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First, Mattiello's core hypothesis is that the meaning of - o is essentially derogatory (35), but the lexicographic analysis is said to only focus those senses that "revolve around aggressive languages" (39): in this way, uses of the suffix that could (potentially) falsify the hypothesis were excluded since the beginning. Those that do, however, represent important contributions to our understanding of the grammar-pragmatics interface in hateful discourse and are likely to establish themselves as crucial references in this growing field of studies. Otherwise, particularly welcome aspects of the chapter are the explicit definition of aggressive discourse and distinction of different types thereof, as well as the discussion of the prosody of expressive compounds. [Extracted from the article]

Abstract meaning representation (AMR) is a graph-based sentence-level meaning representation that has become highly popular in recent years. AMR is a knowledge-based meaning representation heavily relying on frame semantics for linking predicate frames and entity knowledge bases such as DBpedia for linking named entity concepts. Although it is originally designed for English, its adaptation to non-English languages is possible by defining language-specific divergences and representations. This article introduces the first AMR representation framework for Turkish, which poses diverse challenges for AMR due to its typological differences compared to English; agglutinative, free constituent order, morphologically highly rich resulting in fewer word surface forms in sentences. The introduced solutions to these peculiarities are expected to guide the studies for other similar languages and speed up the construction of a cross-lingual universal AMR framework. Besides this main contribution, the article also presents the construction of the first AMR corpus of 700 sentences, the first AMR parser (i.e., a tree-to-graph rule-based AMR parser) used for semi-automatic annotation, and the evaluation of the introduced resources for Turkish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here, I combine the semantics of Mares and Goldblatt [20] and Seki [29, 30] to develop a semantics for quantified modal relevant logics extending ${\bf B}$. The combination requires demonstrating that the Mares–Goldblatt approach is apt for quantified extensions of ${\bf B}$ and other relevant logics, but no significant bridging principles are needed. The result is a single semantic approach for quantified modal relevant logics. Within this framework, I discuss the requirements a quantified modal relevant logic must satisfy to be "sufficiently classical" in its modal fragment, where frame conditions are given that work for positive fragments of logics. The roles of the Barcan formula and its converse are also investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amuzgo (Otomanguean: Mexico) has a large inventory of lexically arbitrary tonal inflection classes in person/number paradigms, where inflectional tones overwrite the root's lexical tone. In causatives, however, inflectional tones are predictable from phonological properties of the root, primarily lexical tone. The inertness of root inflection classes in causatives is argued to follow from cyclicity: once the causative Voice head triggers spell-out, lexical inflection-class specifications are no longer visible, and only phonological information can condition allomorphy in the outer domain of person/number agreement. The grammatical behaviour of inflectional tone thus reflects its structural morphosyntactic position, as distinct from its linear phonological one. I distinguish between several possible analyses of phonologically conditioned tonal-overwriting allomorphy, and propose that the Amuzgo case involves constraint-mediated competition among a priority-ranked list of allomorphs in the input, rather than creation of tonal allomorph candidates purely within the phonology or subcategorisation frames in the lexical representations of allomorphs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]