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5 results on '"trophic specialist"'

1. Diet of Engystomops pustulosus (Anura: Leptodactylidae) from Colombia and current knowledge of its dietary

Author

Pablo A. López-Bedoya, Manuela Gómez-Gaviria, Andrés A. Salazar-Fillippo, Lina F. Pérez- Pedraza, and Paul David Alfonso Gutierrez-Cárdenas

Subjects
Ecosystem, Feeding habits, Frog, Predator interaction, Trophic specialist, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

We investigated the diet of Engystomops pustulosus from a population in the Middle Magdalena River valley, including an evaluation of theeffect of body and head size on prey number and volume. We present the current state of knowledge of the diet of E. pustulosus from published information in addition to our data. We found a total of 400 prey items representing two phyla, Arthropoda and Mollusca; seven orders and nine families were detected. Arthropods, mainly insects, were the most frequent prey in the diet. Among arthropods, Acari and Isoptera were numerically dominant. We did not observe effects of body and head size on prey number and volume. The published literature of the diet of E. pustulosus included 66 prey items, among which Isoptera (termites), Acari, and Formicidae were the most common groups, suggesting dietary specialization. Prey items consumed by E. pustulosus varied among different localities; Blattodea, Orthoptera, and Thysanoptera were unique at certain localities. Further study of prey availability and diets associated with land-use changes across majorgeographic localities will contribute to a better understanding of the predator-prey interactions in these anthropogenic environments.

Published
2023

2. Resource Niches of Co-occurring Invertebrate Species at an Offshore Wind Turbine Indicate a Substantial Degree of Trophic Plasticity

Author

Ninon Mavraki, Ilse De Mesel, Steven Degraer, Tom Moens, and Jan Vanaverbeke

Subjects
artificial habitats, feeding strategy, offshore wind farms, stable isotope analysis, trophic generalist, trophic specialist, Science, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5
Abstract

Offshore wind farms (OWFs) in the North Sea are proliferating, causing alterations in local ecosystems by adding artificial hard substrates into naturally soft-bottom areas. These substrates are densely colonized by fouling organisms, which may compete for the available resources. While the distribution of some species is restricted to specific parts of the turbine, others occur across depth zones and may therefore face different competitive environments. Here we investigate the trophic niches of seven invertebrate species: three sessile (Diadumene cincta, Metridium senile, and Mytilus edulis), one hemi-sessile (Jassa herdmani) and three mobile species (Ophiothrix fragilis, Necora puber, and Pisidia longicornis) that occur in multiple depth zones. We hypothesized that these species would be trophic generalists, exhibiting trophic plasticity by selecting different resources in different depth zones, to cope with the different competitive environments in which they occur. We analyzed δ13C and δ15N of these species and their potential resources across depth zones. Our results show that most of these invertebrates are indeed trophic generalists which display substantial trophic plasticity, selecting different resources in different zones. Degree of trophic plasticity was not related to mobility of the species. There are two possible explanations for these dietary changes with depth: either consumers switch diet to avoid competition with other (dominant) species, or they benefit from the consumption of a non-limiting resource. Only Diadumene cincta was a trophic specialist that consumed suspended particulate organic matter (SPOM) independent of its zone of occurrence. Altogether, trophic plasticity appears an important mechanism for the co-existence of invertebrate species along the depth gradient of an offshore wind turbine.

Published
2020
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3. Abrocoma schistacea (Rodentia: Abrocomidae).

Author

TARABORELLI, PAULA A., SASSI, PAOLA L., DACAR, MARÍA A., MORENO, PABLO, and OJEDA, RICARDO A.

Subjects
*CHINCHILLA rats, *ANIMAL species, *FOOTHILLS
Abstract

Abrocoma schistacea Thomas, 1921 is an abrocomid rodent commonly known as the Sierra del Tontal chinchilla rat. This medium-sized chinchilla rat is a rock specialist that inhabits the pre-Andean foothills of southern San Juan Province (Argentina) within an elevation range of 1,100-2,900 m. Its saxicolous specializations include padded feet with leathery tubercles on the pads. Incisors are large and orthodont; molariform teeth appear broad. A. schistacea is a creosotebush dietary specialist that can be distinguished from other chinchilla rats by living in groups of 3-4 individuals. This species is categorized as of low conservation concern in Argentina but is currently listed as "Data Deficient" by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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4. Resource niches of co-occurring invertebrate species at an offshore wind turbine indicate a substantial degree of trophic plasticity

Author

Steven Degraer, Ilse De Mesel, Ninon Mavraki, Tom Moens, and Jan Vanaverbeke

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, lcsh:QH1-199.5, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, media_common.quotation_subject, Ocean Engineering, MIXING MODELS, offshore wind farms, lcsh:General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, Generalist and specialist species, 01 natural sciences, Competition (biology), ANEMONE METRIDIUM-SENILE, PISIDIA-LONGICORNIS, artificial habitats, stable isotope analysis, STABLE-ISOTOPE RATIOS, FISH ASSEMBLAGES, feeding strategy, Ecosystem, lcsh:Science, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Isotope analysis, Trophic level, media_common, Ecological niche, stable, isotope analysis, Global and Planetary Change, biology, STAR, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, trophic generalist, Biology and Life Sciences, OPHIOTHRIX-FRAGILIS, trophic specialist, biology.organism_classification, Food web, Earth and Environmental Sciences, AROUSA GALICIA, MYTILUS-EDULIS, lcsh:Q, FOOD-WEB, Ophiothrix fragilis, BENTHIC SUSPENSION FEEDERS
Abstract

Offshore wind farms (OWFs) in the North Sea are proliferating, causing alterations in local ecosystems by adding artificial hard substrates into naturally soft-bottom areas. These substrates are densely colonized by fouling organisms, which may compete for the available resources. While the distribution of some species is restricted to specific parts of the turbine, others occur across depth zones and may therefore face different competitive environments. Here we investigate the trophic niches of seven invertebrate species: three sessile (Diadumene cincta, Metridium senile, and Mytilus edulis), one hemi-sessile (Jassa herdmani) and three mobile species (Ophiothrix fragilis, Necora puber, and Pisidia longicomis) that occur in multiple depth zones. We hypothesized that these species would be trophic generalists, exhibiting trophic plasticity by selecting different resources in different depth zones, to cope with the different competitive environments in which they occur. We analyzed delta C-13 and delta N-15 of these species and their potential resources across depth zones. Our results show that most of these invertebrates are indeed trophic generalists which display substantial trophic plasticity, selecting different resources in different zones. Degree of trophic plasticity was not related to mobility of the species. There are two possible explanations for these dietary changes with depth: either consumers switch diet to avoid competition with other (dominant) species, or they benefit from the consumption of a non-limiting resource. Only Diadumene cincta was a trophic specialist that consumed suspended particulate organic matter (SPOM) independent of its zone of occurrence. Altogether, trophic plasticity appears an important mechanism for the co-existence of invertebrate species along the depth gradient of an offshore wind turbine.

Published
2020

5. Abrocoma schistacea (Rodentia: Abrocomidae)

Author

Paula Andrea Taraborelli, Ricardo A. Ojeda, Paola L. Sassi, María Ana Dacar, and Pablo Gastón Moreno

Subjects
TROPHIC SPECIALIST, Rodent, HYSTRICOGNATHI, Range (biology), Otras Ciencias Biológicas, SAN JUAN, Ciencias Biológicas, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], stomatognathic system, biology.animal, SANJUANINA CHINCHILLA RAT, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, Chinchilla rat, Foothills, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https], Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Data deficient, ARGENTINA, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, Ecology, Hystricognathi, ROCK SPECIALIST, biology.organism_classification, RODENT, Geography, Animal Science and Zoology, Abrocoma, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
Abstract

Abrocoma schistacea Thomas, 1921 is an abrocomid rodent commonly known as the Sierra del Tontal chinchilla rat. This medium-sized chinchilla rat is a rock specialist that inhabits the pre-Andean foothills of southern San Juan Province (Argentina) within an elevation range of 1,100-2,900 m. Its saxicolous specializations include padded feet with leathery tubercles on the pads. Incisors are large and orthodont; molariform teeth appear broad. A. schistacea is a creosotebush dietary specialist that can be distinguished from other chinchilla rats by living in groups of 3-4 individuals. This species is categorized as of low conservation concern in Argentina but is currently listed as "Data Deficient" by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Fil: Taraborelli, Paula Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas; Argentina Fil: Sassi, Paola Lorena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas; Argentina Fil: Dacar, María Ana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas; Argentina Fil: Moreno, Pablo Gastón. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas; Argentina Fil: Ojeda, Ricardo Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas; Argentina

Published
2015

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