8 results
Search Results
2. Closing disparities between European sending and receiving international migration flow data.
- Author
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Abel, Guy J. and Yildiz, Dilek
- Subjects
TRANSBORDER data flow ,HUMAN migration patterns ,COUNTRY of origin (Immigrants) ,EMIGRATION & immigration - Abstract
Evidence-based policies to monitor and manage migration flows require accurate data. Data collection on international migration flow statistics is based on a range of data sources and measures. Discrepancies in reported migration flow data are apparent when comparing flow statistics from receiving countries on the number of arriving migrants by their country of origin with statistics from sending countries on the number of departing migrants by their country of destination. In recent decades the relative incompleteness and non-comparability in reported migration statistics have motivated a number of initiatives to improve data in European countries. In this paper we illustrate graphically the discrepancies between sending and receiving migration flow statistics provided to Eurostat by European countries. We find a reduction of the discrepancies between receiving and sending migration flow data after the implementation of regulations to improve the availability and comparability of migration data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe: five lessons from the European Society for Traumatic Stress Studies.
- Author
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Javakhishvili, Jana D., Arnberg, Filip, Greenberg, Neil, Kazlauskas, Evaldas, Lotzin, Annett, and Xavier, Miguel
- Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic ,MENTAL illness ,COVID-19 ,MENTAL health policy ,MENTAL health ,EUROPEAN communities - Abstract
Copyright of European Journal of Psychotraumatology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. How microbreweries flooded Europe: mapping a new phenomenon in the beer industry.
- Author
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Materna, Kryštof, Bernhäuserová, Veronika, Hasman, Jiří, and Hána, David
- Subjects
BEER industry ,MICROBREWERIES ,BREWERIES ,STATISTICS ,BEER - Abstract
Europe has experienced a major boom of new breweries over the last thirty years, with thousands of new breweries being set up, even in regions where brewing has no history. So far, however, this microbrewing wave has not been systematically mapped. This paper presents a unique database of European breweries from 1990–2020. Using a series of maps and statistical analyses, it shows how breweries have gradually spread across Europe. Initially, microbreweries were being established in countries that are in a declining stage of the beer life-cycle from industrial breweries. After 2005 (and particularly in the 2010s), breweries reached other regions through neighbouring and hierarchical spatial diffusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Challenges faced by manufacturers with clinical evaluation under the new European Medical Device Regulations.
- Author
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Kearney, Breda and McDermott, Olivia
- Subjects
MEDICAL equipment ,MEDICAL laws ,MANUFACTURING industries ,GENERATION gap - Abstract
This study seeks to investigate the impact of strengthened requirements for clinical evaluation for medical device manufacturers in Europe due to the new Medical Device Regulations. Qualitative interviews were conducted with eight clinical evaluation consultants from eight different European countries who review and approve clinical evaluation reports for manufacturers prior to their submission to notified bodies. The study describes the sources of device clinical evaluation evidence and describes the consultants' recommendations and challenges encountered when reviewing Clinical Evaluation Reports. The findings from the study demonstrate that understanding what constitutes sufficient clinical evidence poses the biggest challenge to the generation of an MDR-compliant Clinical Evaluation Report. Additionally, the study identified a knowledge and skills gap in the generation and assessment of acceptable regulatory and clinical data. Further, there is heterogeneity in the reviews of Clinical Evaluation Reports received by consultants and inadequate guidance to enable compliance by manufacturers. This study found that some manufacturers of certain CE-marked medical devices are planning to remove them from the EU market upon expiration of their certificate, and in the case of new innovative devices, some manufacturers may launch in other non-EU markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Quality of life indices: how robust are the results considering different aggregation techniques?
- Author
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Macků, Karel and Barvíř, Radek
- Subjects
QUALITY of life ,PUBLIC sphere - Abstract
The quality of life has been an attractive topic for several decades, and it has received attention in the scientific, political and public spheres. However, in a growing number of studies aimed at assessing the quality of life, inconsistencies persist in the definition, theoretical underpinnings and in approaches to assessing the quality of life. This study aims to compare the results of different methods of aggregating quality of life indicators into a synthetic index. The synthesis of individual sub-indices results in a final quality of life index and a typology which describes the variability arising from using different index calculation methods. The individual approaches to the calculations confirm the partial robustness of the results which, at the same time, can be an inspiration for a range of tasks where the parallel use of different methods reveals interesting internal relationships in the analysed data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Evolving strategies for meningococcal vaccination in Europe: Overview and key determinants for current and future considerations.
- Author
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Martinón-Torres, Federico, Taha, Muhamed-Kheir, Knuf, Markus, Abbing-Karahagopian, Victoria, Pellegrini, Michele, Bekkat-Berkani, Rafik, and Abitbol, Véronique
- Subjects
MENINGOCOCCAL infections ,MENINGOCOCCAL vaccines ,IMMUNIZATION ,EPIDEMIOLOGY - Abstract
Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is a life-threatening, unpredictable condition. Vaccines are available against 5 of the 6 meningococcal serogroups (Men) accounting for nearly all IMD cases worldwide; conjugate monovalent MenC, quadrivalent MenACWY, and protein-based MenB vaccines are commonly used. We provide a comprehensive overview of the evolution of meningococcal vaccination strategies employed in national immunization programmes (NIPs) and their impact on IMD incidence in Europe. A more in-depth description is given for several countries: the United Kingdom (UK), the Netherlands, Greece, Italy, and Ireland. We searched European health authorities' websites and PubMed. Various vaccines and immunization schedules are used in 21 NIPs. Most countries implement MenC vaccination in infants, MenACWY in adolescents, and a growing number, MenB in infants. Only Malta has introduced MenACWY vaccination in infants, and several countries reimburse immunization of toddlers. The UK, Italy, Ireland, Malta, Andorra, and San Marino recommend MenB vaccination in infants and MenACWY vaccination in adolescents, targeting the most prevalent serogroups in the most impacted age groups. Main factors determining new vaccination strategies are fluctuating IMD epidemiology, ease of vaccine implementation, ability to induce herd protection, favorable benefit–risk balance, and acceptable cost-effectiveness. Since 1999, when the UK introduced MenC vaccination, the reduction in IMD incidence has been gradually enhanced as other countries adopted routine meningococcal vaccinations. Meningococcal vaccination strategies in each country are continually adapted to regional epidemiology and national healthcare priorities. Future strategies may include broader coverage vaccines when available (e.g., MenABCWY, MenACWY), depending on prevailing epidemiology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. One decade (2011–2020) of European agricultural water stress monitoring by MSG-SEVIRI: workflow implementation on the Virtual Earth Laboratory (VLab) platform.
- Author
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Bayat, Bagher, Montzka, Carsten, Graf, Alexander, Giuliani, Gregory, Santoro, Mattia, and Vereecken, Harry
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WORKFLOW management systems ,WORKFLOW ,TIME series analysis ,SPATIAL resolution ,CLOUD computing ,EVAPOTRANSPIRATION - Abstract
Cloud computing facilities can provide crucial computing support for processing the time series of satellite data and exploiting their spatio-temporal information content. However, dedicated efforts are still required to develop workflows, executable on cloud-based platforms, for ingesting the satellite data, performing the targeted processes, and generating the desired products. In this study, an operational workflow is proposed, based on monthly Evaporative Stress Index (ESI) anomaly, and implemented in cloud-based online Virtual Earth Laboratory (VLab) platform, as a demonstration, to monitor European agricultural water stress. To this end, daily time-series of actual and reference evapotranspiration (ET
a and ET0 ), from the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) sensor, were used to execute the proposed workflow successfully on VLab. The execution of the workflow resulted in obtaining one decade (2011–2020) of European monthly agricultural water stress maps at 0.04˚ spatial resolution and corresponding stress reports for each country. To support open science, all the workflow outputs are stored in GeoServer, documented in GeoNetwork, and made available through MapStore. This enables creating a dashboard for better visualization of the results for end-users. The results from this study demonstrate the capability of VLab platform for water stress detection from time series of SEVIRI-ET data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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