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The objective of this study was to examine the present situation of dyadic coping in pregnant women with high-risk pregnancy and their spouses, as well as the relevant factors and the interactions between partners. From October 2022 to September 2023, a cross-sectional survey was undertaken, involving 460 pairs of pregnant women with high-risk pregnancy who were hospitalized for childbirth and their accompanying spouses. These participants completed self-assessments on dyadic coping, marital satisfaction, perceived stress, and self-efficacy through the completion of paper questionnaires. The collected data was then subjected to analysis utilizing correlation analysis and multiple linear regression. The actor-partner interdependence model (APIM) was then developed using the structural equation modeling(SEM) to test the binary association. Pregnant women preferred to utilize stressful communication, whereas their spouses employed supportive and delegated coping. Both external (such as education level, employment status, and medical insurance) and internal (such as marital satisfaction, perceived stress, and self-efficacy) factors were associated with pregnant women's dyadic coping. Education level and internal factors were also associated with the spouses' dyadic coping. In contrast to spouses, who can only have a partner effect on pregnant women through marriage satisfaction, all pregnant women's internal elements played the partner effect on the spouses' dyadic coping. The study's findings help identify populations with inadequate coping ability. Promoting marital satisfaction, self-efficacy, and reducing perceived stress are associated with enhancing the dyadic coping ability of pregnant women with high-risk pregnancy and their spouses. It also suggests that antenatal care should intervene with pregnant women with high-risk pregnancy and their spouses as a whole, and emphasize collaborative coping and effective mutual support between couples rather than spousal support alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A reliable DDA methods was developed for precise analysis of Alternaria mycotoxins. • Two sulfated Alternaria mycotoxins were identified in tomato samples. • A custom databased was established for Alternaria mycotoxins screening. Alternaria mycotoxins are food-related compounds that are mainly produced by Alternaria fungi species. However, it's difficult for Alternaria mycotoxins analysis, especially for conjugated metabolites in food safety surveillance. In this work, a novel data-dependent acquisition (DDA) full mass scan and products scan protocol was proposed for qualitative and quantitative analysis of five target mycotoxins in tomato samples using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap). In total, 24 sulfated metabolites were detected with post-data analysis techniques, and two sulfated metabolites (AME-sulfated and AOH-sulfated) were identified in Alternaria fungi -inoculated tomatoes. In addition, a custom database was established, and it was successfully applied for Alternaria mycotoxins and sulfated metabolites screening in tomatoes. With the improvement in high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) as well as post-data analysis techniques, DDA based HRMS method could be widely applied for compound analysis, identification, and screening in quantitative field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ti 3 C 2 MXenes were constructed via different strategies using HF-forming etchants or HF as etchants and were subsequently modified through alkalization to replace –F with O-containing terminal functional groups. Various analytical techniques were used to fully characterize all fabricated materials for confirming the formation of species with the desired morphologies and properties. ML-Ti 3 C 2 , etched with HF, presented a multilayered structure that made it resemble an accordion, while DL-Ti 3 C 2 , prepared using HF-forming etchants, was not completely etched, with some amounts of the parent compound's Al remaining in unformed vague laminated structures. ML-Ti 3 C 2 alkalization yielded ML-Ti 3 C 2 (OH) 2 , which was characterized by large amounts of O-containing functional groups and greatly enhanced porosity compared with that of ML-Ti 3 C 2. Methylene blue (MB) adsorption and photocatalytic degradation tests were then conducted to evaluate the functionalities of ML-Ti 3 C 2 (OH) 2 by putting it into direct application instead of being used as catalyst promoters. ML-Ti 3 C 2 (OH) 2 achieved adsorption–desorption equilibrium using MB in the dark within 30 min and 81.2% of MB was then selectively degraded over 120 min under simulated visible light irradiation. A possible degradation mechanism was proposed on the basis of the results of radical quenching experiments. This study offers a unique mechanism for directly applying MXene to the adsorption–photocatalytic degradation of organics in wastewater. For Preparation and regulation of two-dimensional Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene for enhanced adsorption-photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes in wastewater. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Mainstream partial Anammox was achieved after organic recovery in a new concept WWTP. • Anammox contributed 23.6% of TN removal, increasing TN removal efficiency by 15.0% • A shift from nitrification/denitrification to partial Anammox was observed. • Candidatus Brocadia was the dominant AnAOB in the double-sludge N removal system. Total nitrogen (TN) removal from municipal wastewater after organic recovery is challenging because of the low ratio of chemical oxygen demand (COD) to TN. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) is promising because it has no organic requirement, but its performance in treating effluents following COD captured remains unclear. This study used mainstream partial Anammox to remove nitrogen from effluent following magnetic separation within a continuous-flow anoxic–oxic reactor. Compared with traditional nitrification and denitrification, partial Anammox increased TN removal efficiency by 15.0% and contributed 23.6% of TN removal. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed that the copy number of the Anammox gene (hzsB) increased substantially, while those of the nitrite oxidation (nxrA) and denitrification (narG and nirS) genes decreased. High-throughput sequencing identified Candidatus Brocadia as the dominant genus of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of mainstream partial Anammox for treating COD-captured effluents and its potential in municipal wastewater treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Compression molding and demolding test (CMDT), a novel method to assess micron scale dry contact stiction and friction, was presented. • Micron scale stiction forces were measured and stiction stresses were examined in detail. • Micron scale friction forces were measured, friction stress and friction coefficient were estimated by coupling experimental results with the cavity expansion model and FEM. • Advantages and limitations of CMDT were discussed. Accurate and quantitative evaluation of friction is of fundamental interest for materials science and manufacturing. Driven by the trend towards miniaturization, micro metal forming techniques with characteristic forming dimensions approaching a few microns have developed rapidly over the past two decades. In contrast, the assessment of microscale friction is lagging. Here, we present a novel test, compression molding and demolding test (CMDT), to assess stiction and friction at the microscale. CMDT was conducted via in-situ instrumented molding and demolding of an Al specimen with cylindrical tool steel and Ti alloy punches. High-rate data acquisition enabled direct measurements, for the first time, of microscale stiction and friction forces during disengagement between the punches and the molded Al under dry contact conditions. Stiction and friction stresses were then deduced and analyzed. The average friction coefficient was estimated by combining the cavity expansion model and finite element method analysis. Examinations suggest that punch geometry and surface finish, together with the accuracy of estimating the sidewall contact pressure, influence the obtained friction coefficient values. CMDT exhibits merits such as high operation simplicity and measurement accuracy and offers an alternative approach to providing new experimental evidence for a range of microscale friction problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Sputtering damage" arising from high-energy negative ions plays a pivotal role in shaping the characteristics of indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films deposited through direct-current magnetron sputtering (DCMS). To mitigate this issue, we employ DCMS with an external anode. The increment in anode bias V A from 0 to +60V effectively diminishes the average kinetic energy of negative ions such as O−, O2− and InO− by reducing the cathode voltage. Additionally, the flux of positive ions (e.g., Ar+, In+, Sn+, O+) increases and their ion energy distribution functions (IEDFs) exhibit supplementary peaks at plasma potentials. Both facilitate film crystallization, as evidenced by the structural transition from subgrain to grain formations. Heightened surface roughness markedly enhances optical transmittance. Due to a reduced oxygen sticking coefficient, films grown with higher V A values exhibit increased oxygen vacancies, which serve as the primary charge carriers for ITO films. Consequently, ITO films attain their lowest resistivity (7.81 × 10 − 4 Ω c m) and highest optical transmittance (78.71 %) at V A = +60V. This investigation underscores the significant influence of the external anode bias on both ion behavior and film growth, providing a viable approach to enhance the electrical and optical properties of ITO films. • Elevating the external anode bias mitigates high-energy negative ions while promoting the generation of positive ions. • Increased external anode bias enhances crystallinity, alters orientation, and boosts oxygen vacancies in ITO films. • Higher external anode bias yielded ITO films with reduced resistivity and improved visible light transmittance. • External anode can mitigate ion-induced "sputtering damage" without reducing deposition rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) triggers subclinical intestinal barrier disruption prior to systemic low-grade inflammation. Increasing evidence suggests therapeutic effects of melatonin on systemic inflammation and gut microbiota remodelling. However, whether and how melatonin alleviates CIH-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction remains unclear. C57BL/6 J mice and Caco-2 cell line were treated. We evaluated gut barrier function spectrophotometrically using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labelled dextran. Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent staining were used to detect morphological changes in the mechanical barrier. Western blotting (WB) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) revealed the expression of tight junctions, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) levels. 16 S rRNA analysis of the colonic contents microflora. Flow cytometry was used to detect cytokines and Th17 cells with and without melatonin supplementation. We found that CIH could induce colonic mucosal injury, including reduction in the number of goblet cells and decrease the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins. CIH could decrease the abundance of the beneficial genera Clostridium , Akkermansia, and Bacteroides , while increasing the abundance of the pathogenic genera Desulfovibrio and Bifidobacterium. Finally, CIH facilitated Th17 differentiation via the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in vitro and elevated the circulating pro-inflammatory cytokine in vivo. Melatonin supplementation ameliorated CIH-induced intestinal mucosal injury, gut microbiota dysbiosis, enteric Th17 polarization, and systemic low-grade inflammation reactions mentioned-above. Melatonin attenuated CIH-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction by regulating gut flora dysbiosis, mucosal epithelium integrity, and Th17 polarization via STAT3 signalling. [Display omitted] • CIH disrupted the intestinal mechanical barrier, increased colonic permeability and decreased flora composition. • CIH promoted pathological Th17 cells-mediated intestinal immune barrier dysfunction via JAK2/STAT3 signaling. • Melatonin supplementation ameliorated the CIH-induced intestinal immune barrier by maintaining the Th17 balance. • Melatonin targeted CIH-activated STAT3 signaling, enhanced anti-inflammatory effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two novel dithienylethenes were obtained by appending triphenylethene and BF 2 bdk moieties at the termini of dithienylethene unit (TDBB and TDTB), in which BF 2 bdk group not only functions as electron acceptor (A) but also responds to volatile organic amines. Only TDBB displayed excellent visible light-triggered photochromism and fluorescent switching behavior in toluene and in the PMMA film upon alternating irradiation with blue light (460–470 nm) and near-infrared light (760–770 nm). More importantly, they displayed a distinct fluorescent turn-on and colorimetric sensing performance for volatile n -propylamine in THF. Specially, the addition of excessive n -propylamine can effectively modulate their photochromic properties in THF. And their PMMA films showed the fluorescent turn-off and colorimetric sensory behavior towards n -propylamine vapor. Consequently, they would be utilized as novel dual sensory materials for volatile primary or secondary amine vapors in the environment and biological systems. [Display omitted] • Two novel dithienylethenes were developed by appending triphenylethene and BF 2 bdk moieties. • Only TDBB displayed visible light-triggered photochromism and fluorescent switching behavior in toluene and PMMA film. • They displayed a distinct fluorescent turn-on and colorimetric sensing performance for volatile n -propylamine in THF. • The addition of n -propylamine can effectively modulate their photochromic properties in THF. • Their PMMA films showed the fluorescent turn-off and colorimetric sensory behavior towards n -propylamine vapor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]