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A linear and convex model has been recently presented for the operation of battery energy storage units that does not explicitly prevent their simultaneous charge and discharge in the problem formulation. This letter claims that the model in such a literature contribution is capable of ensuring the physical realizability of the battery dispatch only when nondiscrete decisions are considered in the optimization problem. This claim is demonstrated through the solution of two instances of a simple unit-commitment-based example comprising two generating units, one battery energy storage unit, and two time periods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This letter develops a mathematical model to distribute the under-frequency load shedding amount across the power system load points. The objective is to preserve the system operating point at post-contingency and after the load shedding as close as possible to that of pre-contingency. To do so, the total absolute change in line flows is sought to be minimized. Hence, the system security constraints satisfied before contingency occurrence are less vulnerable to violation. It is proven that when the number of credible contingencies exceeds load shedding candidates, an even distribution across the load points is optimal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]