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Purpose. The aim of the paper is to analyze the participation and satisfaction with training courses for the application of the LAM Code that were held from 2018 to 2022 within the Training Center for Continuing Professional Development of Librarians in Croatia (CSSU). In addition, the paper provides an analysis of the attendance of regional workshops (held independently of the CSSU) on the topic of the application of the LAM Code. The workshops were organized by the Working Group for Education of The Standing Committee for the Development and Maintenance of the LAM Code in cooperation with the main public libraries and the Advisory Council of Museum and Documentation Center. Approach/methodology/design. The paper analyzes data on the training courses for the application of the LAM Code, more precisely the topics, formats, duration, number of participants, and the results of evaluation questionnaires, i.e. the satisfaction of the participants with educational content and lecturers and applicability of training courses in the workplace. Findings. During the five-year period, the majority of librarians, but also a significant number of attendees from archives and museums, participated in the training on the LAM Code. By holding training courses online and making webinar recordings publicly available from 2020, wide availability of educational content has been made possible. The participants expressed an excellent level of satisfaction with the quality of lecturers and educational content, and a very high level of satisfaction with the applicability of education in the workplace. By holding regional workshops, the practical application of the LAM Code was brought to the wider professional community. Research limitations/implications. From 2018 to 2020, the participants from archives and museums were not offered the option of choosing their own type of institution when applying and the category named "Other" was provided for them. However, the subsequent analysis revealed that some of the aforementioned participants were placed in the "Special Libraries" category (based on self-registration). Therefore, for the purpose of this paper, these participants were subsequently separated into separate categories according to the type of institution they come from. Practical implications. The results presented in this paper will be taken into consideration when planning new CSSU education programs in the context of cataloging and bibliographic control as well as new educational activities for the application of the LAM Code in general. Originality/value. The paper presents trends in the field of professional development of experts from libraries, archives and museums on application of the Code for Description and Access to Resources in Libraries, Archives, and Museums. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. The author explains the notion of archival processes and material, showcases the catalogue of archival values, and deconstructs the relationship between archival material and act, history, identity, and other signifieds. The value of archival material directs the user's interpretation of various signifieds, creating chains of supplements and forming possibilities for usage, understanding, and accepting archival material. Approach/methodology/design. The author analyses the definition of archival material, appraisal, values of archival material, and related archival processing tasks. The author uses archival literature and dictionaries to analyse the appraisal, acquisition, arrangement, and description process. The author uses the literature of various disciplines and sciences, such as anthropology, archival science, deconstruction, linguistics, logic and semiotics, to analyse the notion of value and conduct deconstruction and semiotic analysis of archival material. Results. The author explains the archival appraisal process and the relationships with other processes in archives and defines and categorises the notion of the value of archival material. The paper also showcases the deconstruction of conceivable relationships of appraised archival material and its use and the mechanism of functioning of archival material as a semiotic sign. Originality/value. The originality of the paper consists of an additional reflection on archival terms related to appraisal, archival material and the interpretative potential that comes from its values for different uses and users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. The purpose of this paper is to compare and correlate ways of creating access points for corporate bodies in the ALM community in accordance with current practice and the Code for Description and Access to Resources in Libraries, Archives, and Museums (LAM Code), and identify the advantages of applying the LAM Code and data standardization, as well as possible difficulties and challenges. Methodology. The first part of the paper presents the rules and standards for creating access points for corporate bodies which are currently used by the heritage community. It explains the international standards incorporated in the LAM Code and presents the LAM Code as a standard for data content to be used by the heritage community in creating access points for corporate bodies. The second part analyses a sample of access points for corporate bodies, and provides the findings of a survey answering the following questions: a) What is the current practice of selecting and creating access points for corporate bodies used by the three LAM institutions included in the sample and what are the differences between them? b) How will the same access points for corporate bodies be created in accordance with the LAM Code? c) What are possible advantages of applying the LAM Code and what are possible difficulties and challenges? Findings. The survey provides an insight into the current practice of creating access points for corporate bodies in all three LAM institutions. It shows to what extent these institutions adhere to their rules and standards, as well as possible advantages and disadvantages of data standardization and the use of the LAM Code as the common standard. Originality. The paper contributes to the LAM community by focusing on the issue of selecting and creating authorized access points for corporate bodies in all three communities, comparing them and bringing them under the LAM Code as the common denominator, which enables standardization, sharing and reuse of data on corporate bodies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. The purpose of this paper is to present the operational ontology of the Code for description and access to resources in libraries, archives, and museums - LAM Code (Pravilnik za opis i pristup građi u knjižnicama, arhivima i muzejima - KAM), version 1.0, 2021, as a complementary standard to the textual version of the LAM Code. Methodology. The introduction defines the concept of ontology and the RDF - Resource Description Framework model for description of resources as semantic linked data. This standard framework is used as a technical model for the LAM Code as well as for the conceptual models IFLA LRM, RiC and CIDOC-CRM, the implementation of which is the LAM Code. The second part of the paper consists of the short description of the ontologies used in the heritage sector, while the third, main part is dedicated to the detailed description of the LAM Code ontology as an operational ontology. Findings. The ontology of the LAM Code fully complies with its textual version. Certain adjustments were made to conform to the requirements of the ontology as an operational one. Limitations. The described ontology of the LAM Code has been adopted as a final version for testing in 2023, so some minor adjustments can be expected. To start using the ontology it is necessary to publish it in the official registry of namespaces, preferably a national one. Practical implications. The implementation of the LAM Code ontology is seen in encoding metadata for machine processing in relational database or linked data environments, for the purpose of their content designation, storage, machine reasoning, retrieval and display, as well as for metadata exchange and re-use at the national and international levels. Social implications. The implementation of the LAM Code ontology is seen in enhancement and development of information systems, and interoperability of metadata in the heritage sector and with other stakeholders in a contemporary environment of information management at the national and international levels. Originality. The LAM Code ontology is the first operational ontology in the Croatian information heritage sector environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Goal. The goal of the paper is to show the implementation of library services in the homes for older adults in the city of Zagreb during the COVID-19 pandemic from March 2020 to June 2022. Approach/methodology/design. Library services in homes for the older adults in the city of Zagreb are implemented within the Books at your door programme of the 65 plus project at the Zagreb City Libraries. The COVID-19 pandemic and related restrictions have made it difficult to design and implement library services for older people in libraries. Due to the protection of health, particularly large restrictions have been placed on contacts with elderly people in homes for the older adults. As a result of this challenge, the librarians have devised ways to stay in touch and provide library services to the home users during periods of greater and lesser restrictions on access to the homes. Results. The paper describes in detail the implementation and the results of the Books at your door programme from March 2020 to June 2022. Library services and various cultural programs that were carried out during the pandemic in homes for the older adults, organized by the Zagreb City Libraries, are presented and described. The results are based on and supported by the statistical data from the annual reports of the 65 plus project. Originality/value. The cultural activities that are carried out for the older adults by the libraries, sometimes in difficult business circumstances, are examples of good practice aimed at sensitizing the public and increasing care for the well-being of the elderly people. The experiences gained during the implementation of the Books at your door programme in difficult conditions during the pandemic can help experts and practitioners in designing library services in times of crisis. The data recorded in this paper also represent a kind of public archive on the cooperation between libraries and homes for the older adults in the Zagreb area during the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. Crowdsourcing has been used in libraries and archives all over the world for more than a decade, but it has not yet become popular in Croatia. The aim of this paper is to investigate to what extent the Croatian professional community is familiar with this concept of work in heritage institutions, and also if there is any potential for implementing crowdsourcing in Croatian archives and libraries. Approach. The answers to these questions were obtained through a mixed research approach with predominantly quantitative characteristics on a random sample of 201 patrons and 23 employees of libraries and archives in the city of Zagreb. The research was conducted in situ with surveys for the patrons consisting of 17 questions and semi-structured interviews with the employees. In addition to examining the overall interest for participation in crowdsourcing projects and the employees' desire to supervise them, the respondents were questioned about their familiarity with the term "crowdsourcing", and their own thoughts and ideas on this topic. Findings. According to their answers, although patrons were not familiar with the term 'crowdsourcing' and its meaning before, they have shown interest for participating and gave positive feedback on crowdsourcing projects after reading a short explanation. They generally opted out for participating in purposeful games and projects of text correction and/or transcription. The results of this research have shown that, in addition to the willingness of patrons to participate as potential volunteers, there is also certain interest among employees as potential organizers of such projects. The employees have expressed concerns about the quality of that kind of amateur work, and emphasized the necessity of project supervision and work results monitoring as key elements for a successful project. In conclusion, a successful crowdsourcing project needs to be organized with the content and activities that would be appealing to potential volunteers and target the enthusiastic patrons who have shown interest in participating in various heritage institutions' activities and projects. Research limitations. This research was conducted only in the city of Zagreb, and although it included a number of city's archives and libraries, its results cannot be generally applied to other regions of Croatia. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct further research in order to gain more insight into the potential and possibilities for implementing crowdsourcing in heritage institutions in all parts of Croatia. Originality. This paper provides better insight into the potential for implementation of crowdsourcing projects in Croatia based on findings of the research conducted among users and employees of archives and libraries in the city of Zagreb. There has not been research in this area prior to this paper, focusing on the interest of the respondents in organizing and participating in such activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to present the treatment and procedure with joint pseudonyms in standards and cataloguing codes: from the Paris Statement of principles, AACR, the Croatian cataloguing code PPIAK by Verona, IFLA bibliographic models to RDA standard, IFLA LRM model and the new Croatian Resource Description and Access Code for Libraries, Archives and Museums (KAM). Approach/methodology: The comparison of the relevant parts of the above-mentioned standards and cataloguing codes, followed by an analysis that reveals similarities and differences in order to critically presents an overview of the development of international theory and practice of cataloguing regarding joint pseudonyms. Findings: The research has detected vagueness and certain inconsistencies in the analysed standards and cataloguing codes. A proposal for a further refinement of IFLA LRM model and the Croatian Code KAM has been outlined. Originality/value: The contribution of this paper is in better understanding of this marginal and less familiar segment of the bibliographic universe, as well as understanding of difficulties in defining and treatment of joint pseudonyms in cataloguing theory and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. The goal of the paper is to identify, investigate and present the official ways of controlling the press in Australia in the 1930s and the ways in which editors and publishers of Croatian newspapers in Australia avoided censorship. This was the time when publications in foreign languages were checked before granting permission to publish, and within the Australian Croatian community the primary language of communication was Croatian. Based on the research, a list of all Croatian newspapers that were published in Australia in the early 1930s is compiled. Approach/methodology/design. The methods used in the research are the method of structured search of online public institutions' catalogues (primarily libraries and archives in Australia), content analysis of archival sources and publications, and the method of involving the Croatian community in Australia. Results. The research resulted in new findings about publications and their editing in the observed period. The social framework for publishing newspapers was researched and presented, and ways to avoid censorship were identified. Each way to avoid censorship is documented and described on the basis of archival sources or a few preserved publications. The research has identified publications that were published in the observed timeframe; the basic data on their publication and editing practices have been investigated. Originality/value. Two publications discovered during the research are described in the paper (Oganj and Iskra). In addition, one publication (one issue of Borba) was found, which was mentioned in the literature, but the bibliographic elements and technical characteristics have never been analysed and the place of storage was not known. All three publications have been digitized and are freely accessible at the links provided in the paper. Furthermore, the research has shown that one publication, which has so far been cited as the publication of Croats in Australia, was not actually published in Australia (Proleter). A list of publications published by Croats in Australia in the early 1930s was compiled on the basis of archival documents, and the ways of conducting and avoiding censorship were presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]