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A combined treatment of heavy oil (HO) exposure and virus infection induces increased mortality in Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). In this study, we addressed how HO exposure affects the immune system, especially antiviral activities, in Japanese flounder. The fish were infected with viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), followed by exposure to HO. We analyzed virus titers in the heart and mRNA expression in the kidney of surviving fish. The virus titers in fish exposed to heavy oil were higher than the threshold for onset. The results suggest that HO exposure may allow the replication of VHSV, leading to higher mortality in the co-treated group. Gene-expression profiling demonstrated that the expression of antiviral-activity-related genes, such as those for interferon and apoptosis induction, were lower in the co-treated group than in the group with VHSV infection only. These results helped explain the high virus titers in fish treated with both stressors. Thus, interferon production in the virus-infected cells and apoptosis induction by natural killer cells worked normally in the VHSV-infected fish without HO exposure, but these antiviral activities were slightly suppressed by HO exposure, possibly leading to extensive viral replication in the host cells and the occurrence of VHS. • Japanese flounder were infected with VHSV, followed by exposure to heavy oil. • 50% of the fish treated with both VHSV and heavy oil had died, whereas there was no mortality in the single stressor groups. • Energy production pathway was a target of each treatment. • Antiviral activity-related genes including granzyme and perforin were up-regulated by VHSV infection. • Antiviral activities might be less sufficient under the heavy oil exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) are typical accumulated nanoplastics in the marine environment and organisms, and have strong potential risks to marine ecological environment and human health. MiRNAs could respond to and participate in the response process of environmental stressors. However, the response of miRNAs to nanoplastics has not been fully explored. In this study, miRNA responses of digestive glands in mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis treated by 200 nm PS-NPs (20, 200, 2000 μg/L) for 7 days were characterized by BGISEQ-500 deep sequencing and bioinformatics analysis, along with histopathological quantification with planimetric parameters on hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Results showed that one novel miRNA (novel_mir63) and seven known miRNAs (miR-34_2, miR-34_5, miR-281_8, let-7–5p_6, miR-10, miR-124, miR-29b-3p) were significantly (adjusted P -value < 0.05) differentially expressed after PS-NPs treatments, and most of them were down-regulated expect for novel_mir63 and miR-34_2. Function analysis of target genes corresponding to these differentially expressed miRNAs indicated that PS-NPs disturbed the process related to metabolism, aging, cardiac function, neural excitation, and repairment. Among them, acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase and purine metabolism pathway played vital connection roles. Meanwhile, significantly morphology changes of digestive tubes obtained from H&E stained sections also implied severely disrupted metabolic capability in digestive glands, reflected by significantly increased mean diverticular radius (MDR) and mean luminal radius (MLR) values and the ratio of MLR to mean epithelial thickness (MET), and significantly decreased MET value and MET/MDR. Overall, these findings have revealed new characterization of miRNAs and their target genes in mussel M. galloprovincialis under PS-NPs stress, and provide important clues to further elucidate the toxicity mechanisms of PS-NPs. • PS-NPs exhibited toxic effects on digestive glands of mussels. • PS-NPs exposure significantly affected morphology of digestive tubes. • miR-34, miR-281–8 and novel_mir63 are the main miRNAs induced by PS-NPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bisphenol A (BPA) is commonly used to produce epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastics. BPA is an endocrine-disrupting chemical that is leaked from the polymer and absorbed into the body to disrupt the endocrine system. Although BPA may cause cytotoxicity in the prostate, a hormone-dependent reproductive organ, its underlying mechanism has not yet been elucidated. Here, we investigated the effects of BPA on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and the wound healing process using prostate epithelial cells (RWPE-1) and stromal cells (WPMY-1). Observations revealed that BPA induced G2/M cell cycle arrest in both cell types through the ATM−CHK1/CHK2–CDC25c−CDC2 signaling pathway, and the IC 50 values were estimated to be 150 μM. Furthermore, BPA was found to induce caspase-dependent apoptosis through initiator (caspase-8 and −9) and executioner (caspase-3 and −7) caspase cascades. In addition, BPA interfered with the wound healing process through inhibition of MMP-2 and − 9 expression, accompanied by reductions in the binding activities of AP-1 as well as NF-κB motifs. Phosphorylation of MAPKs was associated with the BPA-mediated toxicity of prostate cells. These results suggest that BPA exhibits prostate toxicity by inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, and interfering with the wound healing process. Our study provided new insights into the precise molecular mechanisms of BPA-induced toxicity in human prostate cells. [Display omitted] • BPA impeded normal prostate cell proliferation through G2/M-phase cell cycle arrest. • BPA induced G2/M-phase cell cycle arrest via ATM−CHK1/CHK2 −CDC25c−CDC2 signaling. • BPA induced apoptosis via caspase-dependent apoptosis signaling cascade. • BPA exposure upregulated MAPK signaling pathways in prostate cells. • BPA reduced wound healing process by transcription factor-mediated MMP regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Ni-NiO@CNFs/ZnIn 2 S 4 -Vs was prepared by electrospinning and solvothermal methods. • The different photothermal conversion abilities of Ni and CNFs convert NIR into heat energy. • The hydrogen production rate of the best sample (0.9Ni-NiO@CNFs/ZIS-Vs) was as high as 29.16 mmol·g−1·h−1. • Under Vis-NIR conditions, the apparent activation energy (Ea) of 0.9Ni-NiO@CNFs/ZIS-Vs is as low as 9.28 kJ·mol−1. • The photothermal conversion efficiency of the 0.9Ni-NiO@CNFs/ZIS-Vs sample is 61.42%. Photothermal synergistic catalysis is a novel technology that converts energy. In this study, ZnIn 2 S 4 with S-vacancy (ZIS-Vs) is combined with Nickel, Nickle Oxide and Carbon Nanofiber aggregates (Ni-NiO@CNFs) to create a multi-interface coupled photocatalyst with double Schottky barrier, double channel and mixed photothermal conversion effect. Theoretical calculation confirms that the Gibbs free energy (ΔG *H) of the S-scheme heterojunction in the composite material is −0.07 eV, which is close to 0. This promotes the adsorption of H* and accelerates the formation of H 2. Internal photothermal catalysis is achieved by visible-near infrared (Vis-NIR, RT) irradiation. The internal photothermal catalytic hydrogen production rate of the best sample (0.9Ni-NiO@CNFs/ZIS-Vs) is as high as 17.24 mmol·g−1·h−1, and its photothermal conversion efficiency (η) is as high as 61.42 %. Its hydrogen production efficiency is 20.52 times that of ZIS-Vs (0.84 mmol·g−1·h−1) under visible light (Vis, RT) conditions. When the Vis-NIR light source is combined with external heating (75 ℃), the hydrogen production efficiency is further improved, and the hydrogen production efficiency (29.16 mmol·g−1·h−1) is 26.75 times that of ZIS-Vs (1.09 mmol·g−1·h−1, Vis-NIR, RT). Further analysis shows that the increase in hydrogen production resulted from the apparent activation energy (Ea) of the catalyst decreasing from 16.7 kJ·mol−1 to 9.28 kJ·mol−1. This study provides a valuable prototype for the design of an efficient photothermal synergistic catalytic system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) alteration is an epigenetic regulator widely involved in the tumorigenicity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The role of YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein F3 (YTHDF3), an m6A reader in HCC, requires further investigation. Here, we aim to explore the biological properties of YTHDF3 in HCC and its potential mechanisms. The predictive risk model for HCC was developed by analyzing the expression of genes associated with m6A in HCC using online datasets. WB and qPCR were employed to assess YTHDF3 expression in HCC and its correlation with the disease's clinicopathological characteristics. Both in vitro and in vivo methods were utilized to evaluate the biological effects of YTHDF3 in HCC. The potential targets of YTHDF3 were identified and confirmed using RNA-seq, meRIP-seq, and linear amplification and sequencing of cDNA ends (Lace-seq). We confirmed that YTHDF3 is overexpressed in HCC. Patients with higher YTHDF3 expression had a greater risk of cancer recurrence. In both in vitro and in vivo settings, YTHDF3 boosts the migration and invasion capabilities of HCC cells. Through multi-omics research, we identified YTHDF3's downstream target genes as NKD inhibitors of the WNT signaling pathway 1 (NKD1) and the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway. With m6A modification, YTHDF3 suppresses the transcription and translation of NKD1. Additionally, NKD1 inhibited tumor growth by blocking the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway. The investigation found that the oncogene YTHDF3 stimulates the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway by m6A-dependently suppressing NKD1 expression in HCC cells. Our findings suggest that YTHDF3 regulates hepatocarcinogenesis, providing fresh perspectives on potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HCC. • YTHDF3 was overexpressed in HCC. • The risk of cancer recurrence was more significant in HCC patients with increased YTHDF3 expression. • YTHDF3 enhanced the migratory and invasive potential of HCC cells. • YTHDF3 suppressed NKD1's transcription then activated WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A novel self-assembly supramolecular aggregates and further calcination method was developed for potassium-doped carbon nitride (KCMCN). • The potassium-intercalated in carbon nitride provides a new channel for charge transfer and reduces the adsorption energy of oxygen for efficient photocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction. • The H 2 O 2 yield of KCMCN is approximately 10.7 times higher than MCN in 0.5% isopropanol aqueous solution. • The in-situ generated superoxide radical anion (·O 2 −) species serve as the oxidant for photocatalytic hydroxylation of arylboronic acids to corresponding aryl alcohols. Photocatalytic two-electron oxygen reduction reaction for hydrogen peroxide production, a promising liquid energy carrier and an environmentally friendly oxidant, is regard as a promising process owing to its low-cost and environment-friendly advantages compared to the state-of-art anthraquinone oxidation for H 2 O 2 production. Herein, a potassium-doped carbon nitride photocatalyst has been successfully synthesized by the copolymerization of self-assembly supramolecular cyanuric acid and melamine aggregates with introduction of potassium chloride (KCMCN), wherein its band structure was carefully tuned and a new channel for charge transfer was created. Notably, DFT calculations pointed out that a lower absorption energy of oxygen (E ads = 0.27 eV) over KCMCN was estimated than that of MCN (E ads = 1.02 eV) with the introduction of K into carbon nitride framework, which is beneficial for superior H 2 O 2 evolution. The H 2 O 2 yield of KCMCN (317.9 µmol·L−1·h−1) was about 10.7 times higher than bulk carbon nitride at low concentration of sacrificial agent (0.5% isopropanol aqueous solution) and the apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) of KCMCN reached to 7.5% at 420 nm. Furthermore, in-situ photoinduced superoxide radical anion (·O 2 −) species were generated from dioxygen in KCMCN, which were reacted with arylboronic acids to produce corresponding aryl alcohols through a hydroxylation process under visible light irradiation. This work opens up prospects for providing guidance for other organic synthesis based on the oxidative effect of H 2 O 2 and exploring novel heterogeneous photocatalysts in the field of value-added products formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A series of novel ibrutinib analogues was synthesized and evaluated antitumor activities. • The most potent compound YL7 exhibited strong antiproliferative activity in vitro. • YL7 induced G1 cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and autophagy in B16 cells. • YL7 significantly inhibited the growth of B16 melanoma in vivo. A series of novel ibrutinib analogues was synthesized, and their proliferation inhibitory activities against various B lymphoma cell lines (DaudiB and Raji) and solid tumor cells (B16, CT26, HepG2 and 4T1) were evaluated. The most potent compound, YL7 , exhibited strong antiproliferative activity in all cell lines, and its IC 50 value in B16 cells was almost 9-fold better than that of ibrutinib. Mechanism of action studies showed that YL7 inhibited proliferation and migration and induced G1 cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and autophagy in B16 cells. Further assessment of in vivo antitumor efficacies demonstrated that YL7 significantly inhibited the growth of B16 melanoma. These preliminary studies suggest that it is reasonable to modify the structure of ibrutinib for antimelanoma treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A method for estimating full set of amplitude-dependent FDs at the whole wind speed regime from free vibration wind tunnel tests is proposed and validated. • The evolution characteristics of the nonlinear coupled and uncoupled aerodynamic damping with wind speed and vibration amplitude were revealed. • The influence of structural parameters on the post-flutter performance were investigated based on the developed 2D nonlinear flutter analysis method. • The influences of vertical DOF (mode) and 3D effects on nonlinear flutter response were revealed based on the developed 3D nonlinear flutter analysis method. To estimate nonlinear flutter response of long-span bridges, this study established a method for identifying full set of amplitude-dependent flutter derivatives (FDs) from free vibration wind tunnel tests. Taking a typical double-deck truss bridge as a Case study, the amplitude-dependent FDs of the bridge deck at the whole wind speed regime are identified and cross-validated based on large-amplitude free vibration wind tunnel tests of its single degree of freedom (SDOF) torsional and 2DOF vertical-torsional section models. The influential mechanism of vertical DOF on nonlinear flutter was revealed by quantitatively comparing the nonlinear aerodynamic damping of the SDOF and 2DOF systems. The amplitude-dependent FDs are then used to calculate the nonlinear flutter responses of the 2D bridge section and a prototype long-span suspension bridge (1650m) with four main cables based on developed 2D and 3D nonlinear flutter analysis methods. Finally, the influence of structural parameters and 3D effects on nonlinear flutter are quantified and discussed. The results show that the 2DOF system has a lower critical wind speed and higher torsional stable amplitudes compared with the SDOF system since the participation of vertical DOF introduces the negative coupled aerodynamic damping to the system. The aerodynamic nonlinearity becomes stronger and stronger as the wind speed increases and it mainly leads to the significant amplitude dependence of the uncoupled aerodynamic damping, which is the key factor to cause the limit cycle oscillation (LCO)-type of flutter. While the coupled aerodynamic damping appears to be a relatively linear damping with weak amplitude-dependence within the studied wind speed and it mainly plays the role of reducing the stability of the system. The 3D effects of the vibrating bridge deck will reduce the system stability mainly by increasing the negative uncoupled aerodynamic damping. Therefore, the amplitudes of nonlinear flutter will be seriously underestimated if the 3D effects are ignored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Landfill leachate concentrate (LLC) is a concentrated waste stream from landfill leachate treatment systems and has been recognized as a key challenge due to its high concentration of salts, heavy metals, organic matters, etc. Improper management of LLC (e.g. reinjection) would exacerbate the performance of upstream treatment processes and pose risks to the surrounding environments near landfill sites. Addressing the challenge and recovering resources from LLC have thus been attracting considerable attention. Although many LLC treatment technologies have been developed, a comprehensive discussion about the challenges still lacks. This review critically evaluates mainstream LLC treatment technologies, namely incineration, coagulation, advanced oxidation, evaporation and solidification/stabilization. We then introduce a geopolymer-based solidification (GS) process as a promising technology owning to its simple casting process and reusable final product and summarize engineering applications in China. Finally, we suggest investigating hybrid systems to minimize LLC production and achieve the on-site reuse of LLC. Collectively, this review provides useful information to guide the selection of LLC treatment technologies and suggests a sustainable alternative for large-scale application, while also highlighting the need of joint efforts in the industry to achieve efficient, ecofriendly and economical on-site management of landfill waste streams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

N-type B and P double doped porous g-C 3 N 4 (CN–B–P) nanosheets is successfully prepared by using melamine and cyanuric acid as precursors, [Emin]BF 4 and [Bmim]PF 6 as B and P sources. The reason for obtaining a porous structure is that the raw material is decomposed to produce gas molecular etching materials such as CO 2 and NH 3 in the process of pyrosynthesis. The formed porous structure provides largest specific surface area (BET), which reach 137.49 m2g−1. A largest BET and porous morphology are conducive to providing more reactive sites. It short the electron transfer path and accelerate the electron transfer efficiency. Under the influence of B and P doping and porous structure, the H 2 production of CN–45B–45P reach 9443.38 ​μmol/g/h, which is 12.34 times more than bulk carbon nitride CN (765.17 ​μmol/g/h), and is better than best sample (N–CN–45B–45P) without platinum as a cocatalyst (1187.34 ​μmol/g/h). In addition, the cyclic and continuous hydrogen production test results shows that the sample has excellent stability and durability. When the light source is irradiated to the surface of the sample and the irradiation energy is greater than the band gap energy, the porous structure of the sample surface and the introduction of boron and phosphorus elements promote the separation rate of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, and the electrons transition from the valence band to the conduction band. The reduction of H 2 O to H 2 completes the process of photocatalytic hydrogen production. [Display omitted] • With [Emin]BF 4 and [Bmim]PF 6 as boron and phosphorus sources, B and P doped porous g-C 3 N 4 was prepared. • The porous materials have the highest carrier concentration, which accelerates the electron transfer efficiency. • The sample(CN-45B-45P) had a large specific surface area. • Hydrogen production performance has been greatly improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing yearly and CRC patients are becoming younger in global. Evidences have revealed the carcinogenic effect of p53 and DNA damage-regulated gene 1 (PDRG1) in several types of tumors. However, its biological function is yet to be investigated in CRC. This study aimed to unveil the prooncogenic role of PDRG1 in CRC. We detected the expression and clinical pathological features of PDRG1 in CRC tissues and paired non-tumor adjacent tissues. The biological role and molecular mechanism of PDRG1 in CRC were characterized through a range of in vitro and in vivo experiments and datasets analysis. We identified the significant up-regulated expression of PDRG1 both in CRC tissues and cell, and higher expression of PDRG1 was associated with worse clinicopathological stage and poorer survival outcome. Cox regression analysis revealed that PDRG1 is an independent prognostic factor for CRC patients. Silencing of PDRG1 significantly retarded CRC cell vitality, invasion and migration, induced cell apoptosis and G0/G1 phase arrest. PDRG1 knockdown also attenuated tumor growth and metastasis as evidencing in vivo experiment. The expression of p21 and apoptosis related protein was enhanced with the knockdown of PDRG1 while cell cycle protein was inhibited. PDRG1 function as a novel oncogene and participate in malignant progression of CRC by regulating p21-mediated signal pathway, suggesting that it can serve as a valuable predictive biomarker for diagnosing of CRC patient and a promising target for therapy. • PDRG1 is overexpressed in colorectal cancer tissues and is associated with poor prognosis of colorectal cancer patients. • PDRG1 regulates the proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle progression and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells. • PDRG1 promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of colorectal cancer via p21-mediated cell cycle progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Supercapacitors are a type of commercialized energy storage device that can reserve energy but also show the characteristic of fast charging and discharging speed. The design and construction of all-solid-state flexible asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) are promising for wearable electronic devices, while the rational design of electrode materials is one of the most essential parts of this procedure. This work demonstrates a facile hybridization of Bi 2 O 2 Se nanosheets (NS) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The obtained Bi 2 O 2 Se NS/rGO composites show enhanced capacity and stability compared with the singular component of Bi 2 O 2 Se NS. Employing the Bi 2 O 2 Se NS/rGO composites on carbon cloth (CC) as an anode and a Ni(OH) 2 /rGO@CC electrode as a cathode, and solid electrolyte PVA-KOH gel as both of the electrolyte and the separator, the fabricated all-solid-state flexible ASC can exhibit a specific capacity of 52.4 mAh g−1 at the current density of 1 ​A ​g−1, and a maximum energy density of 57.9 ​Wh kg−1 ​at a power density of 1.10 ​kW ​kg−1. Meanwhile, the ASC device reveals excellent flexibility and cycling stability, with more than 92% capacity retention after 2000 cycles. [Display omitted] • Facile hybridization of Bi 2 O 2 Se nanosheets and reduced graphene oxide composites is developed. • Enhanced stability of the electrodes is achieved with the incorporation of reduced graphene oxide. • The supercapacitor device delivers a remarkable power density of 1.98 ​kW ​kg−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]