Search

En el presente estudio se determinaron las concentraciones de cadmio (Cd), plomo (Pb) y cobre (Cu) en el tejido muscular de camarón café Farfantepenaeus aztecus obtenidos de la parte del sur de la laguna de Tamiahua, Veracruz, durante el período de enero-agosto del 2004. Las concentraciones de los metales se midieron con un espectrofotómetro de absorción atómica utilizando horno de grafito. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que las concentraciones de Cd y Pb en el músculo de los camarones estuvieron por debajo de los límites máximos permisibles para la comercialización de crustáceos según la Norma Oficial Mexicana (NOM-029-SSA1, 1993) y la Comisión Europea (EC, 2002). Las concentraciones de Cu fueron superiores a las de Pb y Cd; sin embargo, este elemento aún no está legislado y la concentración fue muy similar a las encontradas en otros crustáceos decápodos. Se encontraron diferencias significativas (p

The yellowlegs shrimp Penaeus californiensis is an oceanic species that approaches the coastal zone for its reproduction. However, in the southern Gulf of California, this species also enters coastal lagoons to grow and reproduce. To test the hypothesis that the growth of P. californiensis differs between these two environments, monthly samplings of shrimp were made in the interior of the Navachiste coastal lagoon and its adjacent marine area. To determine growth, age groups were identified using the size structures over time. Five cases of the Schnute model were adjusted to the data, and the best case was selected using a multi-model selection approach. A sigmoid-shaped curve best represented the female data (case 2), and the inverted exponential curve (case 5; equivalent to the Von Bertalanffy growth function) was best for males. Average growth differed between sexes (p = 0.0097) but not between environments (p = 0.559). Resumen: El camarón café, Penaeus californiensis , se considera oceánico que se acerca a la zona litoral para su reproducción. Sin embargo, en el sur del Golfo de California se ha observado que también ingresa a lagunas costeras para crecer y reproducirse. Para probar la hipótesis de que el crecimiento de P. californiensis difiere en estos dos ambientes, se realizaron muestreos mensuales de camarones en la zona litoral y al interior de la Laguna de Navachiste. Para determinar el crecimiento se identificaron grupos de edad en las estructuras de tallas a través del tiempo. Cinco casos del modelo de Schnute se ajustaron a los datos y se seleccionó el mejor usando selección multi-modelo. La curva de forma sigmoidea es la que mejor describió los datos de las hembras (caso 2) y la exponencial invertida (caso 5; equivalente a la función de crecimiento de Von Bertalanffy) fue la mejor para machos. El crecimiento promedio difirió entre sexos (p = 0.0097) pero no entre ambientes (p = 0.559). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Instituto Oceanografico de Venezuela (Boletin) is the property of Universidad de Oriente and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Biologia Marina y Oceanografía (RBMO) is the property of Universidad de Valparaiso, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Controlling oxidative stress in shrimps under culture conditions is of vital importance to ensure that males have an optimal physiological status. The use of diets supplemented with vitamins are widely used for this purpose. We evaluated the effects of vitamin C on the metabolic, antioxidant, and immune responses of Penaeus brasiliensis Latreille, 1817 broodstock males under culture conditions. A formulated diet was used as a control (16 mg kg–1 of total ascorbic acid (vitamin C) content) and three diets were prepared with three vitamin C levels: 322 mg kg–1 (Diet A), 628 mg kg–1 (Diet B), and 934 mg kg–1 (Diet C). Triglycerides, cholesterol, glucose, and prophenoloxidase, total proteins, and quantity and type of hemocytes in the hemolymph were determined. We also quantified the antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) and lipid peroxidation in the reproductive tract. Differentially expressed genes of the immune system, namely those of α-2 macroglobulin (α2M), peneidin (Pen), hemocyanin, prophenoloxidase, and the genes encoding the antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, and Gpx were quantified in the tract. Sperm quantity and quality were recorded. In males fed Diet C, the lowest cholesterol values and triglycerides obtained in the hemolymph were not significantly different from those fed the control diet (P < 0.05); those fed Diet C showed the highest amount of hyaline hemocytes, the lowest CAT enzyme activity, and the highest Gpx activity. The immune system genes only showed differences between α2M and Pen; sperm quantity and quality were not affected by diet. The results indicated that Diet C (13.9 g kg–1 vitamin C) was effective for the maintenance of P. brasiliensis broodstock males because it controlled cholesterol and triglyceride levels; there was less CAT activity and less activation of the immune system mediated by hemocytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluated the combined use of the brown seaweeds Sargassum filipendula (S) and Undaria pinnatifida (U) dry biomass as feed additive for Pacific white shrimp reared in biofloc system, and its effect on shrimp performance, gut microbiota, hemato-immunological parameters, resistance to acute thermal stress and challenge with White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) associated with thermal fluctuation. Prior to stocking, it filled each tank with water from a biofloc matrix tank (160 L) + seawater (240 L, salinity: 33 g L−1), then stocked with 300 shrimp m−3 (~ 3.8 g). During the experiment (five weeks), shrimp were fed three diets: without (control) and with 1%:2% and 1%:4% (S:U) of seaweed addition (all in quadruplicate); and alkalinity was maintained above 150 mg L−1 with calcium hydroxide and solids between 400–600 mg L−1 using clarifiers. No significant differences were found in survival, feed conversion ratio, and growth among treatments. Shrimp from 1S:2U treatment showed the highest gut bacterial diversity. Additionally, animals from seaweed-fed treatments, especially 1S:2U, displayed lower abundance of Vibrionaceae and higher of Flavobacteriaceae compared to control. Only shrimp from 1S:4U treatment showed higher hemato-immunological parameters (except total hemocyte count) than control. Animals from 1S:2U had lower cumulative mortality (27%) than 1S: 4U (48%) and control (50%) after acute thermal stress. Meanwhile, shrimp from 1S:2U (26%) and 1S:2U (34%) showed lower cumulative mortality after WSSV challenge + thermal fluctuation than control (68%). Therefore, the dietary addition of both brown seaweeds caused beneficial physiological effects for L. vannamei without impairing its performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various ecosystems of the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) may be impacted by the present increase in offshore oil exploitation. To identify future changes caused by this activity, we assessed the structure of the megabenthos community in the Perdido Fold Belt (PFB) and its relationships with environmental variables, hydrocarbons, and heavy metals. To achieve this, biological and sediment samples were obtained during the surveys Perdido II (PII) and Perdido III (PIII). 325.75 103 ind km−2 and 582.34 kg AFDW km−2 were collected, distributed in 110 species. Crustaceans and echinoderms comprised more than 70% of the total abundance and biomass. The most abundant species were Astropecten cingulatus Sladen, 1883, Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, 1896, Astropecten duplicatus Gray, 1840, and Penaeus aztecus (Ives, 1891) (12.2 103 ≤ ind Km−2 ≤ 59.4 103). They also had the greatest biomass contribution (16.8 ≤ kg AFDW km−2 ≤ 192.2). BIOENV test showed the influence of depth (Z), salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), Acenaphthylene (Acy), Fluoranthene (Flu), n-C12, n-C37, and nickel (Ni) on the community structure. Recruitment and trawling also influenced the abundance and biomass values. Despite Z defines the environmental gradient, the hydrocarbon concentration gradient within the shelf areas makes it a good candidate for developing monitoring programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Mexico, shrimp catch is the main fishing activity, and the second important species is the blue shrimp, Penaeus stylirostris. Specimens of P. stylirostris collected in 2016-2018 from inland waters (bay) and offshore (littoral) in the Santa María la Reforma lagoon (SMLR) system were analysed. The sexes were separated, and then individuals were measured in total length (L , mm) and weighed (W , g). The data were transformed into a natural logarithm and were adjusted to seven candidate models with a multi-model approach (Linear, Quadratic, Cubic, Broken stick, Two segments, Three segments and Four segments: the last two proposed in this study as new equations). A total of 30 439 specimens were analysed. Statistical differences were found in L between areas (KS test, p < 0.0001). Positive and negative allometry was observed according to biometric relationship and sex. The best model was selected with the lowest value of the Akaike information criterion, resulting in the choice of the Four segments model. Resumen: En México la captura de camarón es la principal actividad pesquera y la segunda especie en importancia es el camarón azul Penaeus stylirostris. Se analizaron especímenes de P. stylirostris en aguas interiores (bahía) y exteriores (ribera) del sistema lagunar Santa María la Reforma de 2016 a 2018. A los organismos se les determinó la longitud total (L) en mm y su peso (P) en g. Los sexos se diferenciaron por dimorfismo sexual. Los datos fueron transformados a logaritmo natural y fueron ajustados a siete modelos candidatos con un enfoque múlti-modelo (Lineal, Cuadrático, Cúbico, Línea Rota, Dos segmentos, Tres segmentos y Cuatro segmentos). En total se analizaron 30 439 organismos. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticas en L entre las zonas de captura (prueba KS, p < 0.0001). Se observó una alometría positiva y negativa de acuerdo con la relación biométrica y sexo. El mejor modelo se seleccionó con el menor valor del criterio de información de Akaike, resultando ser el de Cuatro segmentos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Abanico Veterinario is the property of Sistema Superior Editorial and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Abanico Veterinario is the property of Sistema Superior Editorial and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad is the property of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Biologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In recent years, the small pelagic fishery on the Pacific northwest coast of Mexico has significantly increased fishing pressure on thread herring Opisthonema spp. This fishery is regulated using a precautionary approach (acceptable biological catch (ABC) and minimum catch size). However, due to fishing dynamics, fish aggregation habits and increased fishing mortality, periodic biomass assessments are necessary to estimate ABC and assess the resource status. The Catch-MSY approach was used to analyze historical series of thread herring catches off the western Baja California Sur (BCS, 1981–2018) and the Gulf of California (GC, 1972–2018) to estimate exploitable biomass and target reference points in order to obtain catch quotas. According to the results, in GC, the maximum biomass reached in 1972 (at the beginning of fishery) and minimum biomass reached in 2015; the estimated exploitable biomass for 2019 was 42.2×104 t; and the maximum sustainable yield (MSY) was 15.4×104 t. In the western BCS coast, the maximum biomass was reached in 1981 (at the beginning of fishery) and minimum biomass was reached in 2017; the estimated exploitable biomass for 2019 was 3.2×104 t; and the MSY was 1.2×104 t. Both stocks showed a decrease in biomass over the past years and were currently near to point of full exploitation. The results suggest that the use of the Catch-MSY method is suitable to obtain annual biomass estimates, in order to establish an ABC, to know the current state of the resource, and to avoid overcoming the potential recovery of the stocks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Gulf of California is the most productive fishing region in Mexico; its ecosystems contain a vast diversity of species with exploitation potential, some of them potentially vulnerable to climate change. This research was conducted to analyze, through habitat suitability models, the possible alterations in the distribution of the three shrimp species of the most importance for commercial fishing in the region: Litopenaeus stylirostris, Litopenaeus vannamei, and Farfantepenaeus californiensis. Habitat suitability models were built using the MaxEnt software, primary productivity data, temperature, salinity, bathymetry, substratum, coastal type, and geo-referenced occurrence records of the three species. Of the data, 70% was used on training, while the remaining 30% was used for validation. To make estimates of climate change impact on this fishery, projections on distribution of the three species from environmental forecasts generated by the intergovernmental panel on climate change until 2100 were made. The used model, that is in full development and expansion, could be considered as an applicable tool to other problems and showed efficiency rates above 90%. The species will maintain most of their historical distribution, but L. stylirostris and L. vannamei will have a new distribution area within the zones of the Magdalena-Almejas Bay and the Gulf of Ulloa, with an increase of 80% and 148% respectively; all species will have loss areas in the proportion of 16%, 2%, and 11%, respectively, along the southern Gulf of California. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to assess the patterns in the spatial distribution, size structure, morphometric relationships, and relationships of biomass and size to sampling depth and distance to the coast of Penaeus notialis in the Colombian Caribbean. The biological data were collected on board a shrimp trawler. The females were larger and heavier than the males, which indicated distinct sexual dimorphism in body size. The cephalothorax length at 50% maturity in females was 26.49 mm, and in males, it was 15.13 mm. Relatively high biomass values were found in the southern zone of the study area at depths between 25.6 and 49.3 m and between 3.94 and 7.80 nmi (= 7.29-14.45 km) from the coast. We found a clear spatial structure of biomass and size in relation to depth, so that the fishing effort can be directed to the locations of the adult population. Resumen: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los patrones de distribución espacial, estructura de tallas, relaciones morfométricas, y relaciones de la biomasa y tallas con la profundidad y distancia de la costa de Penaeus notialis en el Caribe colombiano. Los datos biológicos fueron tomados a bordo de un barco camaronero arrastrero. Las hembras fueron más grandes y pesadas que los machos, mostrando un distinto dimorfismo sexual en tamaño. La longitud al 50% de madurez del cefalotórax en hembras fue 26.486 mm y en machos 15.134 mm. Valores relativamente altos de biomasa fueron encontrados en la zona sur del área de estudio, en profundidades entre 25.6 y 49.3 m y distancia de la costa de 3.94 a 7.80 nmi (= 7.29-14.45 km). Se encontró una clara estructura especial de la biomasa y las tallas relacionadas con la profundidad, para que el esfuerzo se pueda dirigir donde la población adulta está localizada. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rapidly expanding global aquaculture requires sustainable, local protein sources to supplement the use of fishmeal. Lupin seed meal (Lupinus angustifolius) was tested as sustainable diet component for Whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Controlled feeding experiments were conducted in a recirculating aquaculture system for eight weeks. Juvenile shrimps were provided formulated diets containing various levels of lupin meal inclusion (0, 100, 200 and 300 g kg−1) supplementing the fishmeal component, and a commercial feed as general reference. Shrimp survival, growth, metabolic and immune parameters were analysed. Survival did not differ significantly between groups. Growth performance was significantly impaired in shrimp fed diets containing more than 100 g kg−1 lupin meal. Lupin meal supplementation did not affect haemolymph protein content, whereas glucose and acylglyceride concentrations varied between treatments and were highest in animals fed the 100 g kg−1 lupin meal diet. Phenoloxidase activity was highest in shrimp fed 100 g kg−1 lupin meal diet indicating improved immune status. The present study indicates that low inclusion levels of lupin meal do not cause adverse effects and seem to stimulate the immune system of juvenile L. vannamei. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Espacios is the property of Talleres de Impresos Oma and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of FAO Fisheries & Aquaculture Report is the property of Food & Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad is the property of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Biologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Biologia Marina y Oceanografía (RBMO) is the property of Universidad de Valparaiso, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article presents a study about the impact of trawling and the absence of selectiveness of fishing gear to the incidental capture of discarded species at the artisanal fishery in the Gulf of California, Mexico. It highlights the abundance of flatfishes caught as bycatch in bottom-trawls that cause fishing pressure. It cites several types of flatfishes including Paralichthys woolmani, Etropus crossotus, Citharichthys fragilis, Citharichthys gilberti, Achirus mazatlanus and Syacium ovale.

Copyright of Ra Ximhai is the property of Universidad Autonoma Indigena de Mexico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective was to analyse the relative growth and size structure of Achelous spinicarpus associated with trawling in Veracruz. The organisms came from shrimp trawls carried out in July 2013. There were 45 trawls organized in two depth intervals (B: 22 to 46 m and C: >46 m) and 14 fishing quadrants. Abundance, mean and standard deviation, by sex and depth interval, and sex ratio were determined. An ANOVA was applied to compare CW means, depth intervals and fishing quadrants. The CW-weight relationship was obtained, and growth type was also determined. Length-frequency analyses were carried out. A total of 2377 crabs were collected, 1164 males and 713 females. The overall average CW was 3.65 ± 0.7677 cm, the minimum value was 1.50 cm, and the maximum was 6.00 cm. For males, the average CW was 3.65 ± 0.8242 cm, with1.50 cm minimum value and 6.00 cm maximum value. The average CW of females was 3.64 ± 0.6164 cm, with 1.60 cm minimum value and 5.90 cm maximum value. There were no statistically significant differences in CW between males and females. However, there were significant differences between depth intervals (B and C) for the total and sex CW data. The sex ratio was 2.94:1 and 2.05:1 for depth intervals B and C, and 2.33:1 for the total data set. Growth type was allometric negative for both sexes and overall, with significant differences in slopes between sexes. There was a unimodal pattern for the two fishing depth intervals and for each sex; crabs were between 2.40 and 4.00 cm (77.64%) and between 2.56 and 5.12 (91.12%) for the B and C intervals, respectively. In males, 88.46% were between 2.40 and 4.80 cm, and 90.46% of females were between 2.72 and 4.64 cm. Achelous spinicarpus is an essential species in the structure of the brachyuran assemblage and in benthic communities, as well as a food resource for various species of demersal fish. Thus, the present study provides information on the population subjected to the impact of fishing activity in the area, allowing comparisons between different populations in the species' area of distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this research is to assess the main social and economic effects on local fishermen in El Golfo de Santa Clara, as a result of the severe fishing restrictions enforced to protect the marine mammal “vaquita” (Phocoena sinus). Sustainable development includes natural resources conservation and the improvement of the social and economic conditions of local inhabitants. In Mexico, the vaquita is in imminent danger of extinction. It is a marine cetacean endemic to the Upper Gulf of California. Conservation measures to save this species, such as gear-switching and transformation subsidies from fishing activities to tourist services, have caused severe social and economic impacts on the local fishermen of this region. Presently, it is estimated that there are only 30 vaquita individuals left in the wild, and none are in captivity. In this study, we conduct surveys of the human local population involved in the incidental bycatch fishing of the vaquita, and also use secondary sources to come up with recommendations, based on taking into account stakeholder needs. For this fishing community the economic and social problems have worsened because currently there are limited economic activity options in the area for the human population, and the vaquita population continues to decline. Recommendations are offered to contribute to the ecological sustainability of this species, and for economic and social sustainability of local fishermen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]