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This article focuses on the characterization of a particular spectral property called Multiplicity-induced-dominancy applying for linear dynamical systems described by delay-differential equations. More precisely, we characterize the property in the scalar neutral case with respect to the system parameters. Particular attention is paid to the so-called over-order multiplicities corresponding to real double and triple characteristic roots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study a class of continuous-time nonlinear systems with discrete measurements, model uncertainty, and sensor noise. We provide an estimator of the state for which the observation error enjoys a variant of the exponential input-to-state stability property with respect to the model uncertainty and sensor noise. A valuable novel feature is that the overshoot term in this stability estimate only involves a recent history of uncertainty values. Also, the rate of exponential convergence can be made arbitrarily large by reducing the supremum of the sampling intervals. Our proof uses a recently developed trajectory based approach. We illustrate our work using a model for a pendulum whose suspension point is subjected to an unknown time-varying bounded horizontal oscillation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the location of the non-asymptotic zeros of Whittaker and Kummer confluent hypergeometric functions. Based on a technique proposed by E. Hille for the analysis of solutions of some second-order ordinary differential equations, we characterize the sign of the real part of zeros of Whittaker and Kummer functions and provide estimates on the regions of the complex plane where those zeros can be located. Our main result is a correction of a previous statement by G. E. Tsvetkov whose propagation has induced mistakes in the literature. In particular, we review some results of E. B. Saff and R. S. Varga on the error of Padé's rational approximation of the exponential function, which are based on the latter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The PID control is favored in controlling industrial processes for its ease of implementation. In this paper we present an analytical study, with an aim at stability robustness, tracking performance, and pole placement of first-order unstable plants under PID control. We employ a multiplicity-induced dominancy (MID) strategy to design and tune PID controller gains, which is shown to possess desirable properties that ensure specified decay rate of the closed-loop response and the stability robustness of the closed-loop system in spite of variations in the delay parameter. We also study the tradeoff between delay robustness and tracking performance of PID controllers. We show that under the constraint of steady-state tracking, the maximal delay robustness range can be computed by solving a unimodal pseudo-concave optimization problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]