610 results
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2. Call for papers for a special issue on economic policy in an era of crises and uncertainty – tackling global inequality and financial instability, building forward post-covid, and securing net zero.
- Author
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Michie, Jonathan, Whyman, Philip B., and Yeoman, Ruth
- Subjects
ECONOMIC policy ,FINANCIAL crises ,INCOME inequality ,EQUALITY ,CLIMATE change ,COVID-19 - Abstract
Call for papers for a special issue on economic policy in an era of crises and uncertainty - tackling global inequality and financial instability, building forward post-covid, and securing net zero Papers for this Special Issue are invited to address the complexity of economic policy formation given the multiplicity of policy objectives along with the uncertainty over the global economy. The I International Review of Applied Economics i invites papers for a Special Issue on 'Economic policy in an era of crises and uncertainty - tackling global inequality and financial instability, building forward post-covid, and securing net zero'. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2022
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3. Diversity, inclusion and culture wars: Everything a psychotherapist should need to know about 'intersectional feminist, trans*, critical race/whiteness, migration, (in)equality, queer, disability, post-colonial, decolonial, approaches and studies' but is too afraid to ask?
- Author
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Loewenthal, Del
- Subjects
LGBTQ+ people ,TRANSGENDER people ,RACE ,INTELLECTUAL disabilities ,CULTURE conflict ,PSYCHOTHERAPISTS ,EQUALITY ,DECOLONIZATION - Abstract
This was from a supervisee where her client had described successfully instigating sex with a waiter when she called at night for the hotel's room service and the therapist hesitated exploring this with her client/patient for concern she might be seen as against feminism. Here, on commentating on the papers, Gillian critiques the concepts of "diversity" and "inclusion" promoting a critical diversity approach. But is too afraid to ask? Here, the taboo of therapist self-disclosure and literature addressing disclosure and disability issues from a psychodynamic perspective is explored using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2023
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4. Public service broadcasting and gender equal coverage: reflections on research and practice in Ireland and Sweden.
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Liston, Katie, Hellstrand, Linn, and O'Leary, Clíona
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MUNICIPAL services ,PUBLIC broadcasting ,SPORTS administration ,TELEVISED sports ,GENDER ,SPORTS participation - Abstract
This paper makes three important contributions: to research on media and gender equality, specifically through the lens of gender equal sports coverage; to understanding the lived experiences of women in public service sports broadcasting, and to gender-sensitive public discourse and policy debates concerning the relationship between media and sport. In it, we examine industry attempts to achieve gender equal coverage in public service broadcasting (PSB) in Ireland and Sweden. The paper draws on a three-way dialogic exchange between the authors who, together, have sizeable professional and personal experiences of public service sports broadcasting, sports participation (from amateur to elite levels), and of voluntary sports coaching and administration. This novel exchange also responds to calls for greater insights into women's engagements with media. The paper concludes by considering current issues for PSBs in relation to gender equal coverage and suggesting potential future lines of enquiry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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5. Institutions of justice and intuitions of fairness: contesting goods, rules and inequalities.
- Author
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Pesch, Udo
- Subjects
JUSTICE ,INTUITION ,SOCIAL institutions ,SOCIAL justice ,FAIRNESS ,PUBLIC sphere - Abstract
This paper examines the intrinsic relation between institutions and social justice. Its starting point is that processes of institutionalization invoke societal groups to articulate justice demands which, in their turn, give rise to processes of institutional redesign. In liberal democracies, demands for justice are articulated as a pursuit for emancipation and empowerment of groups that feel excluded by dominant categorizations. The imminent presence of this twin pursuit for justice can be explained by the conceptual inconsistencies that characterize the distinction between the public and private sphere. These inconsistencies also explain why demands for emancipation and empowerment are intrinsically ambiguous and inconsistent. In order to reconsider the question how institutions are to be adapted to allow for social justice while acknowledging the plurality, ambiguity and volatility of justice demands, the paper will propose an empirical and normative research agenda. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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6. The Last Utopians: Four Late Nineteenth-Century Visionaries and Their Legacy: by Michael Robertson, Princeton, NJ, Princeton University Press, 2018, 318 pp., £25.00/$29.95 (cloth), $19.95/£16.99 (paper).
- Author
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Danto, Elizabeth Ann
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HUMAN behavior ,CONDOMINIUMS ,POLITICAL philosophy ,EQUALITY ,OCCUPY Wall Street protest movement ,NINETEENTH century - Abstract
I News from Nowhere i , the 1890 novel William Morris published two years after Bellamy's, likewise locates a socialist society of the future within an imaginary twenty-first century. Lest Morris be accused of merely retelling a socialist fantasy, the novel's central love story portrays the reality of human struggle for freedom even in a utopia. Against this background, Robertson's portraits of utopian authors sadly depart from Morris's or Gilman's sophisticated voices of egalitarianism in a better future. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2022
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7. Towards conceptualization and quantification of the digital divide.
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Korovkin, Vladimir, Park, Albert, and Kaganer, Evgeny
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DIGITAL divide ,REGIONAL development ,EQUALITY ,HUMAN capital ,COVID-19 pandemic ,SUPPLY & demand - Abstract
The digital divide gained new importance since the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemics. However, the phenomenon is far from being fully conceptualized or effectively measured. The key question, whether digital divide is a mere extension of other social inequalities, or it has significant new meaning, remains largely unanswered; a reason is the lack of effective instruments of quantitative study of the phenomenon that would capture its complex nature. The present paper addresses both conceptualizing and measurement issues, suggesting that separation of supply- and demand-side considerations is crucial in understanding the digital divide and introducing a composite Digital Life Index, measures separately the digital supply and demand across seven independent dimensions. The Index is based on Internet-borne data, a distinction from traditional research approaches that rely on official statistics or surveys. Though the empiric part of the paper is focused on the sub-national digital divide in Russia we argue that its methodology can be applied on many other levels and its conceptual findings are relevant to understanding the phenomenon globally. The hierarchical regression analysis is used to determine the relative importance of factors like income, human capital, and policy in shaping the digital divide. The result of the analysis suggests that the digital divide is driven more by the differences in demand than in supply; the role of income is insignificant, and the quality of policy and human capital is the key determinant of the divide. The paper advances the existing conceptual and methodological literature on the issue and can also inform practical decision-making regarding the strategies of national and regional digital development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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8. In pursuit of equity vocational education and training and social justice.
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Avis, James
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VOCATIONAL education ,SOCIAL justice ,MERITOCRACY ,AFFIRMATIVE action programs in education ,EMPLOYERS - Abstract
The paper problematises conceptualisations of Vocational Education and Training (VET) and its relationship to social justice by examining a number of debates. It explores a post-structural policy analysis which is sensitive to the manner in which, through research, we constitute the object of our inquiry and as a result of this process subtly change it. This initial discussion leads into an examination of hegemonic constructions of VET. Subsequently, the paper addresses the contours of inequality as they apply to VET and English further education. This is followed by an examination of conceptualisations of equity, equality and meritocracy. In conclusion, the paper poses a question – how far can VET be shifted from its occupational moorings in order to contribute towards a socially just society, or is it compromised by its close association with the needs of capital and employers? This is not merely an empirical but also a political question that hinges on conceptualisations of social justice and power as well as the manner in which these are addressed in the struggle for a fairer more just society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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9. Who governs and why it matters. An analysis of race equality and diversity in the composition of further education college governing bodies across the UK.
- Author
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Bathmaker, Ann-Marie and Pennacchia, Jodie
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RACISM ,BLACK Lives Matter movement ,PUBLIC demonstrations ,MINORITIES - Abstract
Concerns about racism and race equality have been widely reported in the first decades of the 21st century, following the Black Lives Matter protests and campaigns such as 'Rhodes Must Fall'. Yet 'race' remains largely absent from policy debate and research concerning further education colleges in the four countries of the UK, particularly in relationship to leadership and governance. The focus of this paper is on who governs and why it matters. Governors and trustees play an increasingly visible and significant role in public, private and charity sector organisations, but diversity on governing bodies of further education across the UK remains patchy and is seen as a major challenge. The paper reports on what is known about the composition of governing bodies and what this tells us about the involvement of governors from black and minority ethnic backgrounds at the present time, drawing on a three-year project which examined the processes and practices of governing in the four countries of the UK. The findings highlight the continuing absence of governors from black and minority ethnic backgrounds on college governing boards and suggest that normative, invisible assumptions of how governing gets done persist, with black and minority ethnic governors often little more than a token gesture of adding diversity to the faces on the board. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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10. Easterlin-paradox: a revisionist account for the enlightened politician.
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Cohen Kaminitz, Shiri
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SOCIAL scientists ,POLITICIANS ,LIFE satisfaction - Abstract
Social scientists have engaged extensively with the empirical findings of the Easterlin-paradox. However, any statement regarding the meaning and implications of the paradox are derived only through the mediation of normative assumptions. The paper renders these assumptions explicit (and, therefore, open for political discussion), a necessary step in legitimizing the Easterlin paradox as a compass for politics. Based on the analysis of the assumptions lurking behind the common implications of the paradox, the paper opens the door to alternative implications of the paradox. Thus, it refers to other normative assumptions that combine together the assumptions discussed - and is therefore regarded as pluralist in essence - and singles out one particular strong variant - the 'dual necessity' variant. This strong assumption, invariably overlooked in the literature, is defined here and its significant political implications for the Easterlin paradox illustrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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11. Missing in action: queer(y)ing the educational implications of data justice in an age of automation.
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Arantes, Janine Aldous and Vicars, Mark
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AUTOMATION ,LGBTQ+ people ,DECISION making ,EQUALITY ,CITIZENSHIP - Abstract
In the recent Australian 2021 census, the socio-technical construct of algorithmically driven decision-making processes made LGBTQI+ data as a category of diversity, inclusion and belonging an absent presence. In this paper, we position the notion of 'data justice' in relation to the entrenchment of inequalities and exclusion of LGBTQI+ lives and consider the implications of LGBTQI+ data being missing in action. As we look at the notion of 'data justice', we consider five critical socio-technical imaginaries with different kinds of data to think through the implications of technical democracy, data justice and post-automation. Finally, we consider the imaginary of citizenship when LGBTQI+ data is habitually missing in action from systematic power integrated into forms of governance. This paper positions 'data' not as a static 'object or process' but as a dynamic ecology that carries with it a multi-faceted set of coded meanings requiring constant review and reconsideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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12. Voices in a pandemic: using deep mapping to explore children's sense of place during the COVID-19 pandemic in UK.
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Webber, Amanda D., Jones, V., McEwen, L., Deave, T., Gorell Barnes, L., Williams, S., Hobbs, L., Fogg-Rogers, L., and Gopinath, D.
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COVID-19 pandemic , *SOCIAL marginality , *EQUALITY , *DIGITAL technology , *SOCIAL history - Abstract
Children's sense of place is important for wellbeing, development and belonging in a community or place. The VIP-CLEAR (Voices in a Pandemic – Children's Lockdown Experiences Applied to Recovery) project used creative methods and repeat engagement to capture children's experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic in socially disadvantaged, urban settings, in Bristol, UK. This paper focuses on findings from the two-phased 'deep mapping' activity conducted in schools with 6–11-year-olds to consider children's sense of place at this time. Children's maps showed how their mobility was restricted to the home and/or adult-controlled, looped routes for functional tasks rather than child-directed exploration. Key locations - including school, family houses, and parks - were disconnected and highlighted as sites of 'absence', where children were excluded. These places were given meaning due to pre-COVID practice, sensory experience, and/or their relationship with valued people. As pandemic mitigation relaxed, children's maps showed increasing connections and greater visibility of the community and non-essential activities. As places changed, the amplification of existing social inequalities became apparent. In both phases, sense of place evolved and digital and natural spaces (through animals) showed potential for children to increase practice and connections with place. A strong sense of place may support adaptation to change, and this paper contributes to limited research on how children's sense of place is dynamic, altering with fluctuating social and environmental conditions, e.g. mitigation of a global pandemic. The implications of findings on future recovery planning involving children are also considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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13. The construction of social Europe through transnational equality.
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Rieder, Clemens M
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EUROPEAN integration , *EQUALITY , *MARKET design & structure (Economics) , *SOCIAL structure , *SOCIAL integration , *SOCIAL marketing - Abstract
This paper examines the relationship between equality and social Europe, which has remained underdeveloped in the process of European integration. In contrast to the social dimension of the EU, the principle of equality has been significant from the beginning of European integration. The paper opens with an overview of how equality functions as the basis for a social Europe. Next, two interpretations of equality are introduced. The EU's preferred interpretation, which is based on merit, is in sync with market ideals. One of the shortcomings of merit-based equality as a foundation of social Europe, however, is its inability to properly disconnect the vulnerable person from the employment market. This paper argues that an alternative interpretation of equality based on value is more suitable, because value-based equality can challenge the potentially harmful social structure of the market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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14. 'This is a tale of friendship, a story of togetherness': the British monarchy, Grenfell Tower, and inequalities in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea.
- Author
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Clancy, Laura
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FRIENDSHIP , *PUBLIC housing , *EQUALITY ,BRITISH monarchy - Abstract
The fire at Grenfell Tower, a block of public housing flats in The Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea, London, in June 2017 has come to epitomize the growing divide between Britain's rich and poor in the last decade. Yet, the proximity of Kensington Palace, home of many senior British royals, has been almost entirely ignored in scholarship and commentary on the Grenfell Tower atrocity. This is especially remarkable given the philanthropic 'work' the monarchy has undertaken since the fire's aftermath. This paper explores Together: Our Community Cookbook (The Hubb Community Kitchen. 2018. Together: Our community cookbook. London: Ebury Press), a cookbook released by Meghan Markle as part of her royal charitable 'duties', to raise money for The Hubb Community Kitchen – a group of women displaced in the fire, who prepared meals for survivors in the aftermath. The cookbook repeatedly emphasizes unity, collectivity and togetherness: the importance of a local community response to rehabilitate Grenfell survivors. By analysing the cultural politics of Together through radical contextualization, this paper argues that in releasing the cookbook, the British monarchy itself is incorporated into this narrative of community and recovery, which erases the classed and racialised inequalities between the monarchy and Grenfell survivors (and, indeed, those in similar socioeconomic positions). Fundamentally, the cookbook obscures the ongoing culpability of 'the elites' for the sociopolitical and socioeconomic inequalities experienced by citizens in Britain. Together evidences how inequalities in contemporary Britain are normalized and legitimized in the public imaginary through media representations, obscuring the structural inequalities that underpinned the conditions at Grenfell, and instead individualizing the survivors as 'responsiblised' neoliberal subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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15. Inclusion, equity and intellectual equality: a case of overseas educated multilingual students in an Australian teacher education programme.
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Han, Jinghe and Li, Bojing
- Abstract
Inclusive education is of considerable significance in Australia being politically recognised and promoted by federal and state governments. However, literature suggests conceptual gaps have contributed to a limited understanding by policy makers and practitioners concerning ‘what is’ and ‘who needs’ inclusion. The research this paper reports explores what type of inclusiveness multilingual students have experienced in an Australian university teacher education programme. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews with a group of pre-service teachers with overseas education backgrounds and their Anglophone academic course lecturers. An integrated inclusion model was employed in the data analysis. The research found that the teacher educators exercised efforts to demonstrate inclusiveness to this group from physical, social and psychological perspectives. However, the prior educational experience and existing knowledge of these students were ignored, either consciously or unconsciously and they were often regarded intellectually ‘less able’ than their Anglophone peers. This paper argues that engaging multilingual students from the standpoint of intellectual equality is the key to advancing inclusive teacher education in multilingual and multicultural Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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16. LGBTQA+ allies and activism: past, present and future perspectives.
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Cumming-Potvin, Wendy
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ACTIVISM , *EQUALITY , *SEX discrimination - Abstract
As homophobia, transphobia and biphobia continue to permeate local and global contexts, the role of allies has been recognized as beneficial in supporting equity for LGBTQI+ communities. The concept of LGBTQA+ allyship has also been controversial, with some stakeholders disagreeing about who is an ally and what this role entails. In the academic literature, there is also a scarcity of knowledge examining the interrelation between LGBTQA+ allyship and activism. This paper focuses on deepening historical and cultural understandings regarding the nexus between LGBTQA+ allyship and activism. Underpinned by queer, trans, feminist and intersectional lenses, the paper delineates the LGBTQA+ ally movement and the importance of moving beyond reductionist paradigms to adopt a systemic approach to inclusion, especially in school communities. The paper unpacks diverse definitions of allyship, from those associated with mobilizing the power and privilege of straight, cisgender individuals, to the concept of allyship which includes resilient leadership within LGBTQA+ communities, as well as those, which negotiate and transform fixed and reductive boundaries of gender and sexuality. Recommendations are made for developing LGBTQA+ ally intersectional programmes, characterized by collaborative, expansive and affirmative work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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17. Italian Community Co-operatives: Structuration of Community Development Processes in Italy.
- Author
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Michele, Bianchi
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COOPERATIVE societies , *EQUALITY , *SEMI-structured interviews , *NEGOTIATION , *NONPROFIT sector - Abstract
Italy is famous worldwide for its co-operative sector, and this firm model has proven to be efficacious in redressing many social inequalities over the past two centuries. This paper aims to examine how local communities in diverse regions have adapted this traditional form to the contemporary trend of bottom-up community development processes. Furthermore, the paper compares the Italian initiatives with the international literature on community co-operatives and assesses to which extend similarities and differences are viewable. The qualitative analysis considers 7 co-operatives in various areas of Italy, and analyses result from 15 semi-structured interviews with managers. Findings show the intense work undertaken before the co-operatives' registration, the negotiation of purposes and objectives with external partners, how founder groups have a key role in determining each firm's approach to local development, and how further networks with external subjects are deeply influence the co-operatives' work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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18. Introduction: theorising heritage for the seas.
- Author
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Roszko, Edyta and Winter, Tim
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UNDERWATER cultural heritage ,SOVEREIGNTY ,STATE power ,ENVIRONMENTAL history ,EQUALITY - Abstract
This Introduction makes the case for a more critical engagement with oceans and the maritime within critical heritage theory. We lay out a research agenda that more consciously foregrounds aquatic domains in debates about conservation, sovereignty, governance, state power, and the politics of memory. In laying the ground for the papers that follow, we portray oceanic geographies and maritime heritage as politically and culturally charged arenas in order to argue that oceans are far from neutral or culturally egalitarian spaces and are subject to human-imposed hierarchies and competing ontologies. We scrutinize the dynamic interplay between maritime and marine realms to challenge conventional understandings of space, territory, and ownership, advocating for a reimagined approach to heritage that recognizes the ocean's pivotal role in shaping human history and culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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19. Distributive sufficiency, inequality-blindness and disrespectful treatment.
- Author
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Harting, Vincent
- Subjects
JUSTICE ,DISTRIBUTIVE justice ,MORAL attitudes ,OBJECTIONS (Evidence) ,EQUALITY - Abstract
Sufficientarian theories of distributive justice are often considered to be vulnerable to the 'blindness to inequality and other values objection'. This objection targets their commitment to holding the moral irrelevance of requirements of justice above absolute thresholds of advantage, making them insufficiently sensitive to egalitarian moral concerns that do have relevance for justice. This paper explores how sufficientarians could reply to this objection. Particularly, I claim that, if we accept that the force of the aforementioned objection comes from relational, and not distributive, inequalities, different strategies are open for sufficientarians in order to be sensitive to these concerns. Drawing on recent literature about the relation between distributive and relational egalitarianism, and the possibility of reducing one to the other, strategies of 'internalizing' and 'externalizing' relational egalitarian concerns to a distributive sufficientarian framework are explored. In turn, I suggest that both strategies fail in their standard versions, but argue that a particular 'hybrid view' about justice is an attractive candidate for the sufficientarian theorist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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20. Lived reality of elite neighbourhoods: geographies of inequality in Delhi.
- Author
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Bhandari, Parul
- Subjects
NEIGHBORHOODS ,ELITE (Social sciences) ,EQUALITY ,RESIDENTIAL areas ,PUBLIC spaces ,SHOPPING malls ,LEISURE - Abstract
This paper is an ethnographic account of elite neighbourhoods in Delhi. It unpacks the lived realities of these neighbourhoods by studying how elite-ness is both constituted and contested within gated residential areas and other public spaces of Delhi. It argues that elites extend the unequal world they inhabit outside their gated residences by identifying certain public spaces for their leisure activities, especially shopping malls, leaving the neighbourhood community centres or RWA clubs to cater to non-elite residents. It also focuses on the narratives of the domestic staff employed in elite households, who too inhabit the public spaces within these neighbourhoods, including parks, streets, and markets. In this way, the paper draws out the class contestations within elite neighbourhoods and explains how these spaces become sites of class fractions and factions as they are marked by the politics of who a 'real' elite is. As such, this paper is an account of how class exclusionary boundaries are drawn and subverted by elites and non-elites both in private (gated neighbourhoods) and public spaces (parks, shopping malls), thus bringing attention to the fractured realities of elite neighbourhoods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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21. 'You feel a bit lost': a case study interpreting white, working-class mothers' engagement through habitus.
- Author
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Wilson, Suzanne and McGuire, Kim
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PARENT participation in education ,HABITUS (Sociology) ,EQUALITY ,EDUCATIONAL stratification ,ADULTS - Abstract
Bourdieu argued that class-based inequalities influenced educational outcomes and this paper illustrates the relevance of Bourdieu's concepts in understanding one specific community. A wider study by the authors used the concept of habitus to identify factors which impacted on the participants—predominantly white working-class mothers'—perceptions of their engagement with schools. This paper provides two selected case study examples from the wider study which describes the ways these mothers interpret different habitus in relation to education and discusses how habitus can inform understandings of different parental perceptions towards education and how this affects engagement. Schools can use this insight to ensure that parents from such backgrounds feel better able to engage with their children's education. Schools use this insight to inform to ensure that parents from such backgrounds feel able to engage with their children's education, both at home and in school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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22. No evidence of direct peer influence in upper-secondary track choice—evidence from Hungary.
- Author
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Keller, Tamás
- Subjects
PEER pressure in children ,EDUCATION policy ,CLASSROOM environment ,STUDENT attitudes ,EQUALITY - Abstract
This paper investigates direct peer influence in upper-secondary track choice in the stratified and selective Hungarian educational system and makes two contributions to the literature. First, it tests both peer-contrasting and peer-conforming influences by considering peers' GPA and endogenous educational choices. Second, the paper investigates mechanisms behind peer-conforming educational choices (such as peers' normative pressure and information potential), with a focus on two structurally different peer relationships: self-selected friends and randomly assigned deskmates. The study uses a unique dataset that merges administrative data with randomized field experiment data. The results show no evidence of peer influence, after accounting for unobserved classroom homogeneity. Within the classroom, peers' ability did not decrease, and peers' ambitious endogenous educational choices did not increase students' own choice of the academic upper-secondary track. Concerning the mechanisms of peer-conforming educational choices, the results reveal that peers' informational potential (but not their normative pressure) might be the mechanism that drives students to conform to peers' choices. Thus, the absence of peer influence may contribute to the reproduction of pre-existing social inequalities in upper-secondary track choices since peer influence cannot derail students' socially determined educational choices in Hungary.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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23. Exploring ways of measuring colour-blindness in Sweden: operationalisation and theoretical understandings of a US concept in a new context.
- Author
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Schütze, Carolin and Osanami Törngren, Sayaka
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POSTRACIALISM ,RACIAL & ethnic attitudes ,RACE relations ,WELFARE state ,EQUALITY - Abstract
Colour-blindness is a prominent concept across disciplines in the US but is less prominent and still an emerging and under-utilised conceptual tool in the European and Swedish context. Existing research measures colour-blind attitudes – defined as the belief that race does not matter. In this paper we examine what happens when we translate these US measurements and understandings of colour-blind attitudes to the Swedish context? We present the results from two quantitative studies conducted between 2009 and 2020 in Sweden. Based on these results, we discuss the possibilities, limitations, and implications of replicating the theoretical concepts from the US in the Swedish context and propose possibilities for measuring colour-blindness quantitatively. The paper thereby not only contributes to the theoretical and methodological discussion on understanding colour-blind attitudes in the European context but also highlights the prominence of colour-blind racial attitudes in Sweden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. 'Walking through fog': social inequalities and the journey to postgraduate taught study in England.
- Author
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Marvell, Rosa
- Subjects
EQUALITY ,GRADUATE students ,UNDERGRADUATES ,SOCIAL space ,FAITH - Abstract
Although postgraduate expansion swiftly followed the massification of undergraduate provision, with classed inequalities in access, postgraduate taught (PGT) education has rarely received the same level of scholarly attention as the critical mass of undergraduate research. To address this partial research lacuna, the paper traces 41 biographical narratives of first-generation students enrolled on taught Master's programmes at four English universities, complemented by four dialogic analysis workshops. Theorising social inequalities as lived and navigated structure and process, the paper traces a continuity of familiar refrains of inequality from undergraduate to postgraduate study. However, it illustrates how these may be reformulations, rather than replications. Firstly, it discusses material and symbolic barriers to PGT affordability including high fee levels, familial histories of debt and religious beliefs. Secondly, it emphasises that geographical mobility may be impossible or undesirable for Master's students due to relatively more 'complicated' lives, emplaced commitments, the subjectivity of social space and affective ties to place. Finally, it underscores that 'fitting in' still matters at PGT, as students may either divert from or feel uncomfortable in 'high-status' spaces where they feel they do not belong. In concluding, the paper argues the case for fully integrating PGT into HE equity agendas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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25. The Impact of Income Inequality on Health Levels: Empirical Evidence from China:2002–2016.
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Zhao, Jinkai, Yang, Wanping, and Zhao, Kai
- Subjects
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INCOME inequality , *HEALTH equity , *STANDARD of living , *SIMULTANEOUS equations , *EQUALITY - Abstract
Income inequality had been one of the important manifestations of social inequality, which can affect the health level by affecting savings, health care and living standards. Existing researches about the relationship between income inequality and health ignored the comprehensive characteristic of health concept, and did not consider the intrinsic relationship between health and income inequality. This paper attempts to re-shed light on the relationship. Firstly, this paper constructs a new health level evaluation system from three aspects: health basis, health environment and behavior, and health security. By means of the combination evaluation method, the health levels can be obtained. Then, considering the interaction between health and income inequality, a simultaneous equation group model is constructed to empirically test the relationship between income inequality and health levels in China. The results reveal that health level is negatively correlated with income inequality. Reducing income inequality plays an important role in improving health levels in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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26. Creative solutions to embedded cultural norms: Childlessness shame transformed by relational analysis.
- Author
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de Pottel, Caroline
- Subjects
SOCIAL norms ,CHILDLESSNESS ,SHAME ,EQUALITY ,SOCIAL stigma ,MOTHERHOOD - Abstract
The unmet cultural norm of motherhood can constrain a woman's sense of social equality. Childlessness is often accompanied by social stigma and shame. The author identifies personal barriers within both patient and analyst that were unforeseen prior to the treatment process. The author implements reverie to open deeper aspects of her mind that allows further exploration into the patient's dreams. This interplay between analyst and patient evokes additional memories from the patient's earlier life. The paper is written in a lovely prose style that demonstrates the creative growth of the author while transforming the artistic pursuits of the patient. Both patient and analyst benefit from this mutual awareness of limitations towards new creative possibilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Precision Medicine for Whom? Public Health Outputs from "Genomics England" and "All of Us" to Make Up for Upstream and Downstream Exclusion.
- Author
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Galasso, Ilaria
- Subjects
- *
HEALTH policy , *EQUALITY , *INDIVIDUALIZED medicine , *PUBLIC health , *MEDICAL care , *RIGHT to health , *GENOMICS , *SOCIAL integration - Abstract
This paper problematizes the precision medicine approach embraced by the All of Us Research Program (US) and by Genomics England (UK) in terms of benefits distribution, by arguing that current "diversity and inclusion" efforts do not prevent exclusiveness, unless the framing and scope of the projects are revisited in public health terms. Grounded on document analysis and fieldwork interviews, this paper analyzes efforts to address potential patterns of exclusion upstream (from participating in precision medicine research) and downstream (from benefitting from precision medicine outputs). It argues that efforts for inclusion upstream are not corresponded downstream, and this unbalance jeopardizes the equitable capacities of the projects. It concludes that enhanced focus on socio-environmental determinants of health and aligned public health interventions as precision medicine outputs would be to the benefit of all and especially of those who are most at risk of (upstream as well as downstream) exclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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28. Beyond Presidentialism and Parliamentarianism introduction to the symposium.
- Author
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Weale, Albert
- Subjects
COMPARATIVE government ,MAJORITARIANISM ,CONFERENCES & conventions ,EQUALITY - Abstract
Ganghof's Beyond Presidentialism and Parliamentarianism advances three main claims: an innovative typology of comparative government, introducing the category of semi-parliamentarianism; an explication of two conceptions of majority rule, simple majoritarianism and complex majoritarianism; and a demonstration that there are viable systems of government embodying the political equality associated with each majoritarian conception. This paper explains these claims and identifies issues discussed in this symposium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Civic equality as a democratic basis for public reason.
- Author
-
Kugelberg, Henrik D.
- Subjects
ACCOUNTING standards ,EQUALITY ,CITIZENS ,GOVERNMENT accounting - Abstract
Many democratic theorists hold that when a decision is collectively made in the right kind of way, in accordance with the right procedure, it is permissible to enforce it. They deny that there are further requirements on the type of reasons that can permissibly be used to justify laws and policies. In this paper, I argue that democratic theorists are mistaken about this. So-called public reason requirements follow from commitments that most of them already hold. Drawing on the democratic ideal of civic equality, I show that it can successfully explain why political decision-making must have the right sort of procedure-independent justification. However, contra standard accounts of public reason, I argue that laws and policies need to be justified with convergence accessible, not shared, reasons. Public reasons are those that are accessible in light of evaluative standards shared by all, or in light of every citizen's private evaluative standards. Since this will make the set of public reasons wider, it makes the theory more palatable to sceptics while retaining the framework's justificatory potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Federalism and primary-income inequality.
- Author
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Lee, Kangoh
- Subjects
INCOME inequality ,FEDERAL government ,FEDERAL jurisdiction ,EQUALITY ,ECONOMIC policy ,INHERITANCE & transfer tax - Abstract
The paper studies the effects of federalism on primary-income (before taxes and transfers) inequality. A jurisdiction in a federal system chooses an economic policy for the interests of the jurisdiction, but the policy is determined uniformly at the national level in a unitary system. A jurisdiction with more resources can choose a higher level of public inputs such as productivity-enhancing investment and hence attract more businesses in a federal system, but a jurisdiction in a unitary system cannot. More business activities result in higher incomes, and income inequality is higher in a federal system than in a unitary system. The paper also provides an empirical analysis, and available evidence suggests that primary-income inequality is higher in a federal system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Theorising the meso-level space of school ethos and cultural pedagogy in relation to securitisation policy.
- Author
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Barnard, Mathew
- Subjects
COUNTERTERRORISM ,NATIONAL security ,EQUALITY ,ADULTS ,HIGHER education - Abstract
This paper looks empirically at how the UK's policy of securitisation within education impacts on the meso-level space of cultural ethos and pedagogy within two majority non-white secondary schools and one majority non-white further education college. It does so primarily by documenting how British Values and Prevent policies enabled through the British Government's Counter-Terrorism and Security Act have impacted on institutional ethos both in terms of objective structures and staff subjectivities. It is argued here that the security-curriculum ensemble is a recognition of this meso-level space by central government and represents a development in moves made to restrict access and agency within this space, and even to circumscribe this space through symbolic violence. This paper concludes by urging school/college leaders to exercise their agency at the meso-level; to recognise this space as a place for democratisation and decolonisation as an equitable alternative to enforced cultural 'upgrading' and in(ex)clusion presented through securitisation policy that is in reality an instrument of symbolic domination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. The Cost of Inclusion: How Student Conformity Leads to Inequality on College Campuses: Silver, B. (2020). The cost of inclusion: How student conformity leads to inequality on college campuses. University of Chicago Press. 232 pp. $82.50 (cloth); $27.50 (paper)
- Author
-
Latz, Amanda O. and Neuhouser, Jeffry
- Subjects
SILVER ,CONFORMITY ,EQUALITY ,SILVERWORK ,STUDENTS ,NUDGE theory ,INTEGRITY - Abstract
The cost of inclusion: How student conformity leads to inequality on college campuses. The Cost of Inclusion: How Student Conformity Leads to Inequality on College Campuses: Silver, B. (2020). Silver used the term centrifugal pressure to explain movement toward the margins of any given community and centripetal elevation to explain movement toward the center. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Deconstructing the constraints of justice-based environmental sustainability in higher education.
- Author
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Ajaps, Sandra
- Subjects
SUSTAINABILITY ,HIGHER education ,ECOLOGY ,ANTHROPOCENTRISM ,EQUALITY - Abstract
The omission of epistemologies from the Global South inhibits holistic pedagogical approaches for effective sustainability teaching and learning. Employing the theoretical lens of ecology of knowledges, the structures and dynamics that frame and constrain sustainability education in higher education were critiqued. Six constraints of environmental sustainability pedagogies were also deconstructed: epistemic inequity, globalisation, neoliberalism, pedagogical incompatibility, anthropocentrism, and social inequity. Consequently, ideas for justice-based environmental sustainability were proffered, especially for eco-justice and epistemic justice. The need for sustainability education to be relevant, relatable, critical, holistic, inclusive, and transformational was also argued. Keycontributions of this paper are a compilation of constraints on sustainability pedagogies, demonstration of the relationship between the usually isolated constraints around teaching and learning about sustainability in higher education, and the application of the theory of the ecology of knowledges to the deconstruction of these constraints. These contributions have implications for achieving justice-based sustainability in higher education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Regenerative tourism: a conceptual framework leveraging theory and practice.
- Author
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Bellato, Loretta, Frantzeskaki, Niki, and Nygaard, Christian A.
- Subjects
TOURISM websites ,SUSTAINABLE tourism ,TOURISM ,THEORY-practice relationship ,EQUALITY ,ANTIQUITIES ,ECONOMIC expansion - Abstract
The sustainable tourism development agenda is widely criticised for being co-opted to serve continual economic growth, driving environmental devastation and social inequalities. In response, calls for a fundamental paradigm shift have become louder. Subsequently, a novel approach has emerged, regenerative tourism, which belongs to a long lineage of regenerative development approaches drawing from Western science and Indigenous perspectives, knowledge systems and practices. The paper develops a conceptual framework consisting of five design dimensions and seven practice principles based on practitioner consultations and an appraisal of the theoretical and practical dimensions of regenerative tourism. Consequently, the conceptual framework offers practical guidance for tourism stakeholders working towards regenerative futures. Arguably, this is the most comprehensive review of regenerative tourism to date and contributes to scholarship through its examination of the transformational potential of the regenerative tourism paradigm and related approaches. Supplemental data for this article is available online at at http://doi:10.1080/14616688.2022.2044376. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Levelling up or down? Examining the case of North-East England.
- Author
-
Liddle, Joyce, Shutt, John, and Forbes, Cameron
- Subjects
EQUALITY ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
This paper contributes to the levelling up (LU) debate by examining the case of the North-East of England, a region with long-standing and deep-seated historical issues of inequality. It will determine if centrally directed LU policies are appropriate and necessary interventions by charting the evolution of UK policy shifts and impacts on the region. In analysing the past failed policies and current situation, including the Devolution Deal, the authors point to some of the critical challenges and opportunities still facing regional leaders. It concludes by arguing that the region is at an impasse and calls for a regional summit to agree on regional priorities and more robust and effectively targeted strategies for the future. Overall, the paper suggests that without the correct policy interventions and the capacity to deliver them, levels of inequality will persist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. He Liked America: Granville Hicks and a Political Economy for the Popular Front.
- Author
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Dennis, Michael
- Subjects
SOCIAL theory ,CONTROL (Psychology) ,STATE power ,BUREAUCRACY ,SOCIAL conflict ,EQUALITY ,FREEDOM of association ,WORKING class ,POPULAR culture - Abstract
The relationship between Hicks and Strachey is important, since it illustrates the international conversation among communist activists and intellectuals determined to translate Marxism into something meaningful to white-collar workers.[16] Hicks and Strachey had already been in communication by 1936. If any period seemed the hour of the American worker, it was the 1930s. 19 Anouar Majid, " I Granville Hicks and the Dilemma of American Radicalism i ", PhD. Diss., Syracuse University, 1991, 77. 20 Nathaniel Foster to Granville Hicks, December 8, 1938, Granville Hicks Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Syracuse University. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
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37. Reflections on how education can be for democracy in the twenty-first century.
- Author
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Aly, Anne, Blackmore, Jill, Bright, David, Hayes, Debra, Heffernan, Amanda, Lingard, Bob, Riddle, Stewart, Takayama, Keita, and Youdell, Deborah
- Subjects
NONFORMAL education ,EDUCATIONAL attainment ,DEMOCRACY ,COVID-19 pandemic ,EQUALITY - Abstract
This paper is one of two that bring together a range of education scholars to consider how education might be for democracy in a time of complex challenges facing twenty-first century societies. In this paper, scholars from Australia, Japan and the United Kingdom consider how sites of formal and informal education can respond to multiple unfolding crises, including the COVID-19 global pandemic, catastrophic climate change and ecological collapse, political upheaval, and growing social and economic inequality. What emerges is a wide-ranging set of reflections that engage with these complexities and challenges in a considered and hopeful way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Depathologising the university.
- Author
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Goodley, Dan
- Abstract
This paper develops a conversation with decolonisation to pitch a novel mode of engagement; depathologising the university. While higher education institutions are in the midst of an Equality, Diversity and Inclusion revolution, I posit that all is not well. Too often disability staff and students have been sidelined in Equality, Diversity and Inclusion discourse and practice and this paper addresses this omission. First, I pose a question ‘what is the university for?’ and consider two recent campaigns by Black and Minority Ethnic and disabled students in the UK that offer partial responses to this question. I argue that these campaigns not only implicate the colonial and ableist heritage of universities but also illuminate two critical modes of engagement: decolonisation and depathologisation. Second, to focus the discussion, I introduce
Disability Matters ; a new six year programme of research which seeks to promote more inclusive university environments through positioning disability as the driving subject of inquiry. Third, I offer some provisional and anticipatory thoughts by sitting with decolonisation in order to expand upon a project of depathologisation. I conclude with an appeal; desiring disability’s disruptive qualities to rethink the university. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. When They Know Us: Do Dalit Lives Matter?
- Author
-
Mahanand, Jadumani
- Subjects
RACE identity ,INTERSECTIONALITY ,EQUALITY ,IDENTITY politics ,CASTE discrimination - Abstract
This paper explores the concept of knowing in caste-ridden Dalit lives using the analogy of seeing in the context of the Black African-American racial society, where race is identified primarily through skin colour. Thus, the 'Black body' is marked by the act of seeing. A Dalit body, however, is usually discovered through knowing caste. Knowing is a complex mediated by caste, class, race, religion, occupation, spatiality, language and other forms of placement. Knowing is imperative in the context of a representative democracy to ensure social justice and the equitable distribution of government services. But does knowing someone's identity lead to equal treatment and equal respect, which constitute the substantive measures of democracy? I argue that knowing is a mode used to perpetuate caste, based on everyday ways in which Hindus live their lives. Pursuing this question, I problematise the concept of knowing in the trajectory of Dalit lives. I then take Ambedkar's 'Waiting for a Visa', situated in the genre of Dalit autobiographies, to illustrate the concept of knowing. Finally, I ask: given the politics of knowing, how do Dalit lives matter when practising caste? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Equity not equality: the undocumented migrant child's opportunity to access education in South Africa.
- Author
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Blessed-Sayah, Sarah and Griffiths, Dominic
- Subjects
- *
UNDOCUMENTED immigrant children , *CONSTITUTION education , *LEGAL education - Abstract
Access to education for undocumented migrant children in South Africa remains a significant challenge. While the difficulties related to their inability to access education within the country have been highlighted elsewhere, there remains a lack of clarity on an approach to how this basic human right can be achieved. In this conceptual paper, we draw on the distinction between equality and equity, and describe the various ways in which education has been conceptualised in the South African Constitution – which in part contributes to the existing confusion on education for various groups, including undocumented migrant children. In this paper, we critically reflect on the need to develop an integrated approach for creating a platform that allows all undocumented migrant children access to education in South Africa. We argue that an integrated approach – which entails ways through which access to education can be delivered through the lens of equity – will enhance the right to education for undocumented migrant children in South Africa. We conclude that the South African government must urgently consider this integrated approach to enable access to education for undocumented migrant children, so that they can achieve their full educational potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Post-Brexit regional policy in England: exploring 'Levelling Up' in practice.
- Author
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Gray, Nick and Broadhurst, Kate
- Subjects
BRITISH withdrawal from the European Union, 2016-2020 ,DECENTRALIZATION in government ,EQUALITY ,ECONOMIC development - Abstract
'Levelling Up' has come to dominate debates around regional inequality in England, but has been criticized for lacking clarity and definition. This paper addresses this critique by providing an early assessment of the concept. It summarizes and critically reviews Levelling Up, arguing that the concept offers a mix of marginal and familiar policies, alongside aspirations for industrial policy and research and development. Furthermore, Levelling Up begins to diverge from recent policy in its spatial focus and approach to governance and devolution. As governments in Europe and the United States grapple with similar challenges, the paper has value beyond a UK audience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Navigating the Racial Landscape: Malay Youth Experiences of Education and Work in Singapore.
- Author
-
Mirchandani, Kiran and Skelton, Tracey
- Subjects
RURAL geography ,COOPERATIVE education ,RACE ,RACIAL inequality ,INCOME inequality ,EQUALITY - Abstract
Scholars have noted the need for both empirical and theoretical research on the unique configurations of race and racism within Asia. This paper explores the racialized landscape encountered by Malay youth during their education and employment in the city-state of Singapore. We highlight the three unique building blocks which comprise the country's racial landscape, namely (i) race is used as a naming device by the state; (ii) economic and social inequality along the lines of race exist alongside discourses of meritocracy and (iii) discussions of race which can be perceived as offensive are violations of local laws. Based on focus groups conducted with Malay youth on their experiences and memories of their education and employment, we highlight their perspectives on racial stratification. We explore Singapore's racial landscape within which Malay youth are excluded from networks, silenced through discourses of harmonious multiculturalism, and excluded from Chinese-language-based corporate cultures which are predominant. Our findings suggest that challenging racial inequality in multicultural cities requires the dismantling of systemic systems of stratification. Our analysis contributes to understanding the unique configurations of race and racism in Asia and amongst Asians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. A new framework: non-Western perspectives on international volunteering.
- Author
-
Polus, Reni, Carr, Neil, and Walters, Trudie
- Subjects
VOLUNTEER service ,SOLIDARITY ,VOLUNTEER tourism ,PHYSICAL activity ,SOCIAL belonging - Abstract
International volunteering has typically been conceived as a Western sociocultural phenomenon. Within this paper, we aim to apply a non-Western lens to the development of a conceptual framework, through which to consider an alternative perspective on international volunteering. We highlight how, increasingly, non-Western countries are a place that not only hosts international volunteers but also sends volunteers abroad. Using the notions of solidarity, respect and equality, we illustrate the complexities and nuances of what non-Western international volunteering involves. This paper serves as a point of departure for a deeper assessment of the conceptualization of international volunteering from non-Western perspectives that recognize these will be different from Western perspectives, even in an era of globalization partially driven by international volunteering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Profiling gendered multidimensional poverty and inequality in post-apartheid South Africa.
- Author
-
Omotoso, Kehinde O., Adesina, Jimi, and Adewole, Ololade G.
- Subjects
POVERTY ,EQUALITY ,GENDER inequality ,SOCIAL policy ,JOB creation - Abstract
Reducing the gender gap in poverty remains a priority for South African policymakers. Using the 2018 General Households Survey (GHS), this paper examines gendered multidimensional poverty in post-apartheid South Africa. The analyses draw on Alkire-Foster multidimensional poverty methodology to present multidimensional poverty measures for men and women. The dimensions and indicators used in this paper are slightly adapted to reflect the socioeconomic realities and circumstances that are unique to South African households and individuals. The results show a persistence in multidimensional poverty among women, as the magnitudes of multidimensional poverty measures remain higher for women than for men. Further findings show that the economic activity and health dimensions contribute substantially to poverty among men and women. Notably, contributions of unemployment and the presence of chronic disease(s) indicators for gendered multidimensional poverty are more considerable for women than for men. In order to further reduce gendered poverty, this paper recommends strengthening a social policy review that strongly promotes more job creation, health-enhancing interventions and potent 'gender sensitive' ideologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Better stories for a gender equal and fairer social recovery from outbreaks: learnings from the RESISTIRÉ project.
- Author
-
Strid, Sofia, Schrodi, Colette, and Cibin, Roberto
- Subjects
TELECOMMUTING ,SOCIAL classes ,GENDER ,UNPAID labor ,RACE ,HOME schooling ,INTERNSHIP programs - Abstract
Copyright of Gender & Development is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. China in the global field of international student mobility: an analysis of economic, human and symbolic capitals.
- Author
-
Yang, Peidong
- Subjects
STUDENT mobility ,HIGHER education ,EQUALITY ,ETHNOGRAPHIC analysis - Abstract
The global landscape of higher education is an uneven field where players like nation-states are placed in hierarchical and centre-periphery relations. This paper focuses on the global field of international student mobility (ISM) and investigates China's place in the field using an analytical framework consisting of three key categories of 'capital': economic, human, and symbolic. Drawing on existing scholarship and author's first-hand ethnographic research, the paper examines the case of China as both a source and a destination of ISM, and analyses the flows and accrual of these three forms of capital as consequences of outbound and inbound student mobilities. Analyses show that in a global ISM field characterised by asymmetries and inequalities, China's place is arguably semi-peripheral economically and symbolically. It is argued that this country-focused macro perspective complements existing ISM scholarship's emphasis on social reproduction at individual and private levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. School social segregation and social inequalities in political engagement among 16 to 20 year olds in fourteen countries.
- Author
-
Janmaat, Jan Germen
- Subjects
SEGREGATION ,EQUALITY ,RACE discrimination ,TEENAGERS ,POLITICAL participation - Abstract
This paper assesses the explanatory power of a perspective arguing that school social segregation enhances social inequalities in political engagement because of the distinct effects that concentrations of adolescents of disadvantaged backgrounds in educational settings generate. It tests this argument with data of the 2000 Civic Education Study among Upper Secondary students and uses intentions to participate and political competences as outcomes to represent political engagement. Social inequalities in political competences turn out to be greater in states with the most segregated systems, but social disparities in intentions to participate are unrelated to the level of segregation. The paper argues that policy makers should consider creating a more integrated school system if they seek to reduce social inequalities in informed political participation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Rethinking inequality in the 21st century – inequality and household balance sheet composition in financialized economies.
- Author
-
Szymborska, Hanna Karolina
- Subjects
INCOME inequality ,FINANCIAL statements ,HOUSEHOLDS ,EQUALITY ,MACROECONOMIC models ,SUBPRIME loans - Abstract
This paper analyses the impact of household wealth heterogeneity on inequality and macroeconomic stability in financialized economies. Based on the case of the USA since the 1980s it argues that transformation of financial sector operations has generated inequality by influencing gains from wealth ownership and leverage levels across the income distribution. Securitization and the subprime lending expansion have led to the emergence of a new class of leveraged homeowners, experiencing large increases in wealth prior to the Great Recession, followed by substantial losses after the crisis. Simultaneously, capitalists have diversified their asset portfolios while earning the highest and fastest-growing wages in the economy when employed as financial sector executives. In this light, the paper proposes a new conceptualization of households in macroeconomic models, defined by balance sheet composition rather than income sources alone. To inform this taxonomy, inequality and leverage indicators are simulated in a stock-flow consistent model calibrated to US data with three classes of households distinguished by their wealth composition, and a securitized financial sector. The proposed framework is found to produce more empirically accurate levels of income inequality and greater macroeconomic instability than the two-class division and establishes an equalizing effect of housing for wealth distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Beyond bad weather: climates of uncertainty in rural India.
- Author
-
Matthan, Tanya
- Subjects
CLIMATE change ,EQUALITY ,PEASANTS ,WEATHER ,AGRICULTURAL history ,SYSTEMIC risk (Finance) - Abstract
Drawing on research in central India, this paper argues that emerging climatic risks are inseparable from the systemic risks of capitalist production, particularly in relation to India's ongoing agrarian crisis. Drawing from classic debates in peasant studies around agrarian risk, subsistence, and moral economy, I argue that the intertwined effects of climatic variability and agrarian capitalism have produced a generalized 'climate of uncertainty' in rural India. The paper explores how encounters with agrarian risk reproduce social inequalities. It concludes that a deeper reckoning with regional histories of agrarian change is critical to forging just and secure rural futures in the face of the global climate crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Contextualizing women's empowerment frameworks with an emphasis on social support: a study in rural, South India.
- Author
-
Coley, Christopher, Sheshadri, Srividya, Devanathan, Sriram, and Bhavani, Rao R.
- Subjects
WOMEN'S empowerment ,FAMILY support ,SOCIAL support ,EQUALITY ,SOCIAL stability - Abstract
This paper presents a theoretical framework of women's empowerment developed from an intervention in South India. The framework is unique in that, in addition to common empowerment indicators, it emphasizes the relational aspect of empowerment including the role of men, family, and gendered power structures—and the flexibility of these to change. This is especially pertinent to India, which has struggled to meet global targets for indicators of improved gender equality. The mixed-methods study found evidence that women who felt they had more support from their husbands and family also had more success in the project, and that family support was an overall indicator for empowerment. This paper's contribution is in reframing women's empowerment to better represent the often overlooked structural factors that could intrinsically resist or counter the establishment of new states of social equality and stability, specifically the integral role of men and the wider family in the women's empowerment process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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