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These instructions give guidelines for preparing papers for this publication. Presents information for authors publishing in this journal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

These instructions give guidelines for preparing papers for this publication. Presents information for authors publishing in this journal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses articles in the issue on topics including self-plagiarism.

Provides instructions and guidelines to prospective authors who wish to submit manuscripts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the research and implementation of a China Digital Radio (CDR) experimental network in Hubei, China with two FM-CDR transmitting stations and four FM-band channels. To study the coverage discontinuity problem in a large service area, the experimental network employs an intelligent networking solution that incorporates multiple service channels carrying Broadcast and Data Services (BADS) and a Common-Regional-Information Channel (CRIC) carrying both service data and system information. The electronic service guide (ESG) carried by CRIC can inform the receivers about the available contents from current and adjacent stations, which can significantly improve the service quality in the overlapping areas, especially under mobile reception environment. Two RF tuners are used in the receiving terminals to access the CRIC, and the BADS channel, respectively. This paper first presents the frequency analysis and coverage tests of the experimental network, and then summarizes the coverage performances with different transmission parameter combinations. The goal is to gain experience in frequency planning, coverage prediction, as well as supportable services of CDR digital audio broadcasting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cooperative vehicle safety (CVS) systems have been receiving significant attention as key enablers of important intelligent transportation system (ITS) applications, such as cooperative collision warning, emergency braking, and auto driving. In CVS systems, vehicles periodically broadcast short packets that include various types of vehicular information, e.g., position and speed. In this paper, we propose an optimization method for the broadcast rate in vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) broadcast communications at an intersection based on theoretical analysis. We consider a model in which the locations of vehicles are modeled separately as queuing, and running segments and derive key performance metrics of V2V broadcast communications through a stochastic geometry approach. We develop closed-form approximate formulas for the theoretical expressions because they are mathematically intractable. Based on approximate analysis, we optimize the broadcast rate such that the interference at an intersection is mitigated and the overall performance of V2V communications is maximized. Because of the closed-form approximation, the optimal rate can be used as a guideline for a real-time control-method, which cannot be achieved through time-consuming simulations. We evaluate our method through numerical examples and demonstrate its effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Terrestrial broadcast has traditionally targeted TV receivers in the home. But today’s most popular screens are those of SmartPhones and Tablet PCs. (Painful) Experience has shown that in order to reach those gadgets, IEEE- and 3GPP-specified solutions are required. Starting with TOoL+, the authors have proposed bridges between traditional broadcast and today’s wireless connectivity. Within the set of specifications of 3GPP such bridges named MBS, MBMS, and FeMBMS now exist – with limited acceptance by cellular network operators so far. The rapidly growing number of popular data services to SmartPhones, connected cars, etc., and 5G New Radio may change this in the future. Therefore, this paper presents a broadcast extension of today’s 5G New Radio supporting the implementation of High Tower High Power/Medium Power Medium Tower networks overlaying cellular networks. The extension was implemented using software defined radio and tested in a real-world field trial in Germany. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper encompasses various topics for 5G-involved broadcasting under the common context converged distribution of 5G media. Particularly, two primary subtopics are addressed: An overlaid coexistence of 5G terrestrial broadcast and Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) 3.0; and dual connectivity applications built on top of the convergence between digital broadcasting and 5G unicasting. In the first part, a viable, time-sharing co-transmission system is introduced to overlay 5G Broadcast and ATSC 3.0 frames in the same radio spectrum. The system is carefully designed to comply with current 5G and ATSC 3.0 standards, so that it does not require modifications in either ATSC 3.0 or 5G specifications. To help the future planning in a technical aspect, the reliability performance is in-depth compared between 5G Broadcast and ATSC 3.0 frames, and the motivation of tower overlaying is discussed as well. Subsequently in the $2^{\mathrm{ nd}}$ part, the convergence is in parallel explored with respect to the dual connectivity. To settle a broad-ranged consensus for future convergence, various possible use cases are proposed in an application aspect. Technical, conceptual proposals and implementations are presented, specifically related to edge caching; 8K streaming (with a working prototype); large-scale software updating; data security; and location tracking. We hereby point out how dual connectivity can contribute to realistic scenarios. In turn, the scope of convergence use cases is desirably expanded, so that would encourage the initiatives bridging 5G and broadcasting into practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a novel bluetooth low energy (BLE) protocol enabling a BLE node to perform RF fingerprint acquisition by measuring the received signal strength (RSS) from its neighboring nodes and simultaneously broadcast the acquired fingerprint via its advertising packet. However, the fingerprint acquisition and broadcast process in a dense BLE network is very challenging owing to: 1) the likelihood of packet collision; and 2) the length-constrained packet. To this end, we exploit a compressive sensing (CS) framework allowing each node to acquire no more than $M$ M measurements from a very dense network, in which the number of nodes $N$ N is far greater than $M$ M . By aggregating the $M$ M -dimensional compressed fingerprint vector from $s

To protect military broadcasting against both hostile interference and eavesdropping, an artificial noise (AN) sheltered frequency hopping (FH) broadcasting (ANS-FHB) architecture is proposed in this paper, and the secrecy capacity is employed to measure its secrecy performance. Besides, considering the inevitable frequency mismatch after synchronization will degrade system secrecy in practical applications, the optimal transmitting power allocation (PA) for the confidential information (CI) and AN is provided to maximize secrecy capacity in presence of frequency mismatch. Moreover, to be adapted to various application scenarios, the proposed optimal PA scheme is further simplified according to the frequency synchronization ability and relative channel quality. The analysis and simulations show that the proposed ANS-FHB system can achieve a non-negative secrecy rate even when existing multiple eavesdroppers. In addition, the optimal power ratio of AN to CI shows a downward trend from one to zero as frequency mismatch increases to mitigate the secrecy loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of disseminating continuous data flow from a given source node to all other network nodes is known as the dynamic broadcast problem, which is also a fundamental problem in multi-hop wireless networks (e.g., wireless ad hoc and sensor networks). Due to link unreliability and node mobility, the topology of a network typically changes with time. Little work has been conducted to address the dynamic broadcast problem in time-varying wireless multi-hop networks, especially under the popular Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise-Ratio (SINR) interference model. In this paper, we study the dynamic broadcast problem in SINR-based time-varying directed acyclic multi-hop wireless networks formed by point-to-point wireless links. We consider the SINR-based link transmission rate model involved in the slot-based link scheduling. We first prove a tight upper bound for the broadcast capacity of the multi-hop wireless networks under study. We then propose an online max-weight Throughput-Optimal Dynamic Broadcast algorithm (TODB) which performs link weight allocation, link scheduling, and data forwarding for each time slot according to the current network connectivity and data reception rates of nodes. We derive the throughput-optimality of the TODB algorithm by proving that the broadcast throughput of TODB can achieve the aforementioned upper bound of the broadcast capacity. We evaluate the performance of TODB in terms of throughput and latency via simulations and the results validate its effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) has proposed to introduce the Ultra-High Definition services in three phases: UHD-1 phase 1, UHD-1 phase 2 and UHD-2. The UHD-1 phase 2 specification includes several new features such as High Dynamic Range (HDR) and High Frame-Rate (HFR). It has been shown in several studies that HFR (+100 fps) enhances the perceptual quality and that this quality enhancement is content-dependent. On the other hand, HFR brings several challenges to the transmission chain including codec complexity increase and bit-rate overhead, which may delay or even prevent its deployment in the broadcast echo-system. In this paper, we propose a Variable Frame Rate (VFR) solution to determine the minimum (critical) frame-rate that preserves the perceived video quality of HFR video. The frame-rate determination is modeled as a 3-class classification problem which consists in dynamically and locally selecting one frame-rate among three: 30, 60 and 120 frames per second. Two random forests classifiers are trained with a ground truth carefully built by experts for this purpose. The subjective results conducted on ten HFR video contents, not included in the training set, clearly show the efficiency of the proposed solution enabling to locally determine the lowest possible frame-rate while preserving the quality of the HFR content. Moreover, our VFR solution enables significant bit-rate savings and complexity reductions at both encoder and decoder sides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Broadcasting is an essential operation in wireless networks for disseminating the message from the source node to all other nodes. Unfortunately, the problem of Minimum Latency Broadcast Scheduling (MLBS) in duty-cycled wireless sensor networks is not well studied. In existing works, the construction of broadcast tree and the scheduling of transmissions are conducted separately, where a tree-based structure is used as the input of the scheduling algorithm. Relying on a pre-determined tree may result in a much large latency even using the optimal scheduling method. Thus, the MLBS problem in duty-cycled WSNs without the above limitation is investigated in this paper. First, to avoid relying on a pre-determined structure, a two-step scheduling algorithm is proposed to construct the broadcast tree and compute a collision-free schedule simultaneously. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that can integrate these two kinds of operations together. Second, a novel transmission mode, i.e., concurrent broadcasting, is first introduced for wireless networks and several techniques are designed to further improve the broadcast latency. Third, the multiple messages broadcasting and all-to-all broadcasting algorithms, which can generate a series of broadcast schedules independently without a pre-determined tree, are also proposed by taking care of the collisions in both the current and the previous broadcast schedules. Finally, the theoretical analysis and experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithms in terms of latency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multicast and broadcast transmissions enhance the spectrum efficiency by delivering a single packet to multiple terminal users. The service continuity (SC) mechanism enables users to continue the service reception when the original transmission is not available anymore. For multicast and broadcast transmissions, the SC mechanism is different from that of unicast because of the different reception conditions. We design and analyze a set of SC mechanisms for New Radio (NR) multicast and broadcast transmissions (MBS) in this paper. The designed SC mechanisms do not require extra data-forwarding resources while meeting the interruption time requirements of diverse applications. To minimize the signalling overhead while meeting the latency requirements, we propose a dynamic SC configuration framework. With the framework, the network condition information is collected and the most suitable SC mechanism is chosen with its parameters. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed dynamic configuration framework outperforms the LTE eMBMS solution with up to 84.07% signaling overhead reduction, facilitating a more efficient multicast and broadcast system in NR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There emerges a strong trend recently to create an intelligent and controllable wireless transmission environment by installing reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) on the surface of diverse. We research the use of RIS in 5G multicast TV applications in this paper. In particular, the shape-adaptive RIS is developed to relay 5G multicast TV signals and achieve extra RIS gain. To optimize the shape bending in RIS model, we employ the algorithm of Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG), a reinforcement learning technique that combines both Q-learning and Policy gradients. Our simulation results show that RIS can considerably enhance the SINR of worst users and improve the system’s overall Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) level for 5G mobile broadcasting services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Along with the commercialization of evolved multimedia broadcast multicast services (eMBMS), the number of mobile broadcasting users is growing notably. Previous works reveal that the accuracy of mobile channel estimation will significantly impact the quality of broadcasting services. Motivated by this fact, we apply machine learning (ML) to the fifth-generation Radio Access Network (5G RAN) slicing in this paper for the estimation and the prediction of the channel status in mobile scenarios. More specifically, a cascaded convolutional neural network (CNN)-long short term memory network (LSTM) architecture is developed to achieve channel estimation for mobile broadcasting users. The energy efficiency of the base station (BS) is modeled mathematically, and the sub-optimal solution is achieved by deep Q-Network (DQN) based on the available channel status. Finally, we present the simulation results to justify the performance of our proposed schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents feasibility verification of the Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) 3.0 MIMO system for 8K-UHD terrestrial broadcasting services. For a reliable performance evaluation, computer simulation, laboratory test, and field trial are conducted, and the tests’ results are compared with the same performance metrics. Several physical layer configurations with various data rates from 63 Mbps to 113 Mbps are verified. The field trial results confirm that the ATSC 3.0 MIMO system can support data rates up to 113 Mbps within a 6 MHz bandwidth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), a recently introduced technology for future wireless communication systems, enhances the spectral and energy efficiency by intelligently adjusting the propagation conditions between base stations (BSs) and mobile equipments (MEs). An RIS consists of many low-cost passive reflecting elements that are optimized to improve the quality of the received signal. In this paper, we study the problem of power control at the BS and RIS optimization for application to physical-layer broadcasting. Our goal is to minimize the transmit power at the BS by jointly designing the transmit beamforming at the BS and the phase shifts of the passive elements at the RIS. Furthermore, to help validate the proposed optimization methods, we derive lower bounds to quantify the average transmit power at the BS as a function of the number of MEs, the number of RIS elements, and the number of antennas at the BS. The simulation results demonstrate that the average transmit power at the BS is close to the lower bound in an RIS-aided system, and is significantly lower than the average transmit power in conventional schemes without an RIS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we investigate distributed broadcasting in dynamic networks, where the topology changes continually over time. We propose a network model that captures the dynamicity caused by both churn and mobility of nodes. In contrast to existing work on dynamic networks, our model defines the dynamicity in terms of localized topological changes in the vicinity of each node, rather than a global view of the whole network. Obviously, a local dynamic model suits distributed algorithms better than a global one. The proposed dynamic model uses the more realistic SINR model to depict wireless interference, instead of oversimplified graph-based models adopted in most existing work. We consider the fundamental communication primitive of global broadcast, which is to disseminate a message from a source node to the whole network. Specifically, we present a randomized distributed algorithm that can accomplish dynamic broadcasting in an asymptotically optimal running time of $O(D_{T})$ with a high probability guarantee, under the assumption of reasonably constant dynamicity rate, where $D_{T}$ is the dynamic diameter, a parameter proposed to depict the complexity of dynamic broadcasting. We believe our local dynamic model can greatly facilitate distributed algorithm studies in mobile and dynamic wireless networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates secure broadcast communications in intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-aided millimeter wave (mmWave) symbiotic radio (SR) networks, where the IRS and the base station (BS) are cooperating. Specifically, the IRS assists secure broadcasting for the BS by smartly reconfiguring the phase shifts of the signals from the BS, while delivering its own information to an Internet-of-Things device (IoD). We aim at maximizing the minimum secrecy rate of multiple users by jointly designing the hybrid precoder at the BS and the passive beamformer at the IRS, subject to the rate constraints of both the multiple users and the IoD. The design is formulated as a non-convex optimization problem, which is intractable. To handle it, we develop a computationally efficient iterative algorithm based on the successive convex approximation, the efficiency and superiority of which have been validated by simulation results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The media landscape is undergoing unprecedented transformations. Content creators and service providers had been for decades in control of how technology tailored to media applications was deployed and adopted in networks and devices to serve audiences. Disruption started when the Internet and global technologies and networks enabled content delivery and consumption at anytime, anywhere, and by means of any device. This new paradigm, where the Internet is fully accessible to the media industry, creates opportunities for innovation across the entire value chain, involving new services, innovative products, and a direct relationship with users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

5G systems are becoming a reality and the evolution toward beyond 5G and 6G systems is already being defined, also to cope with the ever increasing capacity demanded by on-ground users. This will pose challenging requirements on the feeder link of future satellite systems, which risks to become a bottleneck for the overall system performance. In this article, we propose a novel architecture of linear precoding for the feeder link of a broadcast satellite system operating with full frequency reuse to significantly enhance the achievable capacity. The architecture has been simulated and tested in a challenging multifrequency scenario, where Ku, Ka, Q/V, and W bands have been considered for transmission. The numerical performance analysis and the open issues related to the practical realization of the proposed architecture are also thoroughly discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work is focused on the system-level performance of a broadcast network. Since all transmitters in a broadcast network transmit identical signals, received signals from multiple transmitters can be combined to improve system performance. We develop a stochastic geometry-based analytical framework to derive the coverage of a typical receiver. We show that there may exist an optimal connectivity radius that maximizes the rate coverage. Our analysis includes the fact that users may have their individual content/advertisement preferences. We assume that there are multiple classes of users with each user class preferring a particular type of content/advertisements and the users will pay the network only when they can see content aligned with their interest. The operator may choose to transmit multiple contents simultaneously to cater to more users’ interests to increase its revenue. We present revenue models to study the impact of the number of contents on the operator revenue. We consider two scenarios for users’ distribution- one where users’ interest depends on their geographical location and the other where it doesn’t. With the help of numerical results and analysis, we show the impact of various parameters including content granularity, connectivity radius, and rate threshold and present important design insights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A relevant solution for the high demand for new multimedia applications and services is millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency band in 5G. However, in order to face the technological challenges of the present and those that will appear in the short-term future, it is necessary to improve the spectral efficiency of 5G systems. In particular, the Radio Resource Management (RRM) module is considered an essential component. Nevertheless, resource allocation techniques that combine orthogonal multiplexing (OMA) schemes, such as Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), with Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) techniques have not been studied in-depth. Therefore, this article designs and evaluates different RRM models that combine TDMA with NOMA for innovative applications in the 5G mmWave frequency bands. To this end, the advantages and challenges associated with mmWave frequency bands and potential future applications are introduced. An innovative use case has been designed to test the RRM models. The use case is based on the on-demand distribution of multimedia content in high-density environments, such as museum halls. The on-demand content aims at offering Augmented Reality (AR) services to unicast users in order to provide personalized services. The models have been evaluated in terms of throughput, capacity, and availability. According to the results, the combined RRM techniques offer up to 50% more capacity than the single multiplexing technology models and can provide video-on-demand service to practically the entire cell. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We characterize the capacity region of the two-user broadcast packet erasure channel (PEC) with single-user delayed channel state information (CSI). More precisely, we assume one receiver does not provide its channel state to the other two nodes (the other receiver and the transmitter), while the other receiver reveals its state globally with unit delay. This is a hybrid CSI at the transmitter (CSIT) setting where the transmitter has the delayed CSI of one user but not the other. Previous results developed opportunistic network coding schemes for this setting, which strictly enlarge the achievable rate region compared to the no-CSIT baseline. Characterization of the capacity region with single-user delayed CSI, however, remained open. In this work, we develop an improved achievability strategy and show that the capacity region, surprisingly, matches that of the broadcast PEC with global delayed CSI of both users. The key to such improvement over previous results is a new precoding strategy for the retransmission phase of the opportunistic network coding scheme. It harnesses the single-user delayed CSI in the retransmission phase, so that interference from the feedback receiver can be aligned at the other receiver. Besides the broadcast PEC with two private messages, an extension to a model with an additional common message is also provided and the corresponding capacity region with single-user CSI also matches that with global delayed CSI. Finally, further extensions to three-user cases are also provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]