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In this paper, we investigate Sobolev mapping properties of the Bergman projection. The domain we focus on is defined by where m = (m1, ..., mN) ∈ (ℤ+)N, n = (n1, ..., nN) ∈ (ℤ+)N, N ∈ ℤ+. Sobolev irregularity of the Bergman projections on for m = (1, ..., 1). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has been substantial. Emerging evidence underscores a strong clinical connection between COVID-19 and sepsis. Numerous studies have identified the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway as a crucial pathogenic pathway for both COVID-19 and sepsis, but it remains to be investigated whether this signaling pathway operates as a common pathogenic mechanism for both COVID-19 and sepsis. In this study, single-cell RNA-seq data and transcriptome data for COVID-19 and sepsis cases were downloaded from GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus). By analyzing the single-cell transcriptome data, we identified B cells as the critical cell subset and the UPR pathway as the critical signaling pathway. Based on the transcriptome data, a machine learning diagnostic model was then constructed using the interleaved genes of B-cell-related and UPR-pathway-related genes. We validated the diagnostic model using both internal and external datasets and found the accuracy and stability of this model to be extremely strong. Even after integrating our algorithmic model with the patient's clinical status, it continued to yield identical results, further emphasizing the reliability of this model. This study provides a novel molecular perspective on the pathogenesis of sepsis and COVID-19 at the single-cell level and suggests that these two diseases may share a common mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Nephroblastoma, also known as Wilms’ tumor (WT), is an embryonic malignant tumor and one of the most common malignant tumors in the abdominal region of children. The exact role and underlying mechanisms of aquaporin-1 (AQP1) in the occurrence and development of nephroblastoma remain unclear. Methods: After overexpression of AQP1, cell proliferation was assessed using the CCK-8 proliferation assay and EdU staining. Flow cytometry was employed to assess cell apoptosis, and Western blotting (WB) analysis was conducted to validate the expression of relevant protein markers. mRNA sequencing (mRNA-Seq) was performed on WT cells overexpressing AQP1 to predict and characterize the associated mechanisms. Transmission electron microscopy was utilized to observe changes in the ultrastructure of WT cells undergoing apoptosis and pyroptosis following AQP1 overexpression. Functional in vivo validation was conducted through animal experiments. Results: We validated that overexpression of AQP1 inhibited cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis and pyroptosis both in vitro and in vivo. mRNA-Seq analysis of WT cells with AQP1 overexpression suggested that these effects might be mediated through the inhibition of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Additionally, we discovered that overexpression of AQP1 activated the classical pyroptosis signaling pathway dependent on caspase-1, thereby promoting pyroptosis in WT. Conclusion: These findings highlight the important functional role of AQP1 in the pathobiology of nephroblastoma, providing novel insights into the development of this disease. Moreover, these results offer new perspectives on the potential therapeutic targeting of AQP1 as a treatment strategy for nephroblastoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RFTC) of the peripheral branches of the trigeminal nerve has been used for trigeminal neuralgia. However, the long-term outcomes of radiofrequency thermocoagulation have not been established. To evaluate the long-term efficacy of RFTC of peripheral branches in patients with refractory trigeminal neuralgia. A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a comprehensive medical center in China. Patients who underwent radiofrequency thermocoagulation of peripheral branches for refractory trigeminal neuralgia from May 2014 to March 2021 were included for analysis. A total of 84 patients with refractory trigeminal neuralgia underwent 105 procedures. BNI I–II which represents treatment success was achieved in 76/84 (90%) patients and 93/105 (89%) procedures. During follow-up, BNI I and II were maintained in 64/76 (84%), 40/73 (55%), 20/67 (30%), 17/65 (26%), 12/61 (20%), and 8/58 (14%) of patients at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 years, after the first procedure, respectively. For all the 105 procedures, BNI I and II were maintained in 68/93 (73%), 41/89(46%), 22/82(27%), 15/79 (19%), 8/74 (11%), and 3/72 (4%) at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 years, respectively. There is no significant difference between the first and repeat thermocoagulation in terms of immediate (90% vs. 81%, P=0.140) and long-term efficacies (24 months vs.18 months, P=0.266). Radiofrequency thermocoagulation resulted in better long-term outcomes in patients with typical purely paroxysmal pain (24 months vs. 11 months, P=0.033). Radiofrequency ablation of the peripheral branches of the trigeminal nerve might be a safe and effective method in the treatment of refractory trigeminal neuralgia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The family of rare-earth doped phosphors has drawn pronounced attention in technological of fingerprint visualization, anti-counterfeiting, and phosphor-converted light-emitting diodes applications. A series of NaSrGd(1–x–y)EuxDyy(WO4)3 powder luminescent materials were synthesized by a solid-state reaction. The emission color of NaSrGd(WO4)3:Dy3+ phosphor could be tunned via changing concentrations of Eu3+ ion. In addition, the phosphors exhibit narrow red-light emission at 610 nm caused by the electric dipole transition 5D0 → 7F2 of Eu3+. Especially, the phosphor exhibits superior thermal stability, its emission intensity of optimum sample remained ± 15% over the temperature range from 233 to 393 K. The Commission International de I'Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinates of x = 0.4 are (0.6388, 0.3371) with a high color purity (92.84%). More importantly, prepared color-changing device of phosphors achieves a high level of optical safety. The results demonstrate that their materials can be potentially applied to the field of white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and optical anti-counterfeiting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we investigated certain medium with completing weakly nonlocal nonlinearity and parabolic law nonlinearity, which has recently attracted much attention from the scientific community. In virtue of modified first integral method, we successfully extract its first integral of this medium with completing weakly nonlocal nonlinearity and parabolic law nonlinearity. As a result, twenty-seven analytical solutions are constructed by making full use of our previous results along with changes of argument of Jacobi elliptic functions. These obtained solutions include rational function solution, exponential function solution, hyperbolic function solutions, trigonometric function solutions and Jacobi elliptic function solutions. To our best knowledge, some of them have not been reported by previous literatures. We also show that some analytical solutions in the form of 3-D and density graphs are optical solitons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of percutaneous balloon compression (PBC) in treating trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and determine improvements in quality of life (QoL) and daily functional status. Methods: Data from primary TN (pTN) patients treated with PBC from December 2018 to April 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Short-Form 36 (SF-36) Health Survey and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) assessments were used to evaluate patients' QoL and physical function every 6 months after surgery, and facial pain was evaluated every 3 to 6 months post-surgery. Results: A total of 80 pTN patients were enrolled for analysis. The Barrow Neurological Institute (BNI) scores of I-II were achieved in 67 (83.8%) patients immediately after the surgery. The estimated rates of BNI I-II pain relief at one, two, and three years were 94.2%, 87.6%, and 83.2%, respectively. All aspects of the SF-36 questionnaire were significantly improved after the PBC, especially in terms of role physical (RP), bodily pain (BP), and social functioning (SF). Patients' functional outcomes measured by FIM at the 6-month follow-up examination were 108.6 ± 9.9, which was significantly improved compared with the pretreatment scores (90.8 ± 12.7). There was no difference between the severity of facial numbness in FIM and any item of the SF-36 except RP (P = 0.004) at 6 months after surgery. There was also no difference in SF-36 and FIM between patients with or without facial hyperalgesia. Conclusions: PBC can produce long-term and stable pain relief and significantly improve the patient's QoL and physical function. However, further well-designed, high-level, evidence-based studies are needed to precisely assess the efficacy of PBC for pTN patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dolomite reservoir of the Middle Permian Qixia Formation in the Shuangyushi structure in northwestern Sichuan Basin is deeply buried, thin, and highly heterogeneous. With low-resolution seismic data, it is not easy to identify the reservoir signal and it is difficult to accurately describe the plane distribution of thin reservoirs. Based on high-resolution processing of seismic data, well-seismic combination technology, forward simulation technology, and cross-well profiles, in this study, we defined the waveform characteristics that correspond to different modes of reservoir development, summarized the seismic response modes of reservoirs in the area, optimized sensitive attributes, and finely depicted their plane distribution. The ability of seismic data to identify thin reservoirs was significantly improved after high-resolution processing. According to a comprehensive analysis, the reservoirs of the Qixia Formation in the study area had two response modes: "weak peak" and "complex wave." The waveform clustering attribute was optimized to describe the plane distribution characteristics of the Qixia Formation reservoirs in the study area. Type-I and type-II waveforms were favorable waveforms for reservoir development, and they mainly were distributed in the west of the Devonian denudation line, in a strip along the north–south direction, and mostly along faults. The predictions made with this method agreed well with the actual reservoir development, which provided a reference for the prediction of deep and thin reservoirs in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In various contexts in mathematical physics, such as out-of-equilibrium physics and the asymptotic information theory of many-body quantum systems, one needs to compute the logarithm of a positive unbounded operator. Examples include the von Neumann entropy of a density matrix and the flow of operators with the modular Hamiltonian in the Tomita-Takesaki theory. Often, one encounters the situation where the operator under consideration, which we denote by ∆, can be related by a perturbative series to another operator ∆0, whose logarithm is known. We set up a perturbation theory for the logarithm log ∆. It turns out that the terms in the series possess a remarkable algebraic structure, which enables us to write them in the form of nested commutators plus some "contact terms". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In non-maximally quantum chaotic systems, the exponential behavior of out-of-time-ordered correlators (OTOCs) results from summing over exchanges of an infinite tower of higher "spin" operators. We construct an effective field theory (EFT) to capture these exchanges in (0 + 1) dimensions. The EFT generalizes the one for maximally chaotic systems, and reduces to it in the limit of maximal chaos. The theory predicts the general structure of OTOCs both at leading order in the 1/N expansion (N is the number of degrees of freedom), and after resuming over an infinite number of higher order 1/N corrections. These general results agree with those previously explicitly obtained in specific models. We also show that the general structure of the EFT can be extracted from the large q SYK model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Olfactory dysfunction (OD), one of the most common non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD), is a cardinal prodromal symptom that can appear years before the onset of motor symptoms. Ongoing studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) are suitable biomarkers for PD, while there is a lack of robust miRNAs that can serve as markers for OD in PD. Methods: The concordantly differentially expressed miRNAs (DE miRNAs) in the damaged olfactory system were first identified in 2 OD-related Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. Then, they were verified in another PD-related GEO dataset and only one miRNA (miR-20a) was found to be significantly altered. Serum levels of miR-20a were further measured by qPCR in 79 PD patients with OD (PD-OD), 52 PD patients without OD (PD-NOD), and 52 healthy controls (HC). Objective measure of OD was defined by 16-item Sniffin' Sticks odor identification test. All the participants underwent a demographic and comprehensive PD-related clinical assessment. Results: Our results proved that miR-20a was significantly downregulated in PD-OD compared with PD-NOD and the area under curve (AUC) for OD detection by miR-20a was 0.803 (95% confidence interval, 0.724–0.883). In addition, PD-OD had higher scores of Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) II, Hoehn and Yahr stage (H–Y), Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS) 3, NMSS 5, NMSS 9, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Activity of Daily Living (ADL), and lower scores of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and 39-item PD Quality of Life Questionnaire (PDQ-39) than PD-NOD. Binary regression model further presented that lower expressions of miR-20a and poorer cognitive function acted as promoting factors in the development of OD. Conclusion: Our results suggest that miR-20a could be a novel biomarker for OD in PD and PD-OD patients tend to have higher disease stage, poorer motor aspects of experiences of daily living, worse cognitive scores, and inferior quality of life, and were more likely to have mental disorders. Cognitive function, in particular, is strongly associated with OD in PD patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After eradicating absolute poverty under the current rural poverty standard (living standard of 2300 RMB per person per year at 2010 constant prices) in 2020, China will enter the post-poverty era, in which the focus of anti-poverty in China will shift to narrowing the gap and pursuing fairness and shared prosperity in relative poverty. Identifying and measuring the scale of the relative poverty group is an essential prerequisite for effective relative poverty management. Based on the reality of China's extensive territory and unbalanced and uncoordinated regional development, this article calculates the relative poverty and the scale of the poor population in each province separately from the provincial perspective and analyzes their changing trends. It is revealed that the average relative poverty line of each province in China is slightly lower than the social poverty line of middle and high-income countries proposed by the World Bank and higher than the low- and middle-income countries, which is basically in line with the current stage of economic development in China. The average relative poverty incidence in each province is at around 25%, and the incidence of poverty generally shows a decreasing trend during the study period, while the depth and intensity of poverty in some provinces show a gradual increase over time, further confirming the enormity of relative poverty governance in the post-poverty era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The symptom of constipation has been confirmed as an early diagnose criteria for Parkinson's disease (PD). Furthermore, evidences suggest that pathogenesis of PD initiates in gut, rather than brain. If so, identifying biomarkers for constipation in PD might have potentials to assist early diagnosis and initial treatment. Method: We first identified that microRNA 29c (miR-29c) was dysregulated both in PD and constipation patients through bioinformatics analysis. Then, serological analysis of the expression of miR-29c in 67 PD patients with constipation (PD–C), 51 PD patients without constipation (PD-NC), and 50 healthy controls (HC) was carried out by qPCR. Demographic and clinical features were also compared. Patients in PD–C group were further classified into two groups: those with prodromal stage constipation (PD–C-Pro) (n = 36) and those with clinical stage constipation (PD–C-Clinic) (n = 31), to explore their different characteristics. Results: The levels of miR-29c in PD–C group were higher than that in PD-NC group, both higher than HC group. PD–C-Pro group's miR-29c levels were statistically higher compared with PD–C-Clinic group's. What is more, PD–C group had higher scores of MDS-UPDRS-I, NMSS, NMSS3, NMSS4, NMSS6, NMSS9, SCOPA-AUT, HAMD, HAMA, RBDSQ, CSS, and PACQOL compared with PD-NC party. Relative to the PD–C-Clinic, patients in PD–C-Pro group had higher MDS-UPDRS-I, NMSS, NMSS3, HAMD, and HAMA scores, and were more likely to have RBD. Conclusion: Our results indicated that miR-29c seems to be an underlying cause for developing constipation in patients with PD and PD–C identifies a group of patients with more severe non-motor impairment, prominent neuropsychiatric disorders, and possible RBD conversion as well as a substandard quality of life. We further confirmed that there is a close relationship between symptoms representing the same pathological origin, especially constipation and RBD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A trend in the development of geophysics is to seek wave theory closer to the physical reality and derive corresponding wave equations to achieve highly accurate forward modeling, imaging, and inversion of complex structures. The generalized continuum mechanics (GCM) theory enriches the context of the conventional continuum mechanics theory by introducing the additional characteristic length scale parameters to represent the microstructural properties of the medium, and the asymmetric elastic wave equations derived from GCM theory can handle the influence of heterogeneity of a medium caused by the microstructural interactions on the propagation of seismic waves. To date, there are few studies on the numerical and analytical solutions of the elastic wave equations derived from the GCM theory, especially in the frequency band of seismic exploration. In addition, there are few studies in the existing literature that incorporate multiple theories and methods of the GCM theory into an integrated frame. In this paper, we introduce the concept of the multi-scale microstructural interactions and construct the quantitative relationship between the characteristic length scale parameter of the medium and the characteristic length scale parameter of the micro-pore reflecting the micro-pore structures, and then integrate the modified couple stress theory and the one-parameter second strain gradient theory into a unified framework for numerical modeling and analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Branched polyolefins with controllable topology structures were generated from the chain-walking (co)polymerizations of ethylene, 1-pentene (1P) and 2-pentene (2P) using Brookhart-type a-diimine Ni(II)-based catalysts possessing different para-substituted groups, {[(4-R-2-Et-6-Me-C6H2N = C)2Nap]NiBr2, Nap: 1,8-naphthdiyl; R = CHMePh, Ni1; R = Ph, Ni2; R = H, Ni3}. The X-ray diffraction analysis demonstrated that the crystalline structure of Ni1' is in centrosymmetric dimer structure mode with the bimetallic Ni center connected by two bromide bridges. The para-sec-phenethyl moiety in the catalyst Ni1 obviously improved its catalytic performance and thermal stability in the ethylene polymerization. The Ni1/Et2AlCl system showed great catalytic activities (up to 7.73×106 g·mol−1·h−1) and achieved polyethylene (PE) with alkyl chains, including Me, Et, n-Pr, n-Bu, sec-Bu branches and longer chains (Lg). Compared with the 1-pentene polymerization, this catalyst system successfully mediated the polymerization of 2P to give highly branched polymers with approximately 195 branches/1000C possessing Me, Et, and n-Pr branches and a long methylene sequence due to the monomer isomerization. The Et branches derived from 2,3-insertion is slightly less than the sum of Me and n-Pr branches derived from 3,2-insertion, indicating that the 3,2-insertion mode is a slightly favorable pathway in the polymerization of 2P. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Potatoes play an important role in ensuring food security. During the COVID-19 epidemic, consumption of processed potato products decreased, and consumption of fresh potatoes increased. China is the world's largest potato producer with more than 4.81 million hectares of area under potato production and 90.32 million metric tonnes of potatoes produced in 2018. This accounts for 27.36% of the world's planting area and 24.53% of the world's potato production. The proportion of potatoes processed in China was about 12% in 2017, mostly dominated by starch production. However, the recent policy of the Chinese government to popularise potato as a staple food has created new markets for processed potato products other than starch. A very few reports have analysed these future trends of the rapidly growing Chinese potato processing industry and its impact within and outside China. This paper provides an overview of the latest developments with a focus on processed potato products such as potato chips, French fries and dehydrated potatoes, and also, due to the unique Chinese diet culture, it highlights the need for more scientific research dedicated towards the development of novel potato-based healthy foods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hypomagnesemia (HypoMg) can cause seizures and death, but the mechanism is unknown. Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M 7 (TRPM7) is a Mg transporter with both channel and kinase function. In this study, we focused on the kinase role of TRPM7 in HypoMg-induced seizures and death. Wild type C57BL/6J mice and transgenic mice with a global homozygous mutation in the TRPM7 kinase domain (TRPM7K1646R, with no kinase function) were fed with control diet or a HypoMg diet. After 6 weeks of HypoMg diet, mice had significantly decreased serum Mg, elevated brain TRPM7, and a significant rate of death, with females being most susceptible. Deaths were immediately preceded by seizure events. TRPM7K1646R mice showed resistance to seizure-induced death. HypoMg-induced brain inflammation and oxidative stress were suppressed by TRPM7K1646R. Compared to their male counterparts, HypoMg female mice had higher levels of inflammation and oxidative stress in the hippocampus. We concluded that TRPM7 kinase function contributes seizure-induced deaths in HypoMg mice and that inhibiting the kinase reduced inflammation and oxidative stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Even though the great progress in the field of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) has been achieved, ferroptosis and its molecular mechanism in CRSwNP remain blank. We are the first to study the relationship between CRSwNP and ferroptosis, aiming to identify ferroptosis-related genes in the process of CRSwNP. Methods: Using the GEO database and the FerrDb database, significantly differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes (DEFGs) were selected between CRSwNP-NP and CRSwNP-IT specimens. Then, the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network of ferroptosis-related genes was constructed. Functional enrichment analyses (GSVA, GO, KEGG, and GeneCodis analyses) were introduced in our study. Besides, based on the GSE136825 data set, DEFGs between CRSwNP-NP and CS-IT specimens were also analyzed. Finally, qRT-PCR was performed to validate the selected ferroptosis-related genes with clinical samples. Results: 31 significantly DEFGs were identified between CRSwNP-NP and CRSwNP-IT specimens. Functional enrichment analyses and the analysis of GeneCodis 4 pointed out that DEFGs may potentially be involved in some related KEGG pathways. 8 DEFGs were selected between CRSwNP-NP and CS-IT specimens. The experimental verification indicated that 4 genes (GPX2, CDO1, CAV1, and TP53) were the important DEFGs of CRSwNP. The Venn diagrams proved that CDO1 and GPX2 were considered as the most important DEFGs genes of CRSwNP, especially GPX2. Conclusions: Though a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis and the experimental verification, CDO1 and GPX2 were considered as the important ferroptosis-related genes of CRSwNP, especially GPX2. However, further molecular biological experiments would be still required to uncover the underlying mechanism between ferroptosis and CRSwNP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urine albumin concentration and albumin–creatinine ratio are important for the screening of early-stage kidney damage. Commutable urine certified reference materials (CRMs) for albumin and creatinine are necessary for standardization of urine albumin and accurate measurement of albumin–urine ratio. Two urine CRMs for albumin and creatinine with certified values determined using higher-order reference measurement procedures were evaluated for their commutability on five brands/models of clinical analyzers where different reagent kits were used, including Roche Cobas c702, Roche Cobas c311, Siemens Atellica CH, Beckman Coulter AU5800, and Abbott Architect c16000. The commutability study was conducted by measuring at least 26 authentic patient urine samples and the human urine CRMs using both reference measurement procedures and the routine methods. Both the linear regression model suggested by the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines and log-transformed model recommended by the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) Commutability Working Group were used to evaluate the commutability of the human urine CRMs. The commutability of the human urine CRMs was found to be generally satisfactory on all five clinical analyzers for both albumin and creatinine, suggesting that they are suitable to be used routinely by clinical laboratories as quality control or for method validation of urine albumin and creatinine measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of the unclear understanding of the development and distribution characteristics of the intra-platform shoal of the Changxing formation in the southern Sichuan Basin, analysis and summary of the petrological characteristics and sedimentary cycle characteristics of the intra-platform shoal in the Changxing formation in the Gaoshiti area were conducted. In this study, the idea of seismic sedimentology is adopted, the top geomorphology and the root mean square (RMS) amplitude attributes of the Changxing formation were used as constraints, combined with the granular rock thickness/stratum thickness (G/S) of wells to depict the planar distribution characteristics of the intra-platform shoal in the study area. Through the research and analysis, it is concluded that the Changxing formation in the Gaoshiti area has a geomorphological pattern of ‘three uplifts and two depressions’ at the end of the deposition. The geomorphological differentiation characteristics are highly consistent with the variation law of the RMS amplitude in the plane, and there is a good correlation between the two and the G/S of the strata. Thus, three belts of intra-platform shoals with NW–SE distribution are identified in the study area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines how an increase in home value affects fertility decisions of homeowners in China by exploiting regional heterogeneity in housing markets driven by local regulatory and geographic land constraints. In sharp contrast to the literature on developed countries, our instrumental variable results show a negative fertility response to house value growth driven by the recent housing boom in China, where a 100,000-yuan increase in lagged home values—about 43% of the average housing wealth at baseline—results in a 14% decrease in the likelihood of home-owning women giving birth. Further evidence suggests that underdeveloped credit markets may suppress the positive wealth effect of house value growth on childbearing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The investigation of brain oscillations and connectivity has become an important topic in the recent decade. There are several types of interactions between neuronal oscillations, and one of the most interesting among these interactions is phase-amplitude coupling (PAC). Several methods have been proposed to measure the strength of PAC, including the phase-locking value, circular-linear correlation, and modulation index. In the current study, we compared these traditional PAC methods with simulated electroencephalogram signals. Further, to assess the PAC value at each time point, we also compared two recently established methods, event-related phase-locking value and event-related circular-linear correlation, with our newly proposed event-related modulation index (ERMI). Results indicated that the ERMI has better temporal resolution and is more tolerant to noise than the other two event-related methods, suggesting the advantages of utilizing ERMI in evaluating the strength of PAC within a brain region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Senile plaques composed of β-amyloid protein (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of intracellular hyper-phosphorylated tau are major causes of cognitive impairment and neuronal damage in Alzheimer disease (AD). Astragalin (AST), a naturally-occurring flavonoid compound, was reported to have neuroprotective effects in the brain, but its effects in AD remain unknown. Herein, the learning and memory deficits were alleviated and neuronal damage in the hippocampus were inhibited after the senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mouse were given AST (5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg) daily by gavage for 2 months. Furthermore, AST reduced Aβ1−40 and Aβ1−42 deposition, decreased β-carboxyl-terminal fragment (β-CTF) protein level and tau hyper-phosphorylation, but increased α-CTF protein level and glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3β) phosphorylation in hippocampus of SAMP8 mice. Meanwhile, the effects of AST on AD were also explored in vitro by treating primary neurons with amyloid-β1–42 oligomers (Aβ1−42O). Consistently, AST also alleviated amyloid-β1–42 oligomers (Aβ1−42O)-induced neuronal damage, amyloid plaques, and tau phosphorylation in vitro model. Of note, estrogen receptor (ER)α and ERβ expression in the hippocampus of SAMP8 mice and Aβ1−42O-treated neurons was significantly decreased but their levels were increased by AST. Moreover, in vivo and in vitro experiments revealed that ER antagonist, Fulvestrant, reversed the effects caused by AST. Altogether, our investigation indicates that AST may ameliorate cognitive deficits and AD-type pathologies in SAMP8 mice and Aβ1−42O-treated neurons through upregulating ERα and ERβ expression. Our findings indicate the value of AST as a potential reagent for AD treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intramuscular injection of anemoside B4 (AB4) has a superior therapeutic effect on clinical mastitis in lactating cows. Here, we explored AB4's effect on milk whey in clinical mastitis-affected cows using proteomics. Among fifty clinical mastitis cows received AB4 administration (0.05 ml/kg/day, for 7 days), twelve healed cows were selected and marked as group T. Twelve clinically heathy cows received the same dose of saline for 7 days, marked as group C. Collected milk whey of group T before and after AB4 administration marked as T1 and T2, respectively. The milk whey of group C after saline injection marked as C1. Milk whey protein changes were detected using tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomic. We identified 872 quantifiable proteins in the samples. Among them, 511 proteins between T1 and C1, and 361 proteins between T2 and T1 were significantly altered. T1 than C1 had significantly more proteins associated with inflammatory damage and trans-endothelial migration of leukocytes, whereas these proteins were reduced in T2 treated with AB4. Compared with C, proteins associated with fibrin clot degradation and complement system activation were downregulated in T1 but upregulated in T2. In summary, AB4 can exert its therapeutic effect on clinical mastitis in cows mainly by reducing inflammatory damage, activating the complement system, inhibiting trans-endothelial migration of leukocytes, and promoting degradation of milk fibrin clots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the effect of prior thyroid cancer on the survival of primary liver cancer (PLC). Eligible PLC patients were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database during 2004–2016. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to create a highly comparable control group that PLC patients without prior thyroid cancer. All PLC patients were divided into three groups based on the survival information: (1) PLC-specific death; (2) death due to other causes; (3) alive. The effect sizes were presented by the corresponding hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Totally, 142 PLC patients with prior thyroid cancer and 1420 PLC patients without prior thyroid cancer were included. During the follow-up period, 714 (45.71%) PLC patients died of liver cancer while 638 (40.85%) PLC patients were alive. Median survival time for PLC patients was 11.00 months, respectively. PLC patients with prior thyroid cancer have a lower risk of death (HR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.48–0.86). Subgroup analyses stratified by gender displayed the similar relation in female patients with PLC. Prior thyroid cancer may be a protective factor for liver cancer death in PLC patients, especially in female patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, cold spraying was introduced to produce an Al deposit on a Cu substrate, which was then modified through a solid-state method named friction-stir-processing (FSP). The pores and inter-particle interfaces within the Al deposit completely disappeared after FSP at traverse speeds less than 18 mm/min. Equiaxed grains containing a low density of dislocations occurred in the Al deposit after FSP. The grain size increased, while the dislocation density decreased with decreasing traverse speed. Meanwhile, three intermetallic compound (IMC) layers including Al2Cu, AlCu, and Al4Cu9 were developed at the Al/Cu interface after FSP. The thickness of the entire IMC layers and the continuity of the AlCu layer increased as the traverse speed was reduced. Due to the generation of the IMC layers, the adhesion strength of the deposit dramatically improved after FSP. The variation of the adhesion strength after FSP at different traverse speeds was associated with the continuity of the AlCu layer. The electrical conductivity of the Al deposit was remarkably enhanced after FSP due to the disappearance of pores and inter-particle interfaces. Furthermore, the changes in the electrical conductivity of the Al deposit and Al-Cu bimetallic structure after FSP at different traverse speeds were related to the number of grain boundaries and the thickness of IMC layers, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To deeply explore the seismic vulnerability characteristics of typical structures and obtain the differences in the seismic capacity of multiple structural categories in actual earthquakes, combined with mathematical statistics and probabilistic damage model analysis methods, the bulk of collection and statistics were made on the structural seismic damage observation data (98,051.8122 × 104 m2 and 995,269 buildings) of 213 destructive earthquakes in China from 1975 to 2013. Seismic damage sample databases of wooden roof truss structures, adobe and timber structures, brick wood structures, masonry structures, RC structures, and bottom frame seismic wall masonry structure were established. A seismic damage investigation and analysis were conducted. All samples' vulnerability grades were evaluated using the latest version of the Chinese seismic intensity scale (CSIS-20). The actual damage vulnerability probability matrix and surface model of structures in multiple intensity regions based on the investigated area and quantity parameters were established. A nonlinear regression prediction model analysis method was proposed. A typical structural vulnerability prediction model considering the failure ratio and exceedance probability in the multi-intensity region was established and verified by the earthquake damage database. In addition, a vulnerability matrix prediction model considering updating the mean vulnerability index parameter was proposed, and a comparison model of the vulnerability prediction matrix of typical regional structures was developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The propagation of seismic waves in viscous media, such as the loess plateau and shallow gas regions, alters their amplitude, frequency, and phase due to absorption attenuation, resulting in reductions in the resolution and fidelity of seismic profiles and the inaccurate identification of subtle structure and lithology. Q modeling and Q migration techniques proposed in this paper are used to compensate for the energy and frequency attenuation of seismic waves, obtain high-quality depth imaging results, and further enhance structural imaging to address the aforementioned problem. First, various prior information is utilized to construct an initial Q model. Q tomography techniques are employed to further optimize the precision of the initial Q model and build a high-precision Q model. Subsequently, Q prestack depth migration technology is employed to compensate for absorption and attenuation in the three-dimensional space along the seismic wave propagation path and correct the travel times, realizing the purposes of amplitude compensation, frequency recovery, and phase correction, which can help improve the wave group characteristics while enhancing the resolution. Model data and practical application results demonstrate that high-precision Q modeling and Q migration techniques can substantially improve the imaging quality of underground structures and formations in the loess plateau region with extremely complex surface and near-surface conditions. The resolution and fidelity of seismic data, as well as the capability to identify reservoirs, can be improved using these techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Monoclonal antibodies are at the vanguard of the most promising cancer treatments. Whereas traditional therapeutic antibodies have been limited to extracellular antigens, T cell receptor mimic (TCRm) antibodies can target intracellular antigens presented by cell surface major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins. TCRm antibodies can therefore target a repertoire of otherwise undruggable cancer antigens. However, the consequences of off-target peptide/MHC recognition with engineered T cell therapies are severe, and thus there are significant safety concerns with TCRm antibodies. Here we explored the specificity and safety profile of a new TCRm-based T cell therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a solid tumor for which no effective treatment exists. We targeted an alpha-fetoprotein peptide presented by HLA-A*02 with a highly specific TCRm, which crystallographic structural analysis showed binds directly over the HLA protein and interfaces with the full length of the peptide. We fused the TCRm to the γ and δ subunits of a TCR, producing a signaling AbTCR construct. This was combined with an scFv/CD28 co-stimulatory molecule targeting glypican-3 for increased efficacy towards tumor cells. This AbTCR + co-stimulatory T cell therapy showed potent activity against AFP-positive cancer cell lines in vitro and an in an in vivo model and undetectable activity against AFP-negative cells. In an in-human safety assessment, no significant adverse events or cytokine release syndrome were observed and evidence of efficacy was seen. Remarkably, one patient with metastatic HCC achieved a complete remission after nine months and ultimately qualified for a liver transplant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The application of deep learning has allowed significant progress in medical imaging. However, few studies have focused on the diagnosis of benign and malignant spinal tumors using medical imaging and age information at the patient level. This study proposes a multi-model weighted fusion framework (WFF) for benign and malignant diagnosis of spinal tumors based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images and age information. Methods: The proposed WFF included a tumor detection model, sequence classification model, and age information statistic module based on sagittal MRI sequences obtained from 585 patients with spinal tumors (270 benign, 315 malignant) between January 2006 and December 2019 from the cooperative hospital. The experimental results of the WFF were compared with those of one radiologist (D1) and two spine surgeons (D2 and D3). Results: In the case of reference age information, the accuracy (ACC) (0.821) of WFF was higher than three doctors' ACC (D1: 0.686; D2: 0.736; D3: 0.636). Without age information, the ACC (0.800) of the WFF was also higher than that of the three doctors (D1: 0.750; D2: 0.664; D3:0.614). Conclusions: The proposed WFF is effective in the diagnosis of benign and malignant spinal tumors with complex histological types on MRI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between relative quasisymmetry and quasimöbius in quasi-metric spaces, and show that a homeomorphism f is η-quasisymmetric relative to A if and only if it is θ-quasimöbius relative to A between two both bounded quasi-metric spaces, where A ⊆ X and X is a quasi-metric space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present work, based on the Hatsukawa formula (Phys Rev C 42:674, 1990), modifying the coefficient F(Z) of α decay half-lives which depends on the proton number of parent nucleus Z and considering the blocking effect of unpaired nucleons, we propose an improved semi-empirical formula for evaluating the favored α decay half-lives of even–even, odd-A and odd–odd nuclei. This formula can reproduce the experimental data of favored α decay half-lives taken from NUBASE2020 well. The corresponding root-mean-square (rms) deviations are reduced from 0.316, 0.366 and 0.398 to 0.237, 0.318 and 0.273 for even–even, odd-A and odd–odd nuclei, respectively. Moreover, we extend this formula to predict the α decay half-lives of 64 even–even nuclei with 104 ≤ Z ≤ 128 whose α decay are energetically allowed or observed but not yet quantified. For comparison, the Viola–Seaborg–Sobiczewski formula (VSS) proposed by Sobiczewski et al. and the universal decay law (UDL) proposed by Qi et al. are also used. The results indicate that our predictions are basically consistent with the ones of VSS and UDL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) is a member of the non-histone chromosomal high mobility group (HMG) protein family, which participate in embryonic development and other biological processes. HMGA2 overexpression is associated with breast cancer (BC) cell growth, proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance. Furthermore, HMGA2 expression is positively associated with poor prognosis of patients with BC, and inhibiting HMGA2 signaling can stimulate BC cell progression and metastasis. In this review, we focus on HMGA2 expression changes in BC tissues and multiple BC cell lines. Wnt/β-catenin, STAT3, CNN6, and TRAIL-R2 proteins are upstream mediators of HMGA2 that can induce BC invasion and metastasis. Moreover, microRNAs (miRNAs) can suppress BC cell growth, invasion, and metastasis by inhibiting HMGA2 expression. Furthermore, long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) and circular RNAs (CircRNAs) mainly regulate HMGA2 mRNA and protein expression levels by sponging miRNAs, thereby promoting BC development. Additionally, certain small molecule inhibitors can suppress BC drug resistance by reducing HMGA2 expression. Finally, we summarize findings demonstrating that HMGA2 siRNA and HMGA2 siRNA-loaded nanoliposomes can suppress BC progression and metastasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is an autoimmune synaptic encephalitis likely mediated by neuronal surface antibody. Clinically, it is characterized by a variety of neurological and psychiatric symptoms, predominantly affecting young women. Recurrent anti-NMDAR cases combined with double-antibody positive during pregnancy have not been reported. We report a 19-year-old pregnant woman with recurrent anti-NMDAR encephalitis and double-antibody positive. Through our case report and a review of the literature, we hope to heighten an awareness of anti-NMDAR encephalitis, particularly in a pregnant setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Oesophageal variceal bleeding (OVB) is a fatal complication of cirrhosis and/or portal hypertension. We aimed to develop a non-invasive prediction model for the risk of OVB using dual-energy computed tomography (CT). Methods: 317 oesophageal varices (OV) patients with hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis were retrospectively assessed from January 2018 to December 2018. All patients underwent dual-energy CT scans within 14 days before endoscopy. 222 of 317 patients (174 OVB-negative patients and 48 OVB-positive patients) were included in the training cohort and 95 patients (74 OVB-negative patients and 21 OVB-positive patients) were included in the validation cohort chronologically. A model with the selected conventional CT features and a model with the conventional CT and dual-energy CT features were developed. The prediction accuracy was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The accuracy and reproducibility of the models for OVB risk prediction of cirrhosis were validated by the validation cohort. The areas under the curve (AUC) of the two models were compared with Delong test. Results: Diameter of oesophageal vein (OV(mm)), diameter of splenic vein (SPV(mm)), ascites (AS), iodine concentration in short gastric vein (SGV(HU)), iodine concentration in spleen (SP(HU)) were independent predictors of OVB risk (P < 0.05). Then, we developed a model with the selected conventional CT features [OV(mm), SPV(mm), AS] and a model with the conventional CT and dual-energy CT features [OV(mm), SPV(mm), AS, SGV(HU), SP(HU)]. The AUCs of the model built with the conventional CT and dual-energy CT features were higher than the model built only with the conventional CT features in the training (0.839 vs 0.809) and validation cohorts (0.798 vs 0.738). Conclusion: The non-invasive prediction model developed with the conventional CT and dual-energy CT features may have added value in noninvasively predicting OVB than the model built only with the conventional CT features and may have significant clinical implications on early prevention and treatment of OVB. Advances in knowledge: Combination of dual-energy CT with conventional CT may have added value for non-invasive prediction of OVB compared to conventional CT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel α+β titanium alloy with multi-alloying addition was designed based on the cluster formula 12[Al-Ti12](AlTi2)+5[Al-Ti14](AlV12Mo06Nb02) which was derived from Ti-6Al-4V. The nominal composition of this novel alloy was determined as Ti-6.83Al-2.28V-2.14Mo-0.69Nb-6.79Zr. In this study, the novel alloy and Ti-6Al-4V alloy samples were prepared by laser additive manufacturing. The microstructure, micro-hardness, room/high temperature tensile properties of the as-deposited samples were investigated. Compared to Ti-6Al-4V, the novel alloy has much higher room and high temperature (600 °C) tensile strengths, which are 1,427.5 MPa and 642.2 MPa, respectively; however, it has a much lower elongation (3.2%) at room temperature because of the finer microstructure. To improve the elongation of the novel alloy, heat treatment was used. After solution at 960 °C or 970 °C for 1 h followed by air cooling and aging at 550 °C for 4 h followed by air cooling, a unique bi-modal microstructure which contains crab-like primary α and residual β phase is obtained, improving the compression elongation by 80.9% compared to the as-deposited samples. The novel alloy can be used as a high-temperature and high-strength candidate for laser additive manufacturing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organizations depend on heavy use of various cyber defense technologies, including intrusion detection and prevention systems, to monitor and protect networks and devices from malicious activities. However, large volumes of false alerts from such technologies challenge cybersecurity analysts in isolating credible alerts from false positives for further investigations. In this article, we propose a framework named FAIXID that leverages Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) and data cleaning methods for improving the explainability and understandability of intrusion detection alerts, which in turn assist cyber analysts in making more informed decisions fueled by the quick elimination of false positives. We identified five functional modules in FAIXID: (1) the pre-modeling explainability module that improves the quality of network traffic's data through data cleaning; (2) the modeling module that provides explanations of the AI models to help analysts make sense of the model internals; (3) the post-modeling explainability module that provides additional explanations to enhance the understandability of the results produced by the AI models; (4) the attribution module that selects the appropriate explanations for the analysts according to their needs; and (5) the evaluation module that evaluates the explanations and collects feedback from analysts. FAIXID has been implemented and evaluated using experiments with real-world datasets. Evaluation of results demonstrates that the utilization of data cleaning and AI explainability techniques provide quality explanations to analysts depending on their expertise and backgrounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When using polymer injection technology in oilfields, the problem is the separation of oil and water from the produced fluid. Based on the water quality characteristics of the polymer-containing sewage, an improved cyclone air-flotation separation device has been designed and tested in an oilfield wastewater treatment station to investigate the sewage treatment volume and return flow parameters. The effect of polymer ratio, split ratio, and bubble size on the air-flotation cyclone productivity is studied. The results show that when the treatment volume of polymer-containing sewage is 7 m3/h, the reflux ratio and the split ratio are 20% and 11%, respectively, the bubble size is large, the oil content in the wastewater after treatment decreases from 500.6 to 45.75 m3/h, and the suspended solids content decreases from 601.7 to 206.1 m3/h. Finally, the test results show that the wastewater after treatment complies with the requirements for the further filtration process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We develop new techniques for studying the modular and the relative modular flows of general excited states. We show that the class of states obtained by acting on the vacuum (or any cyclic and separating state) with invertible operators from the algebra of a region is dense in the Hilbert space. This enables us to express the modular and the relative modular operators, as well as the relative entropies of generic excited states in terms of the vacuum modular operator and the operator that creates the state. In particular, the modular and the relative modular flows of any state can be expanded in terms of the modular flow of operators in vacuum. We illustrate the formalism with simple examples including states close to the vacuum, and coherent and squeezed states in generalized free field theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Magnesium-based alloys are appropriate materials for transportation applications owing to their high strength-to-weight ratio. However, the poor corrosion performance of Mg alloy limits its lifetime. In this study, the pure Al coating was deposited onto an AZ91D substrate by cold spraying, and then modified by friction stir-spot-processing. The interfacial microstructure and phase were studied in detail, and the effect of the intermetallic compounds on the microhardness and corrosion properties of the coatings was investigated. Results show that the sound and dense coatings were obtained after friction stir-spot-processing at 2400 and 2700 rpm. Al12Mg17 was found in the upper part of the 1/2 radius zone in the processed coating. The thin and thick IMCs were identified at the interface in the center and 1/2 radius areas, respectively. In the thick IMCs, mainly two types of multi-phase coexistence structures were observed. The four-phase coexistence structure dominated by Al3Mg2 revealed a higher microhardness than the three-phase coexistence structure dominated by Al12Mg17. In the processed coating, the upper part of the 1/2 radius zone containing Al12Mg17 exhibited a higher microhardness than the center zone. Moreover, the cold-sprayed Al coating provided more effective corrosion protection for the AZ91D substrate after FSSP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The association between intestinal flora and ulcerative colitis (UC) was studied in order to provide a basis and method for clinical treatment. Fresh fecal samples were collected from 30 active UC patients and 10 healthy controls. The intestinal flora DNA from each sample was extracted and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was carried out using HiSeq platform to identify the intestinal flora in fecal samples. The richness and diversity of intestinal flora in UC patients were significantly lower than those in healthy control group (P < 0.05). Significant differences were observed between the intestinal flora-species of UC patients and healthy controls. Synergistetes (P < 0.01) and Firmicutes (P < 0.05), along with probiotics Veillonella (P < 0.01), Ruminococcus and Coprococcus (P < 0.05) in the UC patients were lower than that in the healthy controls significantly. Furthermore, compared with the control group, Tenericutes (P < 0.01) and intestinal pathogenic bacteria, including Bacteroides (P < 0.01), Escherichia and Sutterella (P < 0.05) were significantly increased. The incidence of UC is significantly associated with the changes in intestinal flora. Changes in intestinal flora may lead to a decrease in the diversity of intestinal flora or to the enrichment of a particular intestinal flora. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel mycovirus belonging to the proposed family "Fusariviridae" was discovered in Alternaria solani by sequencing a cDNA corresponding to double-stranded RNA extracted from this phytopathogenic fungus. The virus was tentatively named "Alternaria solani fusarivirus 1" (AsFV1). AsFV1 has a single-stranded positive-sense (+ssRNA) genome of 6845 nucleotides containing three open reading frames (ORFs) and a poly(A) tail. The largest ORF, ORF1, encodes a large polypeptide of 1,556 amino acids (aa) with conserved RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and helicase domains. The ORF2 and ORF3 have overlapping regions, encoding a putative protein of 522 amino acids (aa) and a putative protein of 105 amino acids (aa), respectively, both of unknown function. A multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis revealed that AsFV1 could be a new member of the "Fusariviridae". This is the first report of the full-length nucleotide sequence of a fusarivirus that infects Alternaria solani. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Random noise suppression is an essential task in the seismic data processing. In recent years deep learning methods have achieved superior results in seismic data denoising. However, obtaining clean data from field seismic data for training is challenging. Therefore, supervised deep learning denoising methods can only use synthetic datasets or field datasets constructed by conventional seismic denoising methods for training. Aiming at this problem, we proposed a self-supervised deep learning seismic denoising method based on Neighbor2Neighbor. This method only requires sampling the noisy data twice to train the denoising network without clean data. For the characteristics of seismic data, we designed a vertical neighbor subsample to make Neighbor2Neighbor more suitable for seismic data. In addition, to further improve the denoising effect in field data, we introduced a transfer learning strategy in our method. Numerical experiments demonstrated that our method outperformed both the conventional denoising seismic method and the supervised learning seismic denoising method after transfer learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we derive a random-enhanced quantum particle swarm optimization (QPSO) algorithm and develop a new finite difference (FD) scheme based on this algorithm. The random-enhanced QPSO algorithm has advantages of convergence speed and can converge within the 200th iteration. Under the same conditions, the convergence speed of the conventional QPSO algorithm is much lower than that of the random-enhanced QPSO algorithm. Numerical dispersion analysis reveals that the optimized FD scheme based on the random-enhanced QPSO algorithm has a broader spectral coverage, and the accuracy error is maintained within a valid range, signifying that the random-enhanced QPSO algorithm can better search for accurate global solutions. Finally, numerical modeling of elastic wave equations is performed using the optimized FD scheme based on the random-enhanced QPSO algorithm. The numerical modeling results indicate that the optimized FD scheme based on the random-enhanced QPSO algorithm can effectively suppress numerical dispersion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Outfit compatibility modeling is an increasingly important task that has garnered much attention from researchers, and graph neural network (GNN)-based methods have become the mainstream approach to address this task. Despite significant progress achieved by existing research, most of them have overlooked the importance of low-order connectivity in graph data and the relationship between individual fashion items and overall outfit style. To address this issue, we propose an outfit compatibility modeling scheme based on outfit-level relationships. This scheme consists of two key components: FCSA-GNN and GOR. The former consists of multiple layers of Fashion Items Relationship Propagation, where the weights of the graph edges are adapted based on the Category Co-occurrence Matrix. This approach avoids potential imbalances in the quantities of different fashion item categories within the dataset. Subsequently, by connecting the outputs of GNN at each layer, it explores the relationships between fashion item visual signals at different levels. The latter integrates the overall outfits style and further enhances the model’s ability to learn a comprehensive representation of the overall outfits through the proposed outfit-level relationships. Experimental results on two real datasets, Polyvore outfit-ND and Polyvore outfit-D, demonstrate that our method outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods when considering only visual information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inorg Nano-Metal Chem. 2021; 51: 1477-1483 3 Zheng XY, Yang P. Crystal structures and anti-gastric cancer activities of two Cd(II)-based coordination polymers constructed from different donor ligands. Two Yb(III)-containing coordination polymers: structural insights and synergy effect with seventy-flavor pearl pills on cerebral ischemia by regulating monoamine neurotransmitters. [Extracted from the article]

Key message: Novel wheat-rye 6RS small fragment translocation lines with powdery mildew resistance were developed, and the resistance gene PmW6RS was physically mapped onto 6RS-0.58–0.66-bin corresponding to 18.38 Mb in Weining rye. Rye (Secale cereale L., RR) contains valuable genes for wheat improvement. However, most of the rye resistance genes have not been successfully used in wheat cultivars. Identification of new rye resistance genes and transfer of these genes to wheat by developing small fragment translocation lines will make these genes more usable for wheat breeding. In this study, a broad-spectrum powdery mildew resistance gene PmW6RS was localized on rye chromosome arm 6RS using a new set of wheat-rye disomic and telosomic addition lines. To further study and use PmW6RS, 164 wheat-rye 6RS translocation lines were developed by 60Coγ-ray irradiation. Seedling and adult stage powdery mildew resistance analysis showed that 106 of the translocation lines were resistant. A physical map of 6RS was constructed using the 6RS translocation and deletion lines, and PmW6RS was localized in the 6RS-0.58–0.66-bin, flanked by markers X6RS-3 and X6RS-10 corresponding to the physical interval of 50.23–68.61 Mb in Weining rye genome. A total of 23 resistance-related genes were annotated. Nine markers co-segregate with the 6RS-0.58–0.66-bin, which can be used to rapidly trace the 6RS fragment carrying PmW6RS. Small fragment translocation lines with powdery mildew resistance were backcrossed with wheat cultivars, and 39 agronomically acceptable homozygous 6RS small fragment translocation lines were obtained. In conclusion, this study not only provides novel gene source and germplasms for wheat resistance breeding, but also laid a solid foundation for cloning of PmW6RS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To conduct a systematic review to summarize the definition, measurement tools, prevalence, and contributing factors of impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: A reproducible search strategy was used to identify factors affecting IAH in T2DM in PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, PsycINFO, and CINAHL from inception until 2022. Literature screening, quality evaluation, and information extraction were performed independently by 2 investigators. A meta-analysis of prevalence was performed using Stata 17.0. Results: The pooled prevalence of IAH in patients with T2DM was 22% (95%CI:14–29%). Measurement tools included the Gold score, Clarke's questionnaire, and the Pedersen-Bjergaard scale. IAH in T2DM was associated with sociodemographic factors (age, BMI, ethnicity, marital status, education level, and type of pharmacy patients visited), clinical disease factors (disease duration, HbAlc, complications, insulin therapy regimen, sulfonylureas use, and the frequency and severity of hypoglycemia), and behavior and lifestyle (smoking and medication adherence). Conclusion: The study found a high prevalence of IAH in T2DM, with an increased risk of severe hypoglycemia, suggesting that medical workers should take targeted measures to address sociodemographic factors, clinical disease, and behavior and lifestyle to reduce IAH in T2DM and thus reduce hypoglycemia in patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unfortunately, the current statement "Lili Zhong, Qiaomei Dai and Jing Yang have contributed equally to this work" is not corrrect. The online version of the original article can be found at https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-022-01045-x The original online version of this article has been revised. [Extracted from the article]

Background: Resuscitation in drowning victim with cardiac arrest is difficult because of severe metabolic acidosis and multiple organ dysfunction. There is insufficient evidence to support that veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) is beneficial for patient. Case presentation: A 44-year-old female was trapped under river when she attempted to rescue her drowning father. Furthermore, she underwent a loss of consciousness, with extreme metabolic acidosis, hypothermia and hypotension. Hence, the VV-ECMO, continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and other resuscitative infusion were required. In this case, the patient did not experience any complication or neurologic deficit and reaching a complete recovery after 21 days of hospitalization. Conclusions: Our case adds further concerns in supporting a patient with extreme metabolic acidosis (pH < 6.5) and hypothermia after severe drowning cardiac arrest, including extracorporeal life support, renal support, targeted temperature management, cerebral resuscitation, etc., due to the reversible nature of this condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]