardness of as-welded joint is lower than base metal and high cycle fatigue strength of as-welded joints is 345 MPa. Because welding speed is rapid, a large number of primary α phase is retained in thermal mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) of TC17 (α+β). After post-weld heat treatment, the metastable β phase structure is decomposed and dispersed (α+β) phase is separated out at the welded joints. With the increase of the heat treatment temperature, small secondary α phase is grown up and phases are partly spheroidized. After heat treatment, because metastable β phase structure is decomposed, the micro-hardness is greatly increased at the weld zone and TMAZ, and fatigue strength is increased by an average of 65 MPa at the welded joints. With the increase of the heat treatment temperature, the fracture toughness is improved at the TMAZ of welded joints.

With the rapid development of the social economy in China, the incidence of diseases caused by excessive drinking is gradually increasing as well. Alcoholic cardiomyopathy refers to long-term high intake of ethanol, and has typical dilated cardiomyopathy characteristics, such as, hemodynamic changes, symptoms, signs, and morphological features. It is a kind of cardiomyopathy that excludes other causes of dilated cardiomyopathy. Due to the lack of specific pathological changes, the forensic pathological identification of alcoholic cardiomyopathy can only be based on the patient’s medical history and by ruling out other causes of cardiomyopathy. This paper reviews the pathogenesis and forensic identification of alcoholic cardiomyopathy in order to provide reference for forensic pathologists and clinicians.

BACKGROUND There are water molecules and hydrous mineral inclusions in natural ruby and sapphire. The hydrous minerals disappear easily after heat treatment, which causes the physical and chemical properties of ruby and sapphire to change. Thus the hydrous mineral inclusions have important indications for identifying whether or not ruby and sapphire have been heated. OBJECTIVES To analyze the characteristics of the hydrous mineral inclusions, and discuss the validity of the identification method for identifying whether or not ruby and sapphire have been heated through hydrous mineral inclusions. METHODS Mineral inclusions were characterized by the gem microscope, infrared spectroscopy and microscopic confocal laser Raman spectroscopy. RESULTS The hydrous mineral inclusions showed good shape and clear appearance. The infrared spectrum characteristics showed diaspore characteristic absorption peaks at 2105-2110cm-1 and 1977-1985cm-1, and kaolinite peaks at 3619cm-1 and 3696cm-1. The microscopic confocal laser Raman spectroscopy analysis showed the typical characteristic peaks of hydrous mineral inclusions such as amphibole, mica, apatite and feldspar. CONCLUSIONS The features shown in the results reveal the water-containing characteristics of ruby and sapphire samples, which can be used to determine the natural rubies and sapphires without heat treatment.

Hemodialysis is the main alternative therapy for patients with end-stage renal disease; most of the hemodialysis centers in China are not designed together with the inpatient ward. During the hospitalization period, hemodialysis patients often move back and forth between wards and hemodialysis rooms because of the treatment needed. Hemodialysis patients are a special group of hospitalized patients, most of them are elderly patients. The overall basic diseases of the patients vary very much, and the cause of the disease is complex. Moreover, the chronic inflammation progresses slowly, and immune function declines. Some of the patient are seriously ill or even hav organ failure. All these factors affect the patients in general. Therefore, the transfer safety of patients during hospitalization is facing great challenges. The researchers reviewed the status of transshipment research in Chinese hemodialysis patients and laid the foundation for the research and development of related handover tools and perfect handover mode in the future.

Titanium dioxide/graphene (TiO2/G) composite conductive materials were prepared by modified hydrothermal method. The effects of hydrothermal temperature and the amount of graphene on the electrical conductivity of the composites were investigated. The structure, microstructure and conductivity of the composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and so on, and the optimum hydrothermal temperature and the optimum doping amount of graphene were determined. The results show that the electrical conductivity of TiO2/G is the best when the content of graphene is 5% (mass fraction), the hydrothermal temperature is 160℃, and its resistivity is 13.46Ω·cm. The nano TiO2 in the composite is a spherical anatase phase with a diameter of about 100-200nm, and it is grown uniformly on the lamellar surface of graphene. Among them, the nano TiO2 is grown on the graphene layers, which effectively prevents the agglomeration of the graphene layer, which is beneficial to the formation of conductive network between the graphene layers, improves the efficiency of electron migration, and endows the titanium dioxide composites with excellent electrical conductivity.

Molecular profiling of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) tumors of patients in a clinical trial has identified distinct transcriptomic signatures with predictive value, yet data in non-clear cell variants (nccRCC) are lacking. We examined the transcriptional profiles of RCC tumors representing key molecular pathways, from a multi-institutional, real-world patient cohort, including ccRCC and centrally reviewed nccRCC samples. ccRCC had increased angiogenesis signature scores compared with the heterogeneous group of nccRCC tumors, while cell cycle, fatty acid oxidation/AMPK signaling, and fatty acid synthesis/pentose phosphate signature scores were increased in one or more nccRCC subtypes. Among both ccRCC and nccRCC tumors, T effector scores statistically correlated with increased immune cell infiltration and were more commonly associated with immunotherapy-related markers (PD-L1+/TMBhi/MSIhi). In conclusion, this study provides evidence of differential gene transcriptional profiles among ccRCC versus nccRCC tumors, providing insights for optimizing personalized and histology-specific therapeutic strategies for patients with advanced RCC.

BACKGROUND: Management strategies for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) have rapidly shifted in recent years. As novel imaging and therapeutic approaches have made their way to the clinic, providers are encountering increasingly challenging clinical scenarios, with limited guidance from the current literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The US Prostate Cancer Conference (USPCC) is a multidisciplinary meeting of prostate cancer experts intended to address the many challenges of prostate cancer management. At the first annual USPCC meeting, areas of controversy and consensus were identified during a 2-day meeting that included expert presentations, full-panel discussions, and postdiscussion responses to questions developed by the USPCC cochairs and session moderators. RESULTS: This narrative review covers the USPCC expert discussion and perspectives relevant to mCRPC, including neuroendocrine/aggressive-variant prostate cancer (NEPC/AVPC). Areas of broad agreement identified among USPCC experts include the benefits of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors for patients with BRCA1/2 mutations, the use of radioligand therapy in patients with prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-positive mCRPC, and the need for clinical trials that address real-world clinical questions, including the performance of novel therapies when compared with modern standard-of-care treatment. Ongoing areas of controversy and uncertainty included the appropriateness of PARP inhibitors in patients with non-BRCA1/2 mutations, the optimal definition of PSMA positivity, and systemic therapies for patients with NEPC/AVPC after progression on platinum-based therapies. CONCLUSIONS: The first annual USPCC meeting identified several areas of controversy in the management of mCRPC, highlighting the urgent need for clinical trials designed to facilitate treatment selection and sequencing in this heterogeneous disease state.

PURPOSE: Castration-sensitive prostate cancer (CSPC) is a complex and heterogeneous condition encompassing a range of clinical presentations. As new approaches have expanded management options, clinicians are left with myriad questions and controversies regarding the optimal individualized management of CSPC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The US Prostate Cancer Conference (USPCC) multidisciplinary panel was assembled to address the challenges of prostate cancer management. The first annual USPCC meeting included experts in urology, medical oncology, radiation oncology, and nuclear medicine. USPCC co-chairs and session moderators identified key areas of controversy and uncertainty in prostate cancer management and organized the sessions with multidisciplinary presentations and discussion. Throughout the meeting, experts responded to questions prepared by chairs and moderators to identify areas of agreement and controversy. RESULTS: The USPCC panel discussion and question responses for CSPC-related topics are presented. Key advances in CSPC management endorsed by USPCC experts included the development and clinical utilization of gene expression classifiers and artificial intelligence (AI) models for risk stratification and treatment selection in specific patient populations, the use of advanced imaging modalities in patients with clinically localized unfavorable intermediate or high-risk disease and those with biochemical recurrence, recommendations of doublet or triplet therapy for metastatic CSPC (mCSPC), and consideration of prostate and/or metastasis-directed radiation therapy in select patients with mCSPC. CONCLUSIONS: CSPC is a diverse disease with many therapeutic options and the potential for adverse outcomes associated with either undertreatment or overtreatment. Future studies are needed to validate and clinically integrate novel technologies, including genomics, AI, and advanced imaging, to optimize outcomes among patients with CSPC.

In order to investigate the moisture property of carbon fiber reinforced resin composite stiffened panel in hygrothermal environment, moisture experiments were conducted in condition of 70℃/85%RH. Stage moisture model was proposed and moisture behaviors were analyzed by finite element method. The results show that the moisture curve of experimental result agrees with Fick's diffusion law perfectly in initial moisture stage. However, stage moisture behavior exists in later moisture period. The moisture curve of stage moisture model agrees with finite element result,with an error less than 5% compared with the experimental result. The composite stiffened panel moisture mechanism is revealed by moisture concentration distribution. Additionally, the saturated moisture rate in different thickness zones is not synchronous, which is main reason resulting in stage moisture.

Real-time monitoring of tissue temperature is required during high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) tumor treatment to ensure safety and effectiveness. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to measure tissue temperature non-invasively during HIFU treatment. This paper examined the effects of coagulation necrosis-induced tissue phase transition on magnetic resonance thermometry (MRT) during HIFU tumor treatment. With a two-state rapid exchange model, the relationship between tissue longitudinal relaxation time (T1) and temperature before and after HIFU radiation-induced coagulation necrosis/tissue phase transition were analyzed theoretically. Taking the effects of tissue phase transition into account, the experimental scheme and data processing procedures for MRT were optimized, and better temperature measurements were obtained. The work demonstrated the importance of considering the effects of tissue phase transition in real-time MRT during HIFU treatment.

Cu-WS2-graphite-WS2 nanotubes composite was fabricated by the powder metallurgy hot-pressed method. The effects of electrical current (5–15 A/cm2) and sliding velocity (5–15 m/s) on the electrical wear behaviors of the composite were investigated using a block-on-slip ring wear tester rubbing against Cu-5 wt% Ag alloy ring under 2.5 N/cm2 of applied load. The lubricating effect of WS2 nanotubes and composition of tribo-film were analyzed. The results demonstrated that the contact resistance decreases but the wear rate increases as electrical current increases, because the adverse effects of electrical current soften the materials at “a-spots” and damage the tribo-film. Due to the adsorption of gaseous molecule film on the tangential direction of slip ring surface, with the rise of sliding velocity, the contact resistance increases while the wear rate reaches the minimum at a sliding velocity of 10 m/s. The reasonable addition of WS2 nanotubes into the Cu-WS2-graphite composite to replace WS2 powder can result in a reduction of both contact resistance and wear rate. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses revealed that copper oxides, graphite, WS2 and WS2 nanotubes in the tribo-film play the main lubrication action at the tribo-interface.

The superfine fiber of thermoplastic polyimide(LPI), whose average diameter ranges from 0.36μm to 1.47μm, was prepared through electrospinning with DMAc as solvent. It lays a good foundation for the mass preparation of LPI non-woven. The influence of electrospinning process conditions, including LPI concentration, flow rate and voltage, on morphology of LPI fiber was investigated systematically. The results show that the average diameter increases and the fibers diameter distribution turns wider with the LPI concentration increasing from 22%(mass fraction, same as below) to 30%. Meanwhile, when the concentration is rather lower, some cambiform fibers can be observed. As the concentration increases, the cambiform fiber disappears. While the concentration increases continually, the fibers are adhered to be flakiness. The change of the spinning voltage makes little difference on the average diameter of fibers; the average diameter of fibers increases with the increase of the flow rate of LPI solution; when the flow rate is more than 1.5mL/h, the fibers start to be adhered, the cambiform fibers appear while the flow rate is over 1.8mL/h. Through optimizing the process, the LPI fibers with average diameter of 1.18μm were prepared under 30℃ with the conditions of 28% concentration, 15kV voltage, 1.2mL/h flow rate and the 25cm receiving distance.