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Dissertação de mestrado em Psicologia Aplicada, O presente estudo teve objetivos exploratórios, buscando verificar possíveis associações entre a Solidão e o Funcionamento Psicológico Positivo, ligado ao Bem-Estar Psicológico, numa amostra de 340 jovens universitários entre 18 e 25 anos (M = 20,79, DP = 2,01), em Portugal. Além dos constructos principais já citados, incluímos outros, dentro do referencial teórico da Psicologia Positiva, voltados ao Bem-Estar Subjetivo, como Satisfação com a Vida e Afetos Positivos e Negativos e também o construto da Regulação Emocional em suas duas dimensões, Reavaliação Cognitiva e Supressão Emocional, a fim de aumentar a abrangência de nossa exploração. Nossas análises estatísticas incluíram análise descritiva e busca de um melhor modelo adaptado de regressão linear múltipla, na previsão da Solidão percebida, através de um conjunto de variáveis previsoras correspondentes às dimensões psicológicas já referidas. Como resultado principal, obtivemos um modelo de regressão linear múltipla bem ajustado aos dados, em que apenas as dimensões: Afetos Positivos, do construto Afetos Positivos e Negativos e a dimensão Reavaliação Cognitiva, ligada ao construto Regulação Emocional, não se revelaram significantes para serem incluídas no nosso modelo, que conseguiu explicar uma proporção razoável (46,3%) da variação da Solidão frente a dimensões psicológicas, apresentadas como variáveis preditoras significativas., The present study had exploratory objectives, seeking to verify possible associations between Loneliness and Positive Psychological Functioning, linked to Psychological Well-Being, in a sample of 340 university students between 18 and 25 years old (M = 20.79, SD = 2.01 ), in Portugal. In addition to the main constructs already mentioned, we included others, within the theoretical framework of Positive Psychology, aimed at Subjective Well-Being, such as Satisfaction with Life and Positive and Negative Affects and also the construct of Emotional Regulation in its two dimensions, Cognitive Reassessment and Emotional Suppression, in order to increase the scope of our exploration. Our statistical analyzes included a descriptive analysis and the search for a better adapted model of multiple linear regression, in the prediction of perceived loneliness, through a set of predictor variables corresponding to the aforementioned psychological dimensions. As a main result, we obtained a multiple linear regression model well adjusted to the data, in which only the dimensions: Positive Affects, of the Positive and Negative Affects construct and the Cognitive Reappraisal dimension, linked to the Emotional Regulation construct, were not significant to be included. in our model, which managed to explain a reasonable proportion (46.3%) of the Loneliness variation in relation to psychological dimensions, presented as significant predictor variables.

In Mexico, healthy lifestyle has a low prevalence. The importance of a healthy lifestyle lies in avoiding the emergence of a chronic non-communicable disease. Thus, university administrative personnel are a vulnerable population due to working conditions that prevent them from having a healthy lifestyle, so it is necessary to analyze psychological variables that can explain how to promote and develop a healthy lifestyle. The purposes of this study were to identify relationships among lifestyle (LS) and positive psychological functioning (PPF) and their differences by gender in the administrative staff; a cross-sectional and correlational study was conducted. University administrative staff (n = 102), were recruited using the snowball sampling method, forming a non-probabilistic sample, completed the Fantastic Lifestyle Questionnaire and the Positive Psychological Functioning Scale. LS has a statistically significant correlation with PPF (r = .355, p = .001); in addition, it is worth pointing out that showing a low level of PPF implies a lower probability of having a healthy LS (Ψ = 28.333, 4.965 - 161.675). Results suggest the relevance of interventions to develop psychological resources in people seeking the adoption of a healthy LS. Resumen En México, el estilo de vida saludable tiene una baja prevalencia. La importancia de un estilo de vida saludable radica en evitar la aparición de una enfermedad crónica no transmisible. Así, el personal administrativo universitario es una población vulnerable debido a las condiciones laborales que les impiden tener un estilo de vida saludable, por lo que es necesario analizar las variables psicológicas que pueden explicar cómo promoverlo y desarrollarlo. Los propósitos de este estudio fueron identificar las relaciones entre el estilo de vida (EV) y el funcionamiento psicológico positivo (FPP) y sus diferencias por sexo en personal administrativo universitario para lo cual se realizó un estudio transversal y correlacional. El personal administrativo universitario (n = 102) reclutado mediante el método de muestreo de bola de nieve, completó el Cuestionario de Estilo de Vida Fantástico y la Escala de Funcionamiento Psicológico Positivo. El EV presentó una correlación estadísticamente significativa con el FPP (r = .355, p = .001); además, vale la pena señalar que tener un bajo nivel de FPP implica una menor probabilidad de tener un EV saludable (Ψ = 28.333, 4.965 - 161.675). Los resultados sugieren la relevancia de las intervenciones para desarrollar recursos psicológicos en personas que buscan la adopción de un EV saludable.

Objective. Evaluate the psychological effects of social isolation (post-traumatic stress symptoms) associated with the global pandemic situation and the possible association with positive psychological functioning. Method. The design was a cross-sectional study with 440 participants between 18 and 65 years old (M = 35.25) selected through convenience sampling. Sociodemographic, coexistence and occupation data were collected. The information was collected online, between April and July 2020. A descriptive and comparative analysis of the variables was carried out. Results. A relationship between Social Isolation and Post Traumatic Stress Symptoms was observed. Positive psychological functioning was inversely correlated with social isolation and post-traumatic stress symptoms, which are more evident in the middle and older age ranges (36-50 and 51-65). Positive psychological functioning showed higher levels in the 51-65 age group and in participants from the interior of the country. Symptoms of anxiety and depression were greater in young people (18-25 years old), women, city residents, and people living with their parents. These data can inform treatment strategies that attempt to reduce the psychological symptoms of COVID-19 isolation, based on psychological resources. Objetivo. Evaluar los efectos psicológicos del aislamiento social (síntomas de estrés postraumático) asociados a la situación mundial de pandemia y la posible asociación con el funcionamiento psicológico positivo. Método. Se realizó un estudio transversal con 440 participantes entre 18 y 65 años (M = 35.25), a través de un muestreo por conveniencia. Se recogieron datos sociodemográficos, convivencia y ocupación. La información se recogió en formato en línea, entre abril y julio de 2020. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo y comparativo de las variables. Resultados. Se observó una relación entre Aislamiento Social y Síntomas de estrés post traumáticos. El funcionamiento psicológico positivo se correlacionó de manera inversa con el aislamiento social y los síntomas de estrés post traumático, los que son más evidentes en las franjas de edad intermedia y mayor (36-50 y 51-65). El funcionamiento psicológico positivo mostró niveles más elevados en el grupo de 51-65 años y en participantes del interior del país. Los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión fueron mayores en jóvenes (de 18-25 años), mujeres, residentes de ciudad y personas que viven con sus padres. Estos datos pueden aportar a las estrategias de tratamientos que intenten reducir los síntomas psicológicos del aislamiento por COVID-19, basado en los recursos psicológicos. Objective. Evaluate the psychological effects of social isolation (post-traumatic stress symptoms) associated with the global pandemic situation and the possible association with positive psychological functioning. Method. The design was a cross-sectional study with 440 participants between 18 and 65 years old (M = 35.25) selected through convenience sampling. Sociodemographic, coexistence and occupation data were collected. The information was collected online, between April and July 2020. A descriptive and comparative analysis of the variables was carried out. Results. A relationship between Social Isolation and Post Traumatic Stress Symptoms was observed. Positive psychological functioning was inversely correlated with social isolation and post-traumatic stress symptoms, which are more evident in the middle and older age ranges (36-50 and 51-65). Positive psychological functioning showed higher levels in the 51-65 age group and in participants from the interior of the country. Symptoms of anxiety and depression were greater in young people (18-25 years old), women, city residents, and people living with their parents. These data can inform treatment strategies that attempt to reduce the psychological symptoms of COVID-19 isolation, based on psychological resources.

Sección monográfica: Tecnología digital, test y evaluación [Resumen] Los grandes avances médicos logrados en las últimas décadas han posibilitado un inusitado aumento de la esperanza de vida en buena parte de la población mundial, especialmente en los países desarrollados. Sin embargo, este notable incremento de la salud física de las personas contrasta con las elevadas cifras de enfermedades mentales que asolan en numerosas sociedades contemporáneas. En aras de prevenir y reducir la alta incidencia de problemas de salud mental, en los últimos años estamos asistiendo a un creciente interés por el estudio científico de los recursos psicológicos personales como garante de un funcionamiento psicológico pleno. En consonancia con este planteamiento, numerosos enfoques psicológicos enfatizan la importancia de promover el desarrollo de las capacidades y potencialidades individuales, en la medida en que esta dimensión de crecimiento personal se erige en uno de los factores más genuinos y representativos del bienestar psicológico. El presente trabajo pretende profundizar en la comprensión de este pilar esencial del bienestar humano. En primer lugar, se realiza un sucinto recorrido histórico del constructo crecimiento personal, desde su pionera concepción aristotélica hasta su operativización por parte de psicólogos relevantes como Maslow, Rogers, Jung o Frankl, entre otros. Estas aportaciones conforman la raíz por la que se nutre la psicología contemporánea a la hora de explicar y definir este tópico. En concreto, y apoyándonos en diferentes teorías, enfoques y corrientes psicológicas ampliamente aceptadas en la actualidad, analizamos en este artículo aquellos recursos más estrechamente asociados al crecimiento personal, entre los que se encuentran la autodeterminación, el estado de flujo, el mindfulness, la compasión y el capital psicológico [Abstract] The great medical advances achieved in the last decades have allowed an unusual increase in life expectancy in a large part of the world population, especially in developed countries. However, this remarkable improvement in the physical health of people contrasts with the high numbers of mental illnesses that plague in many contemporary societies. In order to prevent and reduce the high incidence of mental health problems, in recent years we are witnessing a growing interest in the scientific study of personal psychological resources as a guarantor of full psychological functioning. In line with this approach, numerous psychological proposals emphasize the importance of promoting the development of individual capacities and potentialities, to the extent that this dimension of personal growth stands as one of the most genuine and representative factors of psychological well-being. This paper aims to deepen the understanding of this core pillar of human well-being. Firstly, there is a brief historical journey of the personal growth construct, from its pioneering Aristotelian conception to its operationalization by relevant psychologists such as Maslow, Rogers, Jung or Frankl, among others. These contributions constitute the root for which contemporary psychology is nourished when explaining and defining this topic. In particular, and relying on different theories, approaches, and psychological currents widely accepted today, secondly, we analyze in this paper those resources most closely associated with personal growth, among which are self-determination, flow, mindfulness, compassion, and psychological capital Este trabajo ha sido desarrollado con la financiación de los proyectos EDU2013-44062-P (MINECO), EDU2017-82984-P (MEIC), y Gobierno del Principado de Asturias, España. Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (Programa de Grupos de Investigación FC-GRUPIN-IDI/2018/000199) Gobierno del Principado de Asturias; FC-GRUPIN-IDI/2018/000199

Resumen: El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de la escala de Funcionamiento Psicológico Positivo (FPP) en adolescentes uruguayos. La escala está compuesta por 33 ítems que miden 11 recursos psicológicos. El FPP se constituye en un constructo de segundo orden del bienestar eudaimónico. Se realizó un estudio de tipo instrumental con una muestra por conveniencia conformada por 183 adolescentes (de 12 a 17 años) de población general. Los resultados de los análisis factoriales realizados resultan en una estructura de siete dimensiones: autoestima, autonomía, propósito vital, optimismo/disfrute, curiosidad, humor y dominio del entorno (RMSEA= .09, CFI= .99, TLI= .97), y adecuados valores de fiabilidad. La solución factorial organizada en siete factores explica el 62,15 % de la varianza. Estos resultados concuerdan con el único estudio publicado en población adolescente, que a diferencia del original y los posteriores replicados, utilizaron muestras de universitarios. Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as propriedades psicométricas da escala de Funcionamento Psicológico Positivo (FPP) em adolescentes uruguaios. A escala é composta por 33 itens que medem 11 recursos psicológicos. O FPP constitui um construto de segunda ordem do bem-estar eudaimônico. Realizou-se estudo instrumental com amostra de conveniência composta por 183 adolescentes (12 a 17 anos) da população geral. Os resultados da análise fatorial realizada resultam em uma estrutura de sete dimensões: autoestima, autonomia, resiliência, otimismo, curiosidade, prazer e domínio do ambiente (RMSEA = 0,09, CFI = 0,99, TLI = 0,97) e valores de confiabilidade adequados. A solução fatorial organizada em sete fatores explica 62,15 % da variância. Esses resultados são consistentes com o único estudo publicado em uma população de adolescentes que, ao contrário do original e das réplicas subsequentes, utilizou amostras de estudantes universitários. Abstract: The objective of this paper was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Positive Psychological Functioning scale (PPF) in Uruguayan adolescents. The scale is composed of 33 items that measure 11 psychological resources. The PPF constitutes a second-order construct of eudaimonic well-being. An instrumental study was carried out using a convenience sample made up of 183 adolescents (ages 12 through 17) from the general population. The results of the factor analysis carried out had a seven-dimensional structure: self-esteem, autonomy, purpose in life, optimism/enjoyment, curiosity, sense of humor, and environmental mastery (RMSEA = .09, CFI = .99, TLI = .97), and adequate reliability values. The factorial solution organized into seven factors explains 62.15 % of the variance. These results coincide with the only published study for an adolescent population, which differs from the original and subsequent studies given that these analyzed samples from university students.

The aim of this research was to determine the mediator role of self-compassion in the effect of personality traits on positive psychological functioning among female university students of Isfahan city. For this purpose from among female students of Isfahan university, Isfahan University of Medical Science and Islamic azad University of Isfahan(khorasgan) at second term of 2014-2015 and on the basis of determination table of sample size, (Kohen et al) 378 subjects were selected. The subjects responded to Neo Personality (Costa & McCrae), Self-compasion (Neff), Subjective Happiness (Lepper & Lyubomirsky), Optimism (Scheier & Carrer), Intellectuality (Ardelt), and Positive Affect (Watson, Clark & Tellegen) questionnaires. According to the results self-compassion mediated the effect of personality traits (neoroticism and extraversion) on positive psychological functions. The results of this study can help university administrators advance educational programs to increase self- compassion and positive psychological functions in students and improve their academic performance.

Positivity, a common and latent factor between self-esteem, optimism and life satisfaction, is the "basic disposition" of positive affect. The purpose of this thesis is to explore the influence of positivity on mental health. It is made up upon three objectives : - (1) to define the place of positivity in the subjectivity of mental health by proposing : (a) to conceive the structure of the cognitive dimension in a multidimensional way, involving the presence of the dimensions of positive cognition and negative cognition, (b) adapt and validate the positivity scale of Caprara and collaborators (2012) in French, (c) a model of mental subjectivity composed of four dimensions : positive cognition, negative cognition, positive affect and negative affect. - (2) to determine the role of positivity among the other indicators of positive mental health by exploring : (1) the major influence of positivity on positive psychological functioning, positive affect and negative affect, (2) the function of positivity in the influence of autonomous motivational regulation of behaviors on happiness. - (3) to identify the role of positivity in the effect of functional emotional regulation on the affective sphere of mental health, both in positive and negative situations. Finally, this thesis presents a meta-model explaining the place and the preponderant influence of positivity on mental health. Based on the meta-theory of self-determination, a theoretical articulation will be put forward, reflecting the development of positivity in a similar way to that of the human being.; La positivité, facteur commun et latent entre l'estime de soi, l'optimisme et la satisfaction de vie, est la “disposition de base” de l’affect positif. L’objectif de cette thèse est d’explorer l’influence de la positivité sur la santé mentale. Elle se décompose en trois objectifs : - (1) définir la place de la positivité dans la subjectivité de la santé mentale en proposant : (a) de concevoir la structure de la dimension cognitive de manière multidimensionnelle, impliquant la présence des dimensions Cognition positive et Cognition négative, (b) d’adapter et de valider l’échelle de positivité de Caprara et collaborateurs (2012) en langue française, (c) un modèle de la subjectivité mentale composé de quatre dimensions : la Cognition positive, la Cognition négative, l’Affect positif et l’Affect négatif. - (2) déterminer le rôle de la positivité parmi les autres indicateurs de la santé mentale positive en explorant : (1) l’influence majeure de la positivité sur le fonctionnement psychologique positif, l’affect positif et l’affect négatif, (2) la fonction de la positivité dans l’influence de la régulation motivationnelle autonome des comportements sur le bonheur. - (3) identifier le rôle de la positivité dans l’effet de la régulation émotionnelle fonctionnelle sur la sphère affective de la santé mentale, que ce soit dans les situations positives ainsi que dans les situations négatives. Enfin, cette thèse présente un méta-modèle expliquant la place et l’influence prépondérante de la positivité sur la santé mentale. En s’appuyant sur la méta-théorie de l’autodétermination, il sera proposé une articulation théorique reflétant le développement de la positivité, de manière analogue à celui de l’être humain.

Positivity, a common and latent factor between self-esteem, optimism and life satisfaction, is the "basic disposition" of positive affect. The purpose of this thesis is to explore the influence of positivity on mental health. It is made up upon three objectives : - (1) to define the place of positivity in the subjectivity of mental health by proposing : (a) to conceive the structure of the cognitive dimension in a multidimensional way, involving the presence of the dimensions of positive cognition and negative cognition, (b) adapt and validate the positivity scale of Caprara and collaborators (2012) in French, (c) a model of mental subjectivity composed of four dimensions : positive cognition, negative cognition, positive affect and negative affect. - (2) to determine the role of positivity among the other indicators of positive mental health by exploring : (1) the major influence of positivity on positive psychological functioning, positive affect and negative affect, (2) the function of positivity in the influence of autonomous motivational regulation of behaviors on happiness. - (3) to identify the role of positivity in the effect of functional emotional regulation on the affective sphere of mental health, both in positive and negative situations. Finally, this thesis presents a meta-model explaining the place and the preponderant influence of positivity on mental health. Based on the meta-theory of self-determination, a theoretical articulation will be put forward, reflecting the development of positivity in a similar way to that of the human being.; La positivité, facteur commun et latent entre l'estime de soi, l'optimisme et la satisfaction de vie, est la “disposition de base” de l’affect positif. L’objectif de cette thèse est d’explorer l’influence de la positivité sur la santé mentale. Elle se décompose en trois objectifs : - (1) définir la place de la positivité dans la subjectivité de la santé mentale en proposant : (a) de concevoir la structure de la dimension cognitive de manière multidimensionnelle, impliquant la présence des dimensions Cognition positive et Cognition négative, (b) d’adapter et de valider l’échelle de positivité de Caprara et collaborateurs (2012) en langue française, (c) un modèle de la subjectivité mentale composé de quatre dimensions : la Cognition positive, la Cognition négative, l’Affect positif et l’Affect négatif. - (2) déterminer le rôle de la positivité parmi les autres indicateurs de la santé mentale positive en explorant : (1) l’influence majeure de la positivité sur le fonctionnement psychologique positif, l’affect positif et l’affect négatif, (2) la fonction de la positivité dans l’influence de la régulation motivationnelle autonome des comportements sur le bonheur. - (3) identifier le rôle de la positivité dans l’effet de la régulation émotionnelle fonctionnelle sur la sphère affective de la santé mentale, que ce soit dans les situations positives ainsi que dans les situations négatives. Enfin, cette thèse présente un méta-modèle expliquant la place et l’influence prépondérante de la positivité sur la santé mentale. En s’appuyant sur la méta-théorie de l’autodétermination, il sera proposé une articulation théorique reflétant le développement de la positivité, de manière analogue à celui de l’être humain.

Este estudo explora diferentes recursos pessoais associados ao bem-estar e funcionamento psicológico positivo de estudantes universitários portugueses, tomando na sua análise as variáveis área de curso e género. Foi aplicada a Escala de Funcionamento Psicológico Positivo (EFPP) a 1070 estudantes de diferentes cursos. Observa-se um efeito da interação do género e área científica em 5 dimensões da EFPP. O género diferencia Autonomia, Autoestima e Otimismo (pontuações mais favoráveis nos homens), enquanto a área científica diferencia Resiliência, Autoestima, Propósito na Vida, Desfrute e Otimismo (pontuações superiores nos estudantes de Saúde). Discutem-se implicações para a intervenção no contexto do Ensino Superior., This study explores different personal resources related to well-being and positive psychological functioning of Portuguese university students. The analysis considers the field of studies and gender. The positive psychological functioning scale (FPP) was applied to a sample of 1070 students, who were attending the 1st and 3rd years of different courses. The findings suggest an effect of the interaction of gender and field of studies in 5 of the 11 dimensions of FPP. Higher scores were found in men in Resilience, Self-Esteem and Optimism. The field of studies differentiates Resilience, Self-Esteem, Purpose in Life, Enjoyment, and Optimism, with higher scores in the group of students in health sciences courses. The results are discussed regarding implications for intervention in Higher Education., info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion