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Na primeru flore slovenskih gozdov smo obravnavali štiri funkcionalne znake rastlin: specifična listna površina (SLP), vsebnost suhe snovi v listih (VSS), višina rastlin (VIŠ) in masa semen oz. spor (MAS). Prva dva znaka nakazujeta ekonomiko lista (način in učinkovitost izrabe virov), druga dva pa velikost rastlinskih organov. Preučili smo povezave med znaki rastlin in njihovimi fitoindikacijskimi vrednostmi za ekološke dejavnike svetloba (L), temperatura (T), kontinentalnost (K), vlažnost tal (F), reakcija tal (R) in hranila (N). Ugotovili smo statistično značilne korelacije: med SLP in R, N, L, F ter K med VSS in R ter N med VIŠ in N, T, R ter F med MAS in K, R, N ter T. Vzdolž prve osi ordinacijskega prostora smo prepoznali spekter listne ekonomike, ki poteka od vrst z večjimi vrednostmi SLP na produktivnejših, a hkrati senčnih rastiščih, do rastlin z večjimi vrednostmi VSS, prilagojenih na stresne ekološke razmere (npr. nizka reakcija tal ali pomanjkanje hranil oz. vode). Največji prispevek k pojasnjevanju variabilnosti v funkcionalnih lastnostih gozdnih rastlin je imel znak VIŠ, najmanjšega pa znak MAS. Ugotovitve so primerljive z dosedanjimi raziskavami, saj oba izbrana koncepta omogočata prepoznavanje pestrosti oblik in funkcij rastlin na globalni ravni. Using Slovenian forest flora as an example, we investigated four plant functional traits: specific leaf area (SLP), leaf dry matter content (VSS), plant height (VIŠ) and seed/spore mass (MAS). The first two traits define the leaf economics spectrum (way and efficiency of resource utilization), whereas the other two are linked to the size of plant organs. This study tested the correlations between plant traits and their phytoindication values for the ecological factors of light (L), temperature (T), continentality (K), soil moisture (F), soil reaction (R) and nutrients (N). We found statistically significant correlations between SLP and R, N, L, F and K between VSS and R and N between VIŠ and N, T, R and F and between MAS and K, R, N and T. Along the first axis of the ordination space, we identified a leaf economics spectrum ranging from species with higher SLP values growing on more productive but also more shaded sites to plants with higher VSS values adapted to more stressful conditions (e.g. low soil reaction or low availability of nutrients and water, respectively). The VSS trait contributed the most to explaining the variability in the functional profile of forest plants, while the MAS trait contributed the least. These findings are comparable with previous studies, as the selected concepts allow for the identification of diversity of plant form and function on a global scale.

Na širšem obmocju Polhograjske Grmade je bilo narejenih 34 fitocenoloških popisov vegetacije po standardni srednjeevropski fitocenološki metodi. Doloceni so bili naslednji sintaksoni gozdne vegetacije: Genisto januensis-Pinetum sylvestris Tomažic 1940, Querco ostryetum-carpinifoliae Horvat 1938, Ostryo-Fagetum M. Wraber ex. Trinajstic 1972, Hacquetio-Fagetum Ž. Košir ex. Horvat et al. 1974, Arunco-Fagetum Ž. Košir ex. Horvat et al. 1974 in Blechno-Fagetum sylvaticae (Tüxen & Oberd. 1958) Rivas-Martinez 1962. Gozdna vegetacija na raziskovalnem obmocju je bila podrobneje opisana in kartirana. Izvedena je bila primerjava rastišcnih dejavnikov na podlagi Landoltovih fitoindikacijskih vrednosti, ki je pokazala opazen gradient pri svetlobi, kontinentalnosti, vsebnosti hranil in vlažnosti tal. Najvecji vpliv na te ekološke dejavnike imata ekspozicija in strmina, predvsem na osoncenost in tlotvorne procese. Na popisnih ploskvah je bilo popisanih 222 vrst semenk in praprotnic, štiri vrste so na Rdecem seznamu, 15 vrst pa je na seznamu zavarovanih domorodnih rastlinskih vrst. Zaradi opustitve kmetijske rabe je širši vrh Grmade v zarašcanju. Veliko sestojev je v sukcesiji, ki zaradi zaostrenih razmer poteka pocasi. Thirty four relevés were made in the wider area of Polhograjska Grmada and the standard Central-European phytocoenological method has been applied. The following syntaxa of forest vegetation were determined: Genisto januensis-Pinetum sylvestris Tomažic 1940, Querco ostryetum-carpinifoliae Horvat 1938, Ostryo-Fagetum M. Wraber ex. Trinajstic 1972, Hacquetio-Fagetum Ž. Košir ex. Horvat et al. 1974, Arunco-Fagetum Ž. Košir ex. Horvat et al. 1974 in Blechno-Fagetum sylvaticae (Tüxen & Oberd. 1958) Rivas-Martinez 1962. Forest vegetation in the research area has been described and mapped. A comparison of site factors was made on the basis of Landolt's phytoindicatior values, which showed significant gradient of the following ecological parameters: light, continentality, nutrients and humidity. The biggest impacts on these ecological parameters are exposition and slope, especially on the sun exposure and soil forming processes. On relevés 222 taxa were recorded, four taxa are on the red list of threatened species and 15 taxa are on the protected native plant species list of Slovenia. The area around the peak of Grmada is in overgrowth because the agricultural use has been terminated. Many stands are in succession, which is progressing slowly due to harsh conditions.

Razprava združuje prikaze vseh do sedaj ugotovljenih klimocenoz Slovenije

Prispevek obravnava prve rezultate sledenja učinkov troposferskega ozona na gozdni vegetaciji v povezavi z aktivnostmi intenzivnega monitoringa gozdov (IM) in na ploskvah za umerjanje v okviru programa ICP Forest Konvencije CLTRAP v Sloveniji. Na desetih ploskvah IM potekajo meritve s pasivnimi vzorčevalniki koncentracije troposferskega ozona, hkrati se na izbranem gozdnem robu v bližini merilnega mesta opravljajo opazovanja značilnih ozonskih poškodb listja gozdnega drevja in grmovja. Prvi izsledki kažejo, da so izmerjene koncentracije troposferskega ozona večje v zahodnem delu države (Fondek na Trnovski planoti, Ankaran) in na višjih nadmorskih višinah (Lontovž pod Kumom, Borovec pri Kočevski Reki, Slavnik). Poškodbe vegetacije niso zmeraj večje zaradi višjih koncentracij ozona zaradi vpliva podnebnih dejavnikov in vodnega režima rastlin. Kljub temu pa so bile opažene tipične poškodbe listja zaradi prisotnosti ozona na večini opazovanih drevesnih in grmovnih vrstah. Zaradi uporabe pasivnih vzorčevalnikov neposrednih vzročnih povezav med poškodbami listja in koncentracijami nismo mogli potrditi ozona. The article deals with the first results of monitoring of tropospheric ozone damage, observed as foliage damage on the selected forest tree and shrub species in Slovenia at the plots of ICP-Forest Level II. Foliage damage was accompanied by ozone concentration measurement, carried out by passive samplers. The first results of the monitoring showed that higher ozone concentrations were measured in the west and south-west part of the country, especially at higher elevations. Foliage damage does not always correlate withthe ozone concentration due to the interference of climate factors and water regime of plants. However, typical visible damage was found in needles and leaves of almost all observed tree and shrub species. Due to the method of monitoring we have not been able to correlate measured ozone concentrations and visible injuries in plant leaves.