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2. Xenophilia in a Multi-cultural Urban Neighborhood of Pretoria, South Africa: An Auto-ethnographic Account.
- Author
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Tewolde, Amanuel Isak
- Subjects
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INTERETHNIC friendship , *XENOPHOBIA , *CRIMES against immigrants , *INTERPERSONAL relations , *SOCIAL cohesion , *INTERGROUP relations - Abstract
The increased immigration to post-apartheid South Africa of Black African migrants has given rise to widespread xenophobic sentiments and recurrent violence against them. Over the past three decades, migration scholars have extensively studied the phenomenon of xenophobia as a major problem in citizen–migrant relations. However, most migration scholars' predominant focus on xenophobia in South Africa appears to have overlooked positive migrant–citizen relations in some places, though a few scholars have noted the presence of xenophilia in certain communities. Drawing on an auto-ethnographic qualitative approach, this paper reports on my own lived experiences, as a Black African refugee, with xenophilia in my everyday interactions in a multi-cultural urban suburb of Sunnyside, Pretoria. This paper attempts to add nuance to existing scholarship on citizen–non-citizen relations in post-apartheid South Africa. I argue that multi-cultural urban neighborhoods in South Africa, where there are everyday inter-ethnic interactions, friendships, amenities, services, and shared spaces, tend to function as drivers of social cohesion and inter-group conviviality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Economic Inequality in Social Cohesion Among Older Adults in Low and Middle-Income Countries.
- Author
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Chauhan, Shekhar, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Jaleel, Abdul, and Patel, Ratna
- Subjects
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WELL-being , *SOCIAL participation , *STATISTICS , *MIDDLE-income countries , *SPIRITUALITY , *LIFE expectancy , *FUNCTIONAL status , *MULTIVARIATE analysis , *MENTAL health , *PUBLIC administration , *SOCIAL cohesion , *SOCIOECONOMIC factors , *LOW-income countries , *AGING , *HEALTH equity , *EDUCATIONAL attainment , *OLD age - Abstract
Though a continued increase in life expectancy is a significant public health achievement, keeping older adults active and maintaining their well-being is challenging. Active aging requires physical health, mental health, functional independence, economic stability, social participation, and spiritual identification. Among all these factors, social cohesion has significant importance, but there is a dearth of studies focusing on older adults' social cohesion. Thus, the present study focuses on the level of social cohesion among older adults and its variation among the different economic classes. This article uses data from the Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health (SAGE) conducted in China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russia, and South Africa during 2007–10. Social cohesion scores have been constructed using Item Response Theory Partial Credit Model. Also, bivariate analysis, concentration curves, concentration indices, and multivariate regressions have been used for the analysis presented in this paper. This study confirms the strong predictive power of age, wealth, education, and working status of older adults on their social cohesion across the countries. Higher social non-cohesion is found among the economically poor older adults in Mexico, Russia, India, and China. In contrast, it is just opposite in the case of older adults in South Africa. Governments should develop policies to foster a society with a high level of social inclusion, social capital, and social diversity, to achieve further advancement in social cohesion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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