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Sustainability is one of the main goals to pursue in several aspects of everyday life; the recent energy shortage and the price raise worsen this problem, especially in the management of energy in buildings. As the Internet of Things (IoT) is an assessed computing paradigm able to capture meaningful data from the field and send them to cloud infrastructures, other approaches are also enabled, namely model-based approaches. These methods can be used to predict functional and non-functional properties of Building Energy Management Systems (BEMS) before setting up them. This paper aims at bridging the gap between model-based approaches and physical realizations of sensing and small computing devices. Through an integrated approach, able to exploit the power of different dialects of Petri Nets, this paper proposes a methodology for the early evaluation of BEMS properties as well as the automatic generation of IoT controllers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effective energy futures price prediction is an important work in the energy market. However, the existing research on the application of "decomposition-prediction" framework still has shortcomings in noise processing and signal reconstruction. In view of this, this paper first uses PSO to optimize VMD to improve the effectiveness of single decomposition, and further uses SGMD to capture the remaining key information after extracting low-frequency modal components by using PSO-VMD technology. Further, combined with LSTM to predict each component, a new PSO-VMD-SGMD-LSTM hybrid model is innovatively constructed. The empirical research results based on the real energy market transaction price show that compared with the benchmark model, the hybrid model proposed in this paper has obvious forecasting advantages in different forecasting scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we focus on the analysis of factors influencing the siting decision of coal emergency reserve centers. Specifically, we first draw on the quality function deployment theory in marketing to logically integrate the ideas of this study. On this basis, we adopted an interdisciplinary fuzzy decision-making method, namely the G1-entropy method, to quantitatively evaluate the research of this paper. Thereafter, we constructed a three-level index system based on the characteristics of the coal emergency reserve site selection, and used the G1-entropy value method to calculate the weights of the indicators in the coal emergency reserve center siting decision index system and obtain the results. Our research findings have found that the three key indicators of coal conventional reserve, emergency coal transportation methods, and emergency response time play a crucial role in the decision-making of coal emergency reserve center location. Therefore, we propose specific countermeasures and suggestions for these three key indicators. Our study can provide support for the government to better select the location of emergency coal reserves, better improve the national energy layout, and provide support for relevant decision makers on how to better reserve coal. The location of the emergency coal reserve center can better play the role of strategic reserve to stabilize the market function, effectively respond to the impact of various events on the energy market, and can make corresponding suggestions to the construction of the national energy security reserve system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the use of an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) to enhance the operational efficiency of data centers. It focuses on developing an optimal energy scheduling strategy for a data center equipped with UPS, using the Markov decision process (MDP) framework. The MDP framework simulates the decision-making process involved in minimizing energy costs. Each unit's available power output in the data center is treated as a Markov state, taking into account the uncertainty associated with renewable distributed generation. This uncertainty drives the system to transition to other Markov states in subsequent decision times. A recursive optimization model is established for each Markov state at each decision time to guide state-based operations, which includes determining the unit output while considering both current and future costs. The challenge of dealing with high dimensionality, arising from a substantial number of states and actions in the model, is effectively addressed by adopting an approximate dynamic programming (ADP) method. This approach incorporates decision-state and forwards dynamic algorithms to tackle the complexity of the MDP-based model. By employing ADP, the computational burden is reduced, enabling efficient and practical solutions to be obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The energy factor is the foundation of economic and social development, and it is also an important prerequisite for the effective operation of the elderly care industry. Based on the perspective of energy factor input, this paper constructs the DPSR mechanism model of the energy-elderly care industry system. Taking Shanghai as an example, through its 2010–2019 15 index data such as energy factors and industrial economy, the Entropy-TOPSIS method is comprehensively used to evaluate the energy-elderly care industry system. Finally, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) The energy factor has an important impact on the operation of the elderly care industry through its effect on the driving force module, the pressure module and the state module; (2) The elderly care industry has an important impact on the energy factor through the conduction of the response module; (3) The evaluation results of the Shanghai energy-elderly care industry system showed a continuous improvement trend from 2010 to 2019. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electricity market violations affect the overall operations of the electricity market. This paper explores the evolutionary stability strategies of electricity generation enterprises and electricity consumers under two modes: traditional regulation and blockchain regulation to analyze blockchain technology's mechanism and conditions in solving electricity market violations. The experimental results indicate that the likelihood of consumers accepting electricity and the regulatory capacity of regulatory agencies play a crucial role in determining the violation approach adopted by electricity generation enterprises. Under traditional regulatory models, due to information asymmetry, regulatory agencies may not be able to detect violations promptly. Meanwhile, electricity consumers may choose to accept violations by power generation companies due to high appeal costs. Blockchain technology enables regulatory agencies to improve their regulatory capabilities by eliminating information asymmetry, reducing the cost of complaints from electricity consumers, thereby elevating the risk for enterprises engaging in market violations and optimizing the evolutionary game towards an optimum state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The world's energy offer has been beneath an incredible pressure because of the speedy depletion of fossil resources, energy security, environmental issues and therefore the ever-increasing fashionable living sophistication. The problem of persistent hikes in oil costs, climate threats and soaring energy demand has pleased the worldwide interest to exploiting and investment in renewable sorts of energy (RE), alternative energy specially. A electrical phenomenon, PV system is simple to put in, has no moving components, is sort of freed from maintenance, reduced vulnerability to power loss and is expandable. Despite these benefits, PV energy prices significantly on top of fossil fuels. This can be because of its lower effectiveness and better prices. In PV systems tracking MPPT in effective manner is still the problem. In this paper, the 1000 W grid connected PV system has been taken for analysis of various MPPT techniques. Grid connected PV system modeled, tested under totally different irradiation conditions and conjointly for partial shading conditions. additional it's enforced under partial shading condition for early MPPT ways, improvement methodology,at finally adopted deep learning methodology for the system and therefore the obtained results were compared with different methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of microgrid in the electric power industry, the microgrid electric energy transaction has begun to be marketized, and the research on the microgrid electric energy trusted transaction has important theoretical research value and social value. The existing blockchain-based microgrid electric energy trusted transaction models mostly focus on energy management and scheduling control between microgrids when conducting electric energy transactions, and do not fully consider the bidding problems in the market-based transaction of microgrid electric energy, resulting in trading strategies are difficult to adapt to new market changes. In response to this problem, this paper proposes a reliable transaction approach for microgrid electric energy based on a continuous two-way auction mechanism. The proposed strategy accounts for the volatility of electricity prices in the microgrid trading market and employs the continuous two-way auction mechanism to evaluate the microgrid electricity trading tactics. In the microgrid electric energy transaction, the self-adaptive learning theory is applied to adjust the quotations of both parties, so that both parties can make reasonable quotations according to the market environment. By simulating experimental data, the findings indicate that the continuous two-way auction mechanism transaction strategy enables both parties to modify their quotations based on market transaction information, thereby displaying a high degree of flexibility in microgrid electricity's market-oriented trading. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy-aware scheduling has been viewed as a feasible way to reduce energy consumption during the production process. Recently, energy-aware job shop scheduling problems (EAJSPs) have received wide attention in the manufacturing area. However, the majority of previous literature about EAJSPs supposed that all jobs are fabricated in the in-house workshop, while the outsourcing of jobs to some available subcontractors is neglected. To get close to practical production, the outsourcing and scheduling are simultaneously determined in an energy-aware job shop problem with outsourcing option (EAJSP-OO). To formulate the considered problem, a novel mathematical model is constructed to minimize the sum of completion time cost, outsourcing cost and energy consumption cost. Considering the strong complexity, a self-learning interior search algorithm (SLISA) is developed based on reinforcement learning. In the SLISA, a new Q-learning algorithm is embedded to dynamically select search strategies to prevent blind search in the iteration process. Extensive experiments are carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm. Simulation results indicate that the SLISA is superior to the compared existing algorithms in more than 50% of the instances of the considered EAFJSP-OO problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]