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Enhancing the total factor productivity in forestry is an important part of deepening the reform of the collective forest rights system. Based on the survey data of 295 forest plots in 12 towns of Liuyang City, Hunan Province, China, the study utilized a three-stage DEA model to assess the total factor productivity of forestry at the plot level. The empirical study employs Tobit and fractional regression models to investigate the effects and differences of forestry subsidies and forestry regulatory policies on the heterogeneous total factor productivity of different types of forests. The study found that: (1) the mean value of plot-scale forestry total factor productivity is 0.127, and there are obvious differences in total factor productivity among timber forests, economic forests, and mixed forests; and (2) afforestation subsidies and nurturing subsidies significantly positively influence high-level TFP. Ecological benefit compensation positively affects high-level TFP, but is not significant at any level of TFP. Forestry regulatory policies negatively impact high-level TFP, but are not significant at any level of TFP. This paper puts forward countermeasure suggestions to improve forestry subsidy policies, optimize forestry regulatory policies, and improve forestry total factor productivity from the perspective of heterogeneous forest types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An in vitro gastrointestinal digestion model was applied to investigate the effect of digestion on the phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. (jackfruit) pulp. The total phenol content (TPC) was determined using Folin–Ciocalteu method, and the antioxidant activities were evaluated by DPPH and ABTS assays. Phenolic compounds were analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization, followed by quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS). The results showed that TPC was significantly higher after gastric digestion. Thirty phenolic compounds (hydroxybenzoic acids and derivatives, hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives, and flavonoids) were identified. The antioxidant activities of the digested samples varied with the TPC, and there was a correlation between antioxidant activity and TPC. The present study implies that gastrointestinal digestion may improve TPC and increase the amount of free phenolic compounds, mainly related to changes in pH value and digestive enzymes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to reduce the environmental pollution near the port and save the cost of power supply, it is necessary to use shore power technology to power the ships that dock. This paper studies a power distribution strategy based on hybrid energy supply system. Through the establishment of wind power generation subsystem, photovoltaic power generation subsystem, and then combined with the national grid system to form a hybrid energy onshore power supply system, using the hybrid energy power supply system to power the ship. Without considering the power connection device, the whole shore power system was gridding processing. The objective function is established with the lowest cost of power supply system, and the grid node coefficient is calculated with different optimization algorithms to realize power distribution of port shore power supply system. The results showed that the power supply cost of the hybrid power supply system obtained by genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) is lower than the traditional power supply cost, and the power distribution is realized according to the distribution node coefficient. It provides a theoretical basis and application reference for the optimization scheme of energy management combined with port power and distributed power supply and the construction and management of new shore power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]