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This study explores the use of a Gd-doped Zinc-MOF composite as a catalyst for effectively removing antibiotics from water using photocatalysis. The Gd@Zinc-MOF material is synthesized in a one-step process and demonstrates semiconducting properties. It possesses a band gap of 3.15 eV, which allows for efficient photodegradation of antibiotics when exposed to UV light. The suitability of its catalytic activity is confirmed through characterization using analytical and spectroscopic methods. The photocatalytic process was conducted under optimal conditions, resulting in a remarkable 92.15% degradation of NFT (Nitrofurantoin). These conditions included a pH of 7, an antibiotic concentration of 30 mg/L, and a photocatalyst dosage of 20 mg/L, with a duration of 120 min. The photodecomposition process is illuminated by radical trapping experiments, highlighting the crucial role of O2˙−. In addition, the Gd@Zinc-MOF material exhibits remarkable stability when used repeatedly as a photocatalyst. In addition, the super capacitive activity of the material was extensively studied. Gd@Zinc-MOF exhibited a specific capacitance of 1156.25 F g−1 at a discharge current density of 1 A g−1, and maintained 93.07% of its capacitance after 4000 cycles. The study highlights the potential of Gd-doped Zinc-MOF composites as effective photocatalysts for water purification and promising electrode materials for future energy storage applications.Graphical Abstract: This study explores the use of a Gd-doped Zinc-MOF composite as a catalyst for effectively removing antibiotics from water using photocatalysis. The Gd@Zinc-MOF material is synthesized in a one-step process and demonstrates semiconducting properties. It possesses a band gap of 3.15 eV, which allows for efficient photodegradation of antibiotics when exposed to UV light. The suitability of its catalytic activity is confirmed through characterization using analytical and spectroscopic methods. The photocatalytic process was conducted under optimal conditions, resulting in a remarkable 92.15% degradation of NFT (Nitrofurantoin). These conditions included a pH of 7, an antibiotic concentration of 30 mg/L, and a photocatalyst dosage of 20 mg/L, with a duration of 120 min. The photodecomposition process is illuminated by radical trapping experiments, highlighting the crucial role of O2˙−. In addition, the Gd@Zinc-MOF material exhibits remarkable stability when used repeatedly as a photocatalyst. In addition, the super capacitive activity of the material was extensively studied. Gd@Zinc-MOF exhibited a specific capacitance of 1156.25 F g−1 at a discharge current density of 1 A g−1, and maintained 93.07% of its capacitance after 4000 cycles. The study highlights the potential of Gd-doped Zinc-MOF composites as effective photocatalysts for water purification and promising electrode materials for future energy storage applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]