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Phubbing, a pervasive social behavior linked to smartphone usage, involves users neglecting their conversation partners to engage with their phones. Despite consistent exploration of its association with the concept of fear of missing out (FOMO), findings in the existing literature exhibit notable inconsistency. To address this gap, this study employs a systematic review and meta-analysis to scrutinize the intricate relationship between phubbing behavior and FOMO. A comprehensive systematic review, spanning up to December 10, 2023, encompassed databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, and Google Scholar. The resulting dataset comprised 27 eligible studies, incorporating insights from 20,415 participants across 15 countries. Rigorous evaluation of study quality was executed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale, while statistical analyses were meticulously conducted using R Studio. Revealing a robust positive association, phubbing behavior was significantly linked to FOMO (effect size[ES] = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.36, 0.49, I2: 97.5%, τ2: 0.05). Correcting for detected publication bias using the Trim and Fill method, an additional 16 studies were included, fortifying the robustness of the findings. Moderation analysis uncovered significant influences of location (p < 0.01), income level (p < 0.01), sampling method (p < 0.01), phubbing scale (p < 0.01), and FOMO scale and type (p < 0.01) on the estimated relationship. Univariate meta-regression highlighted the substantial impact of sample size (R2 = 11.81%, p < 0.01), while multivariate meta-regression illuminated the combined effects of publication year, study quality score, sample size, mean age, and female proportion on the estimated relationship (k = 19, R2 = 52.85%, I2 = 93.78%, p < 0.05). Furthermore, post hoc influential analysis, conducted through the leave-one-out method, offered additional depth to the examination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although research results so far indicate that personality traits are associated with phubbing, the results of different studies are not always consistent. Therefore, in the current study, we decided to broaden the knowledge and to explore which personality traits are related and explain phubbing in adolescents and whether Internet addiction is a significant mediator of this relationship. The study participants were 430 adolescents aged 13–17, who completed a self-report measurement of personality traits, phubbing/phone obsession and communication disturbance, and Internet addiction. Among the obtained results: (a) phubbing in adolescents was significantly associated with agreeableness and conscientiousness (b) neuroticism was the most significant predictor of phubbing in adolescents, i.e. the higher the neuroticism, the higher the phubbing, (c) significant, mediation of the relationship between personality traits and phubbing through Internet addiction was observed, i.e. the higher the conscientiousness, the lower the Internet addiction and the lower both the phone obsession and communication disturbance. These results emphasise the important role of mediators in the relationship between personality traits and phubbing in adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Lombard effect is an unconscious reflex of speakers to increase vocal effort when disturbed by noise, aiming to enhance speech intelligibility. This study aims to evaluate the effect of noise with different energetic content and levels at various frequencies on the Lombard effect, communication disturbance, vocal comfort, and speech intelligibility. Twenty university students participated in the study, reading a six-sentence excerpt and performing an intelligibility test under 12 randomized noise conditions. These conditions included noises at low (20–500 Hz), medium (500–4000 Hz), and high frequencies (4000–20,000 Hz), at four levels (45 dB, 55 dB, 65 dB, 75 dB). After each condition, participants rated their perceived communication disturbance and vocal discomfort. The results indicated that noise with energetic content at medium frequencies produced the highest Lombard effect, produced the most detrimental effect on communication disturbance and vocal comfort, and caused the strongest decrease in speech intelligibility, whereas it was minimally affected by low- and high-frequency noise. In conclusion, this study highlights that medium-frequency noise has the greatest impact on vocal effort, communication disturbance, and vocal comfort, while low- and high-frequency noise has minimal effect on speech intelligibility.

The Lombard effect is an unconscious reflex of speakers to increase vocal effort when disturbed by noise, aiming to enhance speech intelligibility. This study aims to evaluate the effect of noise with different energetic content and levels at various frequencies on the Lombard effect, communication disturbance, vocal comfort, and speech intelligibility. Twenty university students participated in the study, reading a six-sentence excerpt and performing an intelligibility test under 12 randomized noise conditions. These conditions included noises at low (20–500 Hz), medium (500–4000 Hz), and high frequencies (4000–20,000 Hz), at four levels (45 dB, 55 dB, 65 dB, 75 dB). After each condition, participants rated their perceived communication disturbance and vocal discomfort. The results indicated that noise with energetic content at medium frequencies produced the highest Lombard effect, produced the most detrimental effect on communication disturbance and vocal comfort, and caused the strongest decrease in speech intelligibility, whereas it was minimally affected by low- and high-frequency noise. In conclusion, this study highlights that medium-frequency noise has the greatest impact on vocal effort, communication disturbance, and vocal comfort, while low- and high-frequency noise has minimal effect on speech intelligibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Phubbing is defined as ignoring other individuals by using a mobile phone during a face-to-face conversation. The Phubbing Scale (PS) was developed to assess this practice. In this study, we analyze the psychometric properties of the 8-item version of the PS (PS-8) in the Portuguese population, providing validity evidence based on internal structure and on relationships with other variables, and examining item properties, reliability, and measurement invariance across gender. Participants were 391 Portuguese adults (132 men, 259 women) who completed a battery of questionnaires. Confirmatory factor analysis yielded satisfactory goodness-of-fit indices for the two-factor structure (communication disturbance and phone obsession), which was invariant across gender. Item homogeneity and reliability of factor scores (McDonald’s omega) were satisfactory. Validity evidence based on relationships with other variables was provided by positive associations with time spent on the Internet on weekdays and at the weekend, time spent on social networking sites, number of social networks used, Internet addiction, problematic mobile phone use, Facebook intrusion, fear of missing out, and depression. These associations show the addictive component of phubbing and its relationship with mental health. The PS-8 is a short and easy-to-administer scale with adequate psychometric properties for measuring phubbing in the Portuguese population.

Phubbing is defined as ignoring other individuals by using a mobile phone during a face-to-face conversation. The Phubbing Scale (PS) was developed to assess this practice. In this study, we analyze the psychometric properties of the 8-item version of the PS (PS-8) in the Portuguese population, providing validity evidence based on internal structure and on relationships with other variables, and examining item properties, reliability, and measurement invariance across gender. Participants were 391 Portuguese adults (132 men, 259 women) who completed a battery of questionnaires. Confirmatory factor analysis yielded satisfactory goodness-of-fit indices for the two-factor structure (communication disturbance and phone obsession), which was invariant across gender. Item homogeneity and reliability of factor scores (McDonald's omega) were satisfactory. Validity evidence based on relationships with other variables was provided by positive associations with time spent on the Internet on weekdays and at the weekend, time spent on social networking sites, number of social networks used, Internet addiction, problematic mobile phone use, Facebook intrusion, fear of missing out, and depression. These associations show the addictive component of phubbing and its relationship with mental health. The PS-8 is a short and easy-to-administer scale with adequate psychometric properties for measuring phubbing in the Portuguese population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pathological phubbing behavior has become an increasingly prevalent issue in recent years yet research surrounding these technological concerns remains scarce. The current study seeks to contribute to this limited body of research by providing insight into the antecedents of excessive and severe phubbing behavior and potential risk factors of pathological technology use as a whole. 938 undergraduate students participated in a cross-sectional study to determine whether demographic variables, personality traits, and degrees of social media addiction and fear of missing out could explain phubbing behavior. Participants responded to a survey that included the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS), Fear of Missing Out Scale (FoMO), Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI), and Phubbing Scale (Phubbing). Bivariate correlations identified that BSMAS and FoMO were significantly positively correlated with phubbing while TIPI displayed a significantly negative correlation with phubbing. Further, hierarchical multiple regression analyses established that BSMAS holds the most predictive power for phubbing while FoMO displayed a significantly less robust predictive power. TIPI was shown to be significant but served less to explain the variance in phubbing behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Phubbing is an increasingly common behavior that involves using a smartphone in a social setting of two or more people and interacting with the phone rather than with the other people. Research to date on phubbing has measured it using different scales or single questions, and therefore standard measures with appropriate psychometric properties are needed to improve its assessment. The aim of our study was to develop a Spanish version of the Phubbing Scale and to examine its psychometric properties: factor structure, reliability, and concurrent validity. Method: Participants were 759 Spanish adults between 18 and 68 years of age. They completed an online survey. Results: The results support a structure that is consistent with the original validation study, with two factors: Communication Disturbance and Phone Obsession. Internal consistency was found to be adequate. Evidence of concurrent validity was provided via a hierarchical regression model that showed positive associations with measures of internet addiction, Facebook intrusion, and fear of missing out. Conclusions: These results indicate that the Spanish version of the Phubbing Scale exhibits appropriate psychometric properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, mathematical models of hierarchical multi‐agent systems (HMSs) are first proposed to demonstrate the hierarchical structure of multi‐agent systems. Communication disturbance is also considered in HMSs since disturbance often appears when information is transmitted among agents due to various uncertainties such as model unsteadiness and external noise. Radial basis function neural networks are applied to approximate the non‐linear functions of the communication disturbance. Then, by applying a backstepping method based on the hierarchical structure of HMSs, a simple condition is derived to ensure the stability of HMSs with disturbance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]