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• PCF-based sensors have been investigated for biomedical applications. • Various novel PCF-based structures have been also investigated. • Various novel nanomaterials used with PCF have been tested. • Several diseases diagnosis can be also perform with PCF. • Sensing performance of PCF-based sensors are high. Nowadays, the usage of photonic crystal fibers (PCF) has become a very quick and prevalent innovation in sensor implementation. PCFs have unique features and capabilities due to their geometric design, which makes them ideal choice for sensing applications. In this study, various simulations of biomedical sensors are analyzed. A biosensor is a type of an analytical device that analyses a biological system using either chemical or biological components. By filling the solutions into PCF shows good results in diagnosing disease, malignancies, hemoglobin concentrations and antibodies. PCF type biosensors are widely used in biological research, clinical trials, medication development and other applications. This research proposes a survey for different shapes of PCFs in biomedical sensors. This research paper main objective is to describe the numerous applications of biomedical sensors like glucose, blood, protein, and DNA sensors. The sensitivity and confinement loss are compared using this different-shaped PCF with different background materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]