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The compounding of polyoxometalates (POMs) with structurally well-defined and porous metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) has become a hot research topic. Here, a core–shell type hybrid, {Ag5BW12O40}@[Ag3(μ-Hbtc)(μ-H2btc)]n (called {Ag5BW12O40}@Ag-BTC-2, where BTC = 1,3,5-benzyl carboxylic acid), was successfully prepared via a simple grinding method. IR, XRD, SEM, TEM, and XPS analysis was used to confirm the structure. The specific capacitance is 179.1 F g−1 when the current density is 1 A g−1, using nickel foam as the collector, and the capacitance retention is 97.4% after 5000 cycles. The resulting aqueous-based symmetric supercapacitor has a power density of 496 W kg−1 and an energy density of 12.4 W h kg−1. In addition, the degradation rates using {Ag5BW12O40}@Ag-BTC-2 toward methylene blue (MB), rhodamine B (RhB), and methyl orange (MO) exceeded 90% in 140 min and remained essentially unchanged over five replicate experiments, showing high photocatalytic activity. Meanwhile, when {Ag5BW12O40}@Ag-BTC-2 acts as a H2O2 biosensor, it has a low detection limit (0.19 μM), a wide linear range (0.4 μM–0.27 mM) and high anti-interference properties. This shows that the synthesis of POMOFs via a grinding method is an effective strategy to improve the performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the conceptual frame of "One Health", the safety crisis caused by various toxicological issues due to chemical exposure is of great concern. The urgent demand for environmentally safe chemicals is increasing the awareness of the importance of designing non-toxic chemical molecules. The expanding toxicological data can provide a foundation for studying interactions between the living organisms and environment. However, a large amount of toxicological data is fragmented and scattered in the literature and online resources. Thus, to promote the more efficient use of toxicological information, further collection and collation of the current toxicity data is urgent. In the present review, we discuss the application of existing toxicological data to support environmental risk assessment and guide green chemical design. The importance of chemical toxicity data for human health and ecological risk assessment, trends of available chemical toxicity data, details of the common structural features associated with different toxicity endpoints, and applications of toxicological big data in toxicity prediction combined with artificial intelligence are described and discussed. Additionally, based on the systematic collection and analysis of the current toxicity data, a reorganized toxicological databank is provided to cover a wider range of organic chemicals and tested species. It is expected that this work can contribute to the study of organic structural toxicity, chemical toxicity prediction, environmental risk assessment, and safer chemical design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Covering: May 1966 up to January 2022 Entomopathogenic microorganisms have potential for biological control of insect pests. Their main secondary metabolites include polyketides, nonribosomal peptides, and polyketide–nonribosomal peptide (PK–NRP) hybrids. Among these secondary metabolites, polyketides have mainly been studied for structural identification, pathway engineering, and for their contributions to medicine. However, little is known about the function of polyketides in insect virulence. This review focuses on the role of bacterial and fungal polyketides, as well as PK–NRP hybrids in insect infection and killing. We also discuss gene distribution and evolutional relationships among different microbial species. Further, the role of microbial polyketides and the hybrids in modulating insect–microbial symbiosis is also explored. Understanding the mechanisms of polyketides in insect pathogenesis, how compounds moderate the host–fungus interaction, and the distribution of PKS genes across different fungi and bacteria will facilitate the discovery and development of novel polyketide-derived bio-insecticides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]