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Chamaecrista rotundifolia (C. rotundifolia) is a perennial herb of leguminosae, which increasingly being grown as a forage in China. In our search for original bioactive metabolites from Cassia plants, the phytochemical reinvestigation of the C. rotundifolia was carried out, which led to the isolation of three new (1–3) and six known (4–9) chromones. Their structures were confirmed by spectroscopic methods, including extensive 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Compounds 1–9 were evaluated for their anti-rotavirus activities, and the results revealed that compounds 1–9 exhibited potential anti-rotavirus activities with therapeutic index (TI) valves in the range of 12.0 ∼ 20.2, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This novel study pushed forth current research by evaluating the effects of a clay art therapy (CAT) program on emotion regulation and the level of hair cortisol as a physiological response. Forty-one students aged 15–17 years with at least a mild form of emotional problems were randomized into a CAT group and a waitlist control (CON) group. The CAT group comprised six 2-h weekly sessions led by an experienced art therapist. Wilcoxon t-tests, Mann-Whitney U tests and a full regression model were employed to analyze the results. The study supports the positive effect of CAT on the emotion regulation ability of youth. The elevation of HCC after intervention may not be pathological but a sign of benefit to health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To identify bioactive metabolites from the fruiting body of Morchella sextelata, fourteen metabolites (1–14) including one undescribed morchesexten A (1) were isolated. Their structures including absolute configurations were assigned on the basis of spectroscopic data and quantum chemical computational methods. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated. Compounds 10–12 showed inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO) production with IC50 values of 15.2 ± 2.7, 10.2 ± 1.9 and 35.3 ± 10.5 μM, respectively. Compounds 7 and 9 exhibited strong antioxidant effect with IC50 values of 6.7 ± 0.4 and 7.3 ± 0.8 μM compared with Vit C (IC50 15.4 ± 0.2 μM). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study replicated Wang and Singer's ([2021]. A cross-cultural study of self-defining memories in Chinese and American college students. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. ) finding that Chinese college students from the People's Republic of China (PRC) recalled more self-defining memories (SDMs) focused on high school academic stress than their American counterparts. Seventy-eight American students from a private 4-year liberal arts college and 96 Chinese students from 13 different Chinese universities recalled two SDMs and rated them for affect, recall frequency, and importance. Once again, Chinese college students were more likely than American students to recall academic stress SDMs, but also expressed more redemptive themes in these memories. Overall, Chinese students rated their SDMs as more positive than the Americans, while the American sample tended to recall their negative memories more frequently. Contrasting the SDMs, American students self-reported higher levels of stress about their high school workload and less academic self-confidence. Regressions linked more negative affect in American SDMs to these work load and self-confidence concerns. Chinese students' SDM negative affect was most strongly predicted by perceived academic stress linked to parental and teachers' expectations. The discussion highlights the potential influence of Confucian values in the Chinese students' responses to past academic stress and their internalisation of academic stress memories in their narrative identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is a functional 'cold' tumor microenvironment in which the antitumor activity of CD8+ T cells and natural killer T (NKT)-like cells is suppressed and the function of regulatory T (Treg) cells is enhanced. Using flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining, we detected a distinct subset of NKT-like cells expressing FOXP3 in MPE. Through single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis, we found that the glycolysis pathway and pyruvate metabolism were highly activated in FOXP3+ NKT-like cells. Similar to Treg cells, FOXP3+ NKT-like cells highly expressed monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) and lactate dehydrogenase B to uptake and utilize lactate, thereby maintaining their immunosuppressive function and hyperlactylation in MPE. Furthermore, we found that MCT1 small molecule inhibitor 7ACC2 significantly reduced FOXP3 expression and histone lactylation levels in NKT-like cells in vitro. In conclusion, we reveal for the first time the altered phenotypic and metabolic features of FOXP3+ NKT-like cells in human MPE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cynomorium songaricum Rupr. (CSR), an edible and medicinal material, is widely cultivated in desert regions of Eastern and Western Asia, Europe, and North Africa. Ten glycoside constituents 1–10 including one new songaricumone A (1) were isolated from the fresh C. songaricum. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive NMR data analysis. Further, various antioxidant effects of isolated compounds (1–3 and 5–10) were comprehensively and comparatively investigated. In conclusion, it is obvious that different glycosides vary significantly toward different sources of free radicals, which are attributed to different aglycones and substituted positions of sugar unit in structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A sensor was proposed and experimentally demonstrated to improve temperature and pressure sensitivity by the Vernier effect. The sensor is composed of a cascaded Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) and a Sagnac interferometer (SI), which has almost the same free spectral range (FSR) forming the Vernier effect. The SI is a fiber-loop consisting of a segment of polarization maintaining fiber (PMF). The FPI consists of a section of quartz capillary inserted between two sections of single mode fiber. A micro-channel is drilled in the quartz capillary using a femtosecond laser to circulate air inside and outside the Fabry-Perot (F-P) cavity. SI and FPI in the sensor structure are selectively sensitive to temperature and pressure. In temperature sensing, the SI acts as the sensor and FPI as the reference, whereas in pressure measurements, the FPI is the sensing unit and SI the reference unit. Thus, in Vernier effect sensing, they perform the functions of reference or sensing units to each other. The sensor provides high sensitivity for both temperature and pressure. Experimental results show that the temperature sensitivity is ∼23.14 nm/°C, which is ∼13.4 times higher for the single SI sensor (–1.73 nm/°C), and the pressure sensitivity is ∼49.2 nm/MPa, which is ∼12.2 times higher than for the single FPI sensor (4.02 nm/MPa). The sensor has a simple structure, easy preparation, and high sensitivity of both temperature and gas pressure, and has widespread prospective application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]