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Over the last decades, the analysis of mode choice preferences has become a vital aspect of enhancing the quality of public transport services. Most papers aim to derive conclusions from large-scale surveys. However, for specific homogenous patterns, such as university students, a smaller group of evaluators might also be sufficient. Such a survey can rather be considered as an expert survey, in which few representatives might express the preference of a larger community, thus, a different methodology can be more effective than the traditional statistical techniques. This paper aims to introduce a new approach that combines two multi-criteria decision-making methods, the analytic hierarchy process and the preference ranking organization method for enrichment evaluation, for a hybrid consensual model by aggregating the individual priorities defined by each decision-maker. The introduced model presents advantages in terms of reducing time, cost, and effort compared to statistical methods and requires solely necessary information from the users via objective and subjective evaluations. The model's effectiveness is tested with real-world data from the city of Budapest; highlighting the significant impact of the underground mode on users' behavior toward public transport. In addition, the outcomes are compared to other existing results of student preference surveys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current paper focuses on a comparative analysis of both public transport (PT) and private vehicle (PV) users' perceptions on the quality of the service. To detect the key components of PT attributes a new hybrid methodology is applied, combining the importance-performance analysis and the importance-performance map analysis. The proposed hybrid approach is simpler and more integrated than the existing methods in the literature. The sample comprises an online panel and a total of 1028 questionnaires for PV and PT users surveyed during the pandemic period in Budapest. The results of the applied methods show that among the different groups, the service hour, the proximity, and the frequency attributes are important and performed well in the years of COVID-19. On the other hand, the temperature and the cleanliness factors are not significant predictors of the PV and PT users' general satisfaction. The obtained results can be used by local governments and authorities, who seek to identify areas to enhance the service quality of PT during movement restrictions in a pandemic wave. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

László Székelyhidi, a mathematician, was born in Budapest, Hungary in 1952. He initially wanted to pursue a career in music but ultimately decided to study mathematics at Loránd Eötvös University in Budapest. After facing challenges during his entrance exam due to political factors, he redirected his application to Lajos Kossuth University in Debrecen. He continued to play music throughout his university years and became involved in research, publishing papers and attending international conferences. He held various teaching positions and received numerous awards for his research. Székelyhidi's sons also became mathematicians, and he continues to pursue his passion for music. [Extracted from the article]

This study explores the readiness of eight large Hungarian cities to adopt electric bike sharing systems as a sustainable transportation mode. By assessing 25 indicators related to infrastructure, safety, demographics, legislation, and transportation systems, we comprehensively understand each city's current situation and readiness level. By engaging experts, we derived weighted scores for key indicators to provide a comprehensive analysis of each city's potential. The results reveal varied readiness across cities, offering targeted insights for policymakers to enhance urban mobility sustainably. Our analysis reveals that certain cities, such as Budapest and Gyor, are better prepared for sustainable transportation than others. However, every city has positive and negative aspects that must be considered. Establishing infrastructure for cycling and connectivity to public transportation systems should be prioritized in Hungarian cities. Additionally, safety action plans should be implemented to address road safety concerns. Promoting cycling culture and electric vehicles is also essential to encourage the adoption of sustainable transportation modes. The findings of this research offer valuable insights to policymakers, urban planners, and researchers interested in promoting sustainable mobility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the relationship between philosophers and war, raising questions about how philosophers should ethically and politically relate to war and the military, as well as the powers and limits of philosophical inquiry in military matters. The article reviews Steven Umbrello's book, "Designed for Death: Controlling Killer Robots," which explores the concept of meaningful human control over autonomous weapon systems. While the author acknowledges the value of Umbrello's argument, they also criticize his failure to address the ethical implications of designing and deploying "killer robots." Overall, the article suggests that Umbrello's work contributes to the literature on autonomous weapon systems but could benefit from a more politically ambitious approach. [Extracted from the article]

This is a report on the 13th European Conference on Precision Agriculture (ECPA) that took place between 18 and 22, July at the location of the University of Public Service in Budapest, Hungary. The theme of the Conference was the "Adoption of innovative precision agriculture technologies and solutions". Due to the pandemic, the conference was a hybrid event. The two societies—the International Society of Precision Agriculture and the Hungarian Society of Precision Agriculture—had contributed to the event. The international conference was mainly attended by academic researchers, university instructors, company executives and farmers. The event comprised five plenary and 22 scientific sessions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rapidly evolving clinical data suggest that the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and vaccination against COVID-19 might be associated with thyroid disturbances. However, studies remain limited among the pediatric population. Our aim was to assess the prevalence and permanence of thyroid autoimmunity (TA) and dysfunction in children after an acute infection and its potential association with vaccination. A prospective, multicenter registry analysis was performed among 458 children (mean age: 12.4 ± 3,8 years, 45.4% male) with preceding COVID-19. Patient inclusion lasted from 24th March, 2021 to 23rd March, 2022 at three pediatric outpatient facilities at Semmelweis University, Budapest. Primary outcomes were the rate of thyroid disturbances assessed by laboratory parameters (thyroid function tests, antithyroglobulin [ATG] and anti-thyroid peroxidase [ATPO] antibodies) and thyroid ultrasound. TA rate among vaccinated and unvaccinated children was determined. Children with newly diagnosed thyroid alterations were followed up for 12.7 ± 4.3 months. Six children had previous thyroid disease. Out of 452 children, 30 cases (6.6%) of newly diagnosed TA (six of them had abnormal thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH] levels) and eight cases (1.8%) of isolated TSH elevation were observed. Ultrasound-proven autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) was 4.0%. No association was found between COVID-19 vaccination and thyroid autoimmunity (χ2(1,N = 452) = 0.138, p = 0.815). Among children with TA, 73.3% had long-lasting alterations. Conclusion: Vaccination had no effect on the prevalence of TA. Until further controlled studies state otherwise, children with preceding COVID-19 might benefit from thyroid screening. What is Known: • Numerous case reports implicate that coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) and vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 can be responsible for thyroid disturbances. • Thyroid alterations discovered during acute COVID-19 tend to cease by time and only incidental thyroid autoimmunity (TA) is diagnosed after COVID-19. In adults, no increase in vaccine-related hyper- or hypothyroidism was found. What is New: • TA rate after COVID-19 vaccination among children was not increased. TA had no role in long COVID syndrome. • We discovered a considerable rate of TA (6.6%) and ultrasound-proven autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) (4.0%) after SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the majority of these alterations remained positive after 6 months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cities host diverse people and their mixing is the engine of prosperity. In turn, segregation and inequalities are common features of most cities and locations that enable the meeting of people with different socio-economic status are key for urban inclusion. In this study, we adopt the concept of economic complexity to quantify the sophistication of amenity supply at urban locations. We propose that neighborhood complexity and amenity complexity are connected to the ability of locations to attract diverse visitors from various socio-economic backgrounds across the city. We construct the measures of amenity complexity based on the local portfolio of diverse and non-ubiquitous amenities in Budapest, Hungary. Socio-economic mixing at visited third places is investigated by tracing the daily mobility of individuals and by characterizing their status by the real-estate price of their home locations. Results suggest that measures of ubiquity and diversity of amenities do not, but neighborhood complexity and amenity complexity are correlated with the urban centrality of locations. Urban centrality is a strong predictor of socio-economic mixing, but both neighborhood complexity and amenity complexity add further explanatory power to our models. Our work combines urban mobility data with economic complexity thinking to show that the diversity of non-ubiquitous amenities, central locations, and the potentials for socio-economic mixing are interrelated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study first presents a method to identify the parameters increasing road vulnerability on a macroscopic road network model. The second part exploresthe effect size difference of the analyzed attributes on network vulnerability through the implementation of different autonomous vehicles (AVs) penetrations and automation levels. Methods: The road traffic network of Budapest, Hungary on PTV VISUM is studied by adopting a passenger car unit factor procedure to simulate the effect of AVs on road saturation. Five link parameters were used: length, distance from the centre, speed, number of lanes, and number of connectors. Network vulnerability was studied by simulating a combination of road elimination process with different passenger car unit values for AVs. Results: The analysis found the number of road lanes is the most significant parameter, affecting the link criticality; followed by road length and distance from the centre. The analysis of four AV scenarios with different AV penetration and level of automation showed huge effect differences ranging from 3.50% for a simple AV automation level with low AV percentage to as large to 28.53% for a fully automated fleet. Conclusions: AV implementation has proved efficient in reducing the amount of travel delays in the case of road failure. Finally, it was found that the number of lanes remained the most significant influencing parameter on travel delay. The main question is to discover the effect size difference of the analyzed attributes on network vulnerability through the implementation of different AVs penetrations and automation levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although a great deal of research has been done on leadership styles, and university students have often been the subject of exploratory research in social sciences, the Full Range Leadership model has been applied to young people only in a few instances. In this article, the authors seek to survey the preferred leadership styles among Hungarian students and explore how they correlate with managerial and entrepreneurial inclination. A complex analysis of leadership style preferences of university students combined with their managerial and entrepreneurial inclination, social and cultural resources is rare in the research practice so far. The online questionnaire used in the research was completed by 335 university students studying economics, engineering and social studies both in Budapest and in the country. The questionnaire was completed by 335 university students. The results are exploratory and they amend the existing leadership typologies at some points. Based on the results of the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire featuring 36 self-rating items, four distinct leadership styles emerged within the target group, representing the transformational, the supportive, the defensive, and the laissez-faire leadership types. The multivariate analysis has shown that while managerial inclination is related to the transformational style of leadership, entrepreneurial aspirations are associated with the transformational and supportive leadership styles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]