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Abstract: Lipid metabolism is a complex process that includes lipid uptake, transport, synthesis, and degradation. Trace elements are vital in maintaining normal lipid metabolism in the human body. This study explores the relationship between serum trace elements and lipid metabolism Methods: In this study, we reviewed articles on the relationship between alterations in somatic levels of zinc, iron, calcium, copper, chrome, manganese, selenium, and lipid metabolism. In this systematic review and mate-analysis, databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang was searched for articles on the relationship published between January 1, 1900, and July 12, 2022. The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager5.3 (Cochrane Collaboration). Results: No significant association was found between serum zinc and dyslipidemia, while other serum trace elements (Iron, selenium, copper, chromium, and manganese) were associated with hyperlipidemia. Conclusion: The present study suggested that the human body's zinc, copper, and calcium content may be related to lipid metabolism. However, findings on lipid metabolism and Iron, Manganese have not been conclusive. In addition, the relationship between lipid metabolism disorders and selenium levels still needs to be further studied. Further research is needed on treating lipid metabolism diseases by changing trace elements.

The original study by Alessio

Layout migration is a fast methodology to generate the required layout for given circuits with different device attributes or different technology. By keeping the original layout topology, the previous design experience can help to keep the circuit performance. However, routing preservation is often not mentioned in previous layout migration techniques, which requires a complete rerouting to break the original style. Pan et al. (2015) proposed a topological slicing tree and a constrained delaunay triangulation (CDT) model to keep the routing style during migration. However, this approach may incur some missing nets after migration, which still requires tedious manual works to fix those nets. In this article, we propose a sequence pair (SP)-based placement migration methodology and a novel Cartesian detection line (CDL) model to preserve the routing styles in original layouts. By using the proposed approach, the routability information and routing behaviors can be preserved during layout migration. In order to prevent from missing nets, several refinement techniques are also proposed to fix unreasonable routing nets due to block displacement. In the experiments, the missing nets after migration can be reduced to almost zero with the proposed CDL model, which greatly reduces the extra design efforts.

The diet structure of diabetic patients is different from that of normal people. Diabetic patients also need to take hypoglycemic drugs to regulate blood sugar. Both dieting and drugs affect the gut microbiota of diabetic patients. In this letter, we discuss that different dietary patterns and the use of hypoglycemic agents may have an impact on changes in gut microbiota in diabetic patients.

There are many causes of anemia. It is unreasonable to simply associate anemia with asymptomatic ulcers in the small intestine.

The monotherapy of mTOR inhibitors (mTORi) in cancer clinical practice has achieved limited success due to the concomitant activation of compensatory pathways, such as Akt signaling and cytoprotective autophagy. Thus, the combination of mTORi and the inhibitors of these pro-survival pathways has been considered a promising therapeutic strategy. Herein, we report the synergistic effects of a natural anti-cancer agent Jolkinolide B (JB) and mTORi (temsirolimus, rapamycin, and everolimus) for the effective treatment of bladder cancer. A mechanistic study revealed that JB induced a dual inhibition of Akt feedback activation and cytoprotective autophagy, potentiating the anti-proliferative efficacy of mTORi in both PTEN-deficient and cisplatin-resistant bladder cancer cells. Meanwhile, mTORi augmented the pro-apoptotic and pro-paraptotic effects of JB by reinforcing JB-activated endoplasmic reticulum stress and MAPK pathways. These synergistic mechanisms are related to cellular reactive oxygen species accumulation. Our study suggests that dual inhibition of Akt feedback activation and cytoprotective autophagy is an effective strategy in mTORi-based therapy, and JB + mTORi combination associated with multiple anti-cancer mechanisms and good tolerance in mouse models may serve as a promising treatment for bladder cancer.

This study investigated the effects and molecular mechanisms of e-viniferin and α-viniferin in non-small cell lung cancer cell line A549, melanoma cell line A2058, and osteosarcoma cell lines HOS and U2OS. Results showed e-viniferin having antiproliferative effects on HOS, U2OS, and A549 cells. Compared with e-viniferin at the same concentration, α-viniferin had higher antiproliferative effects on HOS cells, but not the same effect on U2OS and A549 cells. Lower dose combination of α-viniferin and e-viniferin had more synergistic effects on A549 cells than either drug alone. α-Viniferin induced apoptosis in HOS cells by decreasing expression of phospho-c-Jun-N-terminal kinase 1/2 (p-JNK1/2) and increasing expression of cleaved Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), whereas α-viniferin in combination with e-viniferin induced apoptosis in A549 cells by decreasing expression of phospho-protein kinase B (p-AKT) and increasing expression of cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase-3. e-Viniferin and α-viniferin have not been studied using in vivo tumor models for cancer. This research is the first showing that e-viniferin treatment resulted in significant inhibition of tumor growth in A549-cell xenograft-bearing nude mice compared with the control group. Consequently, e-viniferin and α-viniferin may prove to be new approaches and effective therapeutic agents for osteosarcoma and lung cancer treatment.

The present study aimed to evaluate whether children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) were able to initiate requests for assistance by applying computer technology to the specific instructional ...

A facile strategy for preparing carbon-supported Co95Pt5 nanocatalysts (NCs) with low platinum (Pt) loading and high Pt utilization via thermal reduction treatment in a carbon monoxide (CO) atmosphere is reported. By cross-referencing results of microscopy, X-ray spectroscopy, and electrochemical analysis, we demonstrate that the Pt atoms tend to form disordered atomic clusters capping on the Co nanoparticle surface. The values of unfilled d-states (hTs) extracted from X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy were used to calculate the d-band vacancies of Pt. Accordingly, CoPt-CO570 (reduced in CO at 570 K) possesses the lowest hTs value (0.302) (i.e., the lowest Pt d-band vacancies) among experimental samples, indicating a strong electron relocation from Co atoms. Such electron relocations are attributed to the high extent of the heteroatomic intermix between Pt and Co atoms and thus improves the oxygen reduction reaction activity of CoPt-CO570. For providing further evidence, structural and electrochemic...

During the curing cycle, the residual stress has influence on cure-induced deformation for carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) laminates, which is highly susceptible to the ply design. Therefore, the change laws of strain and the effect of residual stress in CFRP laminates after curing, which is of great significance to ply design, were cleared by using the combining pattern of thermocouple and fibre Bragg grating (FBG) sensors. For the FBG sensors embedded with different directions in lay-up CFRP laminates, the temperature and strain in different directions of composite laminates were obtained in real-time. Monitoring results show that compared with strain in 45° direction, the carbon fibers (CF) act stronger to inhibit strain in 0° direction and weaker to inhibit strain in 90° direction of resin. After curing, the residual strain in 0° direction is tensile strain, and the residual strain in 45° direction and 90° direction are compressive strain. Meanwhile the value of residual strain in 90° direction is greater than that in 45° direction.

The uncontrollable forming quality of component caused by the uncontrollable expansion pressure of silicon rubber mandrel has long been an unsolved problem in the fabrication of composite hat-shaped components. Here,we advanced a novel mandrel pressurization method combining silicon rubber mandrel and inflatable mold. Cure experiments were carried out based on the combined mandrel with different adjustable apertures. At the same time, the resin pressure of the components was monitored on-line during the curing process by using a self-built pressure on-line monitoring system, and their geometric accuracies and forming quality were evaluated. The experimental results show that the combined mandrel forming method can control the uniformity of pressure, geometric accuracies and forming quality of the hat-shaped component effectively, and the optimal size range is obtained with the hole ratio of 0.4~0.53. Compared with the traditional auxiliary forming method, combined mandrel pressurization method greatly reduces the requirements on the size of the mandrel structure and broadens the process window of the mandrel for the curing of hat-shaped component.

This article studies the flow trajectories and the wear law of sediment particles in a pump considering multiple variables, such as sediment concentration, particle size, and cavitation stage. In addition, the mechanism of joint effects of cavitation and sediment wear of the axial-flow pump is explored. In this work, the characteristics of cavitation and sediment wear in an axial-flow pump are investigated by the numerical simulation using shear stress transport k–ω turbulence model with experimental validation. The external characteristics of experimental results and numerical simulations are in agreement. The results show that the sediment concentration exerts a profound influence on the vacuole distribution in the pump, while the particle size has little effect on it. Cavitation can increase the volume fraction of the solid, accelerate the wear on the components, and affect the sediment distribution in the impeller. Cavitation and sediment wear are mutually worsening, and their joint effects will form a vicious circle. With the decrease in inlet pressure and the increase in sediment concentration and particle size, the maximum wear rate will gradually increase, which proves that cavitation, sediment concentration, and particle size are the main factors that influence the maximum wear rate.

In order to improve design productivity, proper layout automation tools are desired for analog circuits. Layout migration is one possible approach to generate a new layout for given circuits with different device sizes or different technology, and still keep the original layout topology. However, routing behaviors are often not mentioned in previous works, which requires a complete rerouting that may not follow the original style. Pan [16] first proposed a Constrained Delaunay Triangulation (CDT) based model to keep the routing behavior during layout migration. However, because the device sizes and related distance may be different in the new layout, some reference lines in CDT models may be removed, resulting in some missing nets after migration. In this paper, a novel Cartesian Detection Line (CDL) based model is proposed to preserve the routing behavior in original layouts. Because alternative lines in the modified placement can be easily found to prevent from missing nets, the proposed CDL model greatly improves the routing completeness during layout migration. Several routing refinement techniques are also proposed to solve the routing issues due to block displacement. In our experiments, the routing completeness can be improved to almost 100% with the proposed CDL model, which greatly reduces the design efforts.

In this study, carbon-supported CoPtAg nanoparticles with different atomic ratios have been reduced under CO atmosphere and applied as electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). These samples with low Pt loading have comparable ORR activity and stability to Pt/C. An appropriate amount of Ag addition like 5 at % can effectively promote the performance of CoPt owing to the modification of the oxophilicity. Then carbon-supported Co90Pt5Ag5 nanoparticles with different atomic arrangements have been reduced by different agents. The coordination numbers of Pt-Co and Co-Co (CNPt-Co and CNCo-Co) of catalysts are related to their ORR activity and stability, respectively. Co90 sample with Ag and Pt randomly distributing within the Co matrix has high CNCo-Co, which does not have positive effect on the ORR performance. On the other hand, Co90-1 sample with Ag and Pt cores within the Co matrix has the highest CNPt-Co and ORR activity ascribed to the electronic modification effect. However, it losses 32% ORR activity after accelerated durability test of 1000 cycles due to high CNCo-Co. Co90-2 with Pt in the inner core and Ag on the outer shell structure has moderate CNPt-Co, very low CNCo-Co, and un-filled d-states, which not only modify the oxophilicity but also benefit the ORR stability with a decay rate of 21%. We have demonstrated the atomic arrangement-performance relationship of highly stable and low Pt catalysts.

High-quality perovskite CsPbBr3 quantum dots (QDs-CsPbBr3) were prepared using the ultrasonic oscillation method, which is simple and provides variable yield according to requirements. The emission spectra over a large portion of the visible spectral region (450&ndash, 650 nm) of QD-CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, and I) have tunable compositions that can be halide exchanged using the halide anion exchange technique and quantum size-effects. A strong peak with high intensity of (200) lattice plane of purified QDs-CsPbBr3 film is obtained, confirming the formation of an orthorhombic perovskite crystal structure of the Pnma space group. The photoluminescence of QDs-CsPbBr3 was characterized using a narrow line-width emission of 20 nm, with high quantum yields of up to 99.2%, and radioactive lifetime increasing to 26 ns. Finally, through the excellent advantages of QDs-CsPbBr3 mentioned above, purified perovskite QDs-CsPbBr3 as an active layer was utilized in perovskite quantum dot light-emitting diodes structure applications. As a result, the perovskite QDs-CsPbBr3 light-emitting diodes (LEDs) exhibits a turn-on voltage of 7 V and a maximum luminance of 5.1 cd/m2.

Recombinases have been exploited in synthetic biology as a technique to engineer genetic circuits for various application tasks. Prior works mostly studied the construction of combinational or sequential circuits with deterministic behavior. Nevertheless, nondeterminism is ubiquitous in biochemical systems and is an essential resource to enable various biochemical processes, such as cell differentiation and pattern formation. In this work, we study the synthesis of nondeterministic recombinase-based genetics circuits specified by a Boolean relation. We develop methods to create nondeterminism and synthesize the intended nondeterministic circuit. The synthesis methodology is experimented to evaluate the effectiveness of DNA sequence length reduction in the constructed genetic circuits.

In this study, we have investigated the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity and durability of Co-based catalysts mechanistically. CoPt/C catalysts with a Pt loading of 7 wt% and Au modification have been prepared and shown excellent ORR performance. The various as-prepared CoPt/C and CoPtAu/C catalysts have about 2.6–9.2 times higher mass activity than commercial Pt/C. The mechanistic insight obtained by density functional theory calculations has shown that the enhanced activity is attributable to the fact that Co-based catalysts can easily dissociate surface O2* without the high-barrier protonation step and efficiently remove the dissociated O*. The improved stability, 1000th decay = 14.6%, corresponds to the fact that the core Au can resist the shrinkage of surface Pt during the accelerated durability test.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major cause of liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. Chronic HBV infection is currently managed with either nucleoside/nucleotide-based or interferon-based therapies, but fails to clear infection in a substantial proportion of cases, and antiviral strategies targeting the early stages of infection are therefore required for the prevention of HBV infection. In this study, we examined some common phytochemicals and identified epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) as a new inhibitor of HBV entry. EGCG, a flavonoid present in green tea extract, belongs to the subclass of catechins. We demonstrated that EGCG at a concentration of 50μM inhibited HBV entry into immortalized human primary hepatocytes by more than 80%, whereas the other four catechins tested had much weaker inhibitory effects. DMSO-differentiated HuS-E/2 cells expressed sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP), which is a receptor for HBV. Application of EGCG during HBV inoculation markedly inhibited infection in both DMSO-differentiated HuS-E/2 cells and HA-NTCP-expressing Huh7 cells. Interestingly, EGCG induced clathrin-dependent endocytosis of NTCP from the plasma membrane followed by protein degradation. In addition, EGCG inhibited the clathrin-mediated endocytosis of transferrin. Treatment of cells with EGCG had no effect on HBV genome replication or virion secretion. Moreover, the characteristic of HBV virion and the expression of known HBV entry factors were unaltered by EGCG. Finally, the antiviral activity of EGCG on HBV entry was observed using four different genotypes, A to D. These results show that the green tea-derived molecule EGCG potently inhibits HBV entry and could be used in prevention of HBV reinfection.

High definition (HD) camera is widely used in surveillance systems. An HD camera with optical zoom is useful for monitoring a large area. However, it is inconvenient for a user to manually control the optical zoom for a long time. To exploit the functionality and extend the application domains of a HD camera, the zooming should be controlled automatically. Therefore, an automatic zooming mechanism is proposed in this paper. When the number of an object is small in the field of view (FOV) of the camera and an object is moving through the FOV, the zoom is controlled for capturing the object as clear as possible. A clear object image is useful for related image-based services, such as face recognition. In order to achieve the above goal, a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), temporal image differencing, a CamShift tracking method, and a Kalman filter are utilized for object detection and tracking. Then, an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is used to learn and determine a suitable value for adjusting the zoom. According to the experimental study of the prototype, the results show that the proposed mechanism is useful to capture the clear images of moving objects in a practical environment. A face detection algorithm is also used to demonstrate the feasibility of the captured clear images.

High definition (HD) camera is widely used in surveillance systems. An HD camera with optical zoom is useful for monitoring a large area. However, it is inconvenient for a user to manually control the optical zoom for a long time. To exploit the functionality and extend the application domains of a HD camera, the zooming should be controlled automatically. An automatic zooming mechanism is proposed in this paper. When an object moves through the field of view (FOV) of the camera, the zoom is controlled for capturing the object as clear as possible. In order to achieve the above goal, a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), temporal image differencing, a CamShift tracking method, and a Kalman filter are utilized for object detection and tracking. Then, an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is used to learn and determine a suitable value for adjusting the zoom. According to the experimental study of the prototype, the results show that the proposed mechanism is useful to capture the clear images of moving objects in a practical environment.