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Quantifying aleatory and epistemic uncertainty in nonlinear structural response simulation is key to robust performance-based seismic assessments. This paper focuses on the modeling parameters that are used to describe the nonlinear force-deformation response of the equivalent infill struts used in models of reinforced concrete frames with infills. The variability in several parameters is characterized by developing empirical and theoretical multivariate probability distributions based on the deduced-to-predicted ratios derived using data from 113 physical experiments. The effect of the uncertainty in the infill strut modeling parameters on maximum story drift ratios and associated limit state fragility functions is investigated for a 3-story reinforced concrete frame building with infills. Multiple stripe analysis is performed using hazard-consistent ground motions. Relative to when only record-to-record variability is considered, modeling parameter uncertainty has a non-negligible effect on the dispersion of the maximum story drift ratios, and affects both the median and dispersion of the limit state fragilities.

Objective: various sources of evidence suggest that men and women differ in their experience of sexual pleasure. Such gender differences have been attributed to men’s higher innate sex drive, supported by evolutionary psychology perspectives and gender differences in reproductive strategies.Method: this paper presents biopsychosocial evidence for gender similarities in the capacity to experience pleasure, and for substantial gender differences in opportunities for sexual pleasure.Results: we conclude that sexual activity, in most cultures, is less pleasurable and associated with greater cost for heterosexual women than for heterosexual men, even though they do not differ in the capacity for sexual pleasure.Conclusion: since gender differences in experienced sexual pleasure are not a biological given, a more critical discourse of sexual pleasure might create awareness of current inequalities, help lift restrictions for women’s opportunities for pleasure, and could reduce gender differences in the cost of sex. That would truly serve sexual justice around the globe.