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Rational design of nanomedicine to accelerate thrombolysis and sequentially avoid thrombolysis-mediated reperfusion injury is still a challenge. Here, we develop a biomimetic nanovesicle (tPA/MNP@PM, tMP) by simple encapsulating melanin nanoparticles (MNP) and tPA with a platelet membrane vesicle (PM), which integrates the thrombus targeting property of PM, the photothermal conversion performance and free radical scavenging property of natural melanin for cascaded ischemic stroke treatment. Benefiting from natural thrombus-targeted adhesion capability of PM, nanovesicles could efficiently target thrombus site. Then near-infrared (NIR) mediated photothermal of MNP could lead to rupture of nanovesicles, thus achieving precise release of tPA in thrombus. Interestingly, local hyperthermia also increases the activity of tPA for accelerating thrombolysis. Afterwards, site specific released MNP (4.5 nm) accompanied by hemoperfusion can cross the BBB and accumulate in cerebral ischemia site, scavenging various free radicals and suppressing inflammation- and immune response–induced injury to achieve neuroprotection after thrombolysis. In addition, the biomimetic nanovesicle could block tPA-induced brain hemorrhage after stroke to improve thrombolytic therapy. The evaluation in ischemic stroke mice confirmed that the simple-prepared nanomedicine with cascaded thrombus targeting, precise thrombolysis and ischemia-reperfusion protection properties can significantly enhance the treatment effect of ischemic stroke. Ischemic stroke is recognized as a leading cause of death and disability in the world. Rational design of nanomedicine to accelerate thrombolysis and sequentially avoid thrombolysis-mediated reperfusion injury is still a challenge. Herein, a biomimetic nanovesicle (tMP) was developed for sequential ischemic stroke treatment. It could overcome the drawbacks of free tPA for safe thrombolysis: i) platelet membrane biomimetic coating significantly increases thrombus targeting; ii) NIR-mediated photothermal of natural melanin precise controlled release of tPA in thrombus in situ, and local hyperthermia also increases the thrombolytic activity of tPA. Notably, released melanin nanoparticles (4.5 nm) accompanied by hemoperfusion can across BBB and avoid ischemia-reperfusion injury through free radical scavenging and inflammation/immune response suppression. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transition of the world's energy system to a low-carbon system is instrumental in achieving global carbon neutrality. This transition of the energy system requires coordination and cooperation among different energy-focused agents as well as integrated development between the agents and the system. However, the low-carbon transition of the overall system cannot be achieved by the spontaneous evolution of the system itself, but requires policy guidance and the coordination of different directions and measures. Policy coordination can effectively integrate the goals and measures of energy policy, and can drive the development of agents within the energy system. In-depth survey and analysis on energy policy coordination show that more attention should be paid to these two research topics: dual carbon target and supply security of the energy system. Specifically, demand-side response, consumption-side reforms, and energy management innovation would become new research priorities. And future research methods of energy policy coordination should focus on quantitative analysis and machine learning. Further, econometric methods should be combined to explore the stack effect of multiple agents within the energy systems. Based on different logical approaches associated with energy policy choices, a multi-agent and multi-dimensional policy coordination framework should be constructed to provide implementation strategies for a coordinated evolutionary transition to low-carbon energy. • Analysis the main subjects and methods of policy coordination in the energy system transformation research. • Exploring the developing trends and researching focus of energy policy coordination driven by the carbon neutralization goal. • Established a foundation for readers who may want to analyze the energy system policy coordination in their own countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dynamic average consensus is a decentralized control/estimation framework where a group of agents cooperatively track the average of local time-varying reference signals. In this paper, we develop a novel state decomposition-based privacy preservation scheme to protect the privacy of agents when sharing information with neighboring agents. Specifically, we first show that an external eavesdropper can successfully wiretap the reference signals of all agents in a conventional dynamic average consensus algorithm. To protect privacy against the eavesdropper, a state decomposition scheme is developed where the original state of each agent is decomposed into two sub-states: one succeeds the role of the original state in inter-node interactions, while the other sub-state only communicates with the first one and is invisible to other neighboring agents. Rigorous analyses are performed to show that (1) the proposed privacy scheme preserves the convergence of the average consensus; and (2) the privacy of the agents is protected such that an eavesdropper cannot discover the private reference signals with guaranteed accuracy. The developed privacy-preserving dynamic average consensus framework is then applied to the formation control of multiple non-holonomic mobile robots, in which the efficacy of the scheme is demonstrated. Numerical simulation is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a growing need for robotic apple harvesting due to decreasing availability and rising cost in labor. Towards the goal of developing a viable robotic system for apple harvesting, this paper presents synergistic mechatronic design and motion control of a robotic apple harvesting prototype, which lays a critical foundation for future advancements. Specifically, we develop a deep learning-based fruit detection and localization system using a RGB-D camera. A three degree-of-freedom manipulator is designed with a hybrid pneumatic/motor actuation mechanism to achieve dexterous movements. A vacuum-based end-effector is used for apple detaching. These three components are integrated into a robotic apple harvesting prototype with simplicity, compactness, and robustness. Moreover, a nonlinear control scheme is developed for the manipulator to achieve accurate and agile motion control. Field experiments are conducted to demonstrate the performance of the developed apple harvesting robot. • The synergistic development of a robotic apple harvesting prototype is presented. • A control strategy is designed by fully exploiting the mechanical structure of the manipulator. • The experimental studies validate the design concept and underpin future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The power industry in China is the foremost emitter of carbon, necessitating a clean transition in its power generation segment for successful decarbonization. Identifying and quantitative analysis the critical factors that shape the transition and their operational mechanisms will help achieve a secure low-carbon transformation of the energy system. Nonetheless, the body of extensive research in this particular field remains notably limited. To bridge this gap, this paper initiates by developing a comprehensive mechanism framework (REEP) for the transition towards cleaner power generation including Resource endowment (abbreviated as R), Electricity market (abbreviated as E), Economic development (abbreviated as E) and Policy implementation (abbreviated as P) four fields. This framework is based on monthly power generation data derived from four categories of power generation sources at the provincial level in China, spanning the years 2014–2019. It dynamically and quantitative elucidates the multifaceted impacts of various influencing factors on the evolution of the power generation structure. Based on the REEP framework, we observe the power generation structure evolution trends. The study's findings underscore the significance of resource endowment as a paramount internal factor influencing the clean evolution of the power generation structure, while economic development emerges as a pivotal external driving force propelling its transformation. Despite wind and solar power generation accounting for a relatively small proportion at the end of the 14th Five Year Plan period, it is imperative for China to continue promoting the extensive development of renewable energy. While we should coordinate national power transmission and distribution on the foundation of incentivizing technological innovation in emission reduction and the development of energy storage technology. This approach is essential to comprehensively advance the low-carbon and stable development of the energy system, ultimately facilitating the realization of the dual-carbon goal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) system provides a new molecular diagnostic tool for construction of biosensor platforms due to its high programmability and target specificity. Herein, we developed a CRISPR-empowered electrochemical biosensor by combining the advantages of CRISPR/Cas13a and primer exchange reaction (PER), named PER-E-CRISPR, for target amplification-free and sensitive detection of miR-21. Dual-signal amplification procedures involve the binding of target miR-21 induced by CRISPR-based amplification, along with the hybridization of multiple short single-stranded DNA strands with PER concatemers. When target miR-21 is present, CRISPR/Cas13a specifically recognizes the target miRNA, triggering the trans -cleavage activity of CRISPR/Cas13a. Then Cas13a/crRNA/miRNA cleaved the predesigned ribonucleotide site in hairpin 1 (HP1) and released trigger to open hairpin 2 (HP2) modified on the electrode surface. Then PER bridge sequence contained in HP2 is exposed and hybridized with PER concatemers, following multiple short single-stranded DNA tagged with methylene blue (ssDNA-MB) bond with the PER concatemers. Under optimized conditions, PER-E-CRISPR assay for detecting miR-21 exhibits linearity in dynamic range from 10−13 to 10−7 M, and we obtained a limit of detection (LOD) of 30.2 fM. The established PER-E-CRISPR biosensor shows perfect practical performance in actual plasma, which may have great promising prospects for miRNA detection in the field of molecular diagnosis. [Display omitted] • CRISPR-empowered electrochemical biosensor with dual-signal amplification. • Nucleic acid amplification-free and sensitive detection of miRNA by PER-E-CRISPR. • Pre-synthesis of PER concatemer significantly improve the detection signal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]