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Abducens nerve palsy is the most common ocular motor nerve palsy, and its possible aetiologies are numerous and diverse. Primary malignancy rarely occurs in the middle ear, with most cases associated with long-standing ear discharge and peak age of presentation in the sixties. We report a rare case of a 64-year-old male who presented with right abducens nerve palsy, which led to the diagnosis of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the right middle ear, and to our knowledge, this has not been reported previously in English literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Systematic research has been conducted on the relationship between aging and consumer fraud victimization. But few empirical studies examine the reality of judicial dispute resolution in consumer fraud against older people from the perspective of older adults and judges in China. Based on 161 court rulings, this qualitative study explores the perceptions of older adults in litigation about their experiences of being defrauded in China, alongside judges’ responses. Results reveal that common fraud patterns used by business perpetrators render older individuals more susceptible to fraud. Older plaintiffs strategically frame “old age” in litigation, potentially as a tactical maneuver, while also readily emphasizing the importance of procedural justice. Results further show that judges expressed either negative ageism or age-neutral discourse in response to fraud targeting older individuals. Findings highlight the need to enhance consumer education to prevent fraud and address ageist stereotypes among older people. Findings also highlight the need to encourage Chinese courts to consider individual case specifics, leading to fair judgments and the protection of older individuals from fraud while upholding their rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is unclear whether obese renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients treated with targeted therapy have better survival. We conducted this meta-analysis to assess the prognostic significance of body mass index (BMI) in RCC patients treated with targeted therapy. We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science by November 17, 2021. We calculated effect outcomes using random-effects and fixed-effects models. Fifteen articles were identified. We found that RCC patients treated with targeted therapy with BMI over 25 obtained better overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.58–0.82, I2 = 75.5%, p < 0.001) and progression-free survival (PFS) (HR = 0.71, 95%CI = 0.55–0.92, I2 = 69.7%, p = 0.006) than patients with BMI below 25. Obese (BMI over 30) patients had remarkably better OS (HR = 0.77, 95%CI = 0.70–0.85, I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.439) and PFS (HR = 0.86, 95%CI = 0.77–0.97, I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.934) than patients with BMI below 25. Overweight (BMI over 25 but below 30) patients also had better OS (HR = 0.86, 95%CI = 0.79–0.93, I2 = 17.7%, p = 0.295) and PFS (HR = 0.82, 95%CI = 0.74–0.90, I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.904) than patients with BMI below 25. When using BMI as continuous variable, patients with high BMI also obtained significantly better OS (HR = 0.92, 95%CI = 0.88–0.96, I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.806). Therefore, higher BMI was associated with greater OS and PFS in RCC patients treated with targeted therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let g be the Witt algebra over an infinite field of prime characteristic p. In this paper, we discuss the properties of local derivations on g , and prove that every local derivation on g is a derivation. Moreover, it is shown that there exist some local derivations which are not derivations for the maximal subalgebra g 0 of g . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Laser induced fluorescence and dispersed fluorescence spectroscopy was used to investigate the B 5P-1 - X 5P-1 system of the chromium monosulfide molecule. The rotational constant and K-doubling parameter of B 5P-1 (v' = 7), as a newly observed upper vibrational level, were obtained from the rotationally resolved laser excitation spectrum. For the ground X 5P-1 state, the vibrational frequency and vibrational anharmonicity constant were experimentally determined for the first time from the dispersed fluorescence spectrum. In addition, the lifetimes of the upper B 5P-1 (v' = 0-7) levels were measured by fitting the timedependent fluorescence decay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copy number variation (CNV) has been used as an important source of phenotypic and genetic diversity in recent years. Nicastrin (NCSTN) gene is usually attached to human diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, and Acne inversa. However, there are no essays about the NCSTN gene combining with cattle breeds. In our study, we discovered different distributions of NCSTN gene copy number and associated it with phenotypic traits in four Chinese yellow cattle breeds (XN, PN, QC and YL). The result turned out that the CNV of the NCSTN gene was associated with several growth traits, such as cannon circumference, chest girth and rump length (p < 0.05). In general, we revealed the eminence over CNV of NCSTN gene and economic traits, suggesting that the CNV of the NCSTN gene can be considered to be a promising molecular breeding marker of Chinese beef cattle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Atmospheric aerosol particles are frequently mixtures of inorganic and organic species, both of which can contribute to aerosol water uptake and determine the particles' ability to scatter and absorb light. While water uptake of purely inorganic aerosol is well represented in current regional and global chemical transport models, it is challenging to represent it for particles that are mixtures of organic and inorganic species. Here we quantified the growth factor for aerosols that consist of mixed organic-inorganic particles using an accurate lattice-based adsorption isotherm model (Ad-iso) as a benchmark. We then determined the error in the growth factor and resulting optical properties for simplifying assumptions that are commonly made in current chemical transport models. The systems studied here are representative of ambient atmospheric aerosols, consisting of model water-soluble inorganic-organic mixtures, with and without a core of absorbing black carbon, under conditions of relative humidity larger than 85%. The assumption of completely neglecting the water uptake by organic components, for particles with an organic mass fraction of 50%, led to errors of up to 7% in growth factor and up to 3.5% in single scattering albedo. Larger errors occurred for larger organic mass fractions. Approximating the organic water uptake with a constant hygroscopicity parameter, for organic mass fractions between 45 and 65%, the errors remained within 3% for the growth factor and 0.6% for the single scattering albedo. For organic mass fractions smaller than 45% or larger than 65%, the errors increased up to 6% for the single scattering albedo. The magnitudes of these errors underscore the importance of considering organic/inorganic mixtures for estimating direct aerosol radiative forcing. Copyright © 2021 American Association for Aerosol Research [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Improper processing of sensitive personal data concerning disabled people in government information disclosure not only violates their privacy rights but also leads to discrimination, stigmatization, and other serious secondary harm, that have long been overlooked. China's procurator-led public-interest litigation system is a powerful tool for protecting the privacy rights of vulnerable groups. This paper contends that procurator-led public-interest litigation, as a supplement to and support for private-interest litigation, assists the Chinese government in fulfilling its international obligations to protect the right to privacy of disabled people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Marrakesh Treaty entered into force in China on May 5, 2022. To fulfill its obligations and guarantee basic education access for visually impaired people, China revised its copyright law and introduced supporting measures for Treaty implementation. This article discusses various issues in designing a legal system for achieving 'intangible accessible environments' for visually impaired people in China and the priorities and possible shortcomings in transforming the Marrakesh Treaty into domestic law. Legislation must carefully avoid using specialized over-protection designs that could exacerbate the marginalization and social isolation of visually impaired people. Furthermore, it is crucial to refine the supporting system for Treaty implementation and strengthen sectoral synergies and international cooperation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper considers the problem of the boundary fixed-time stabilisation for delay reaction–diffusion systems (DRDSs). A new boundary controller is designed to achieve fixed time stability of DRDSs. Firstly, a boundary fixed-time controller is presented for DRDSs. Then based on the designed boundary controller, using Lyapunov functional method, fixed-time stability lemma and Poincaré's inequality, we obtain the criteria to guarantee the fixed-time stability of DRDSs. In addition, boundary fixed-time controller is proposed for uncertain DRDSs to reach robust fixed-time stability. Both the cases, the systems with or without uncertainties, are severally followed by a fixed time, which is an upper-bound of the settling time and irrelevant to the initial conditions. Finally, two simulation examples are given to illustrate the fixed-time stability of the controlled systems, which show the validity of our theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-fat diet (HFD) can cause obesity, inducing dysregulation of the visceral adipose tissue (VAT). This study aimed to explore potential biological pathways and hub genes involved in obese VAT, and for that, bioinformatic analysis of multiple datasets was performed. The expression profiles (GSE30247, GSE167311 and GSE79434) were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus. Overlapping differentially expressed genes (ODEGs) between normal diet and HFD groups in GSE30247 and GSE167311 were selected to run protein–protein interaction network, GO and KEGG analysis. The hub genes in ODEGs were screened by Cytoscape software and further verified in GSE79434 and obese mouse model. A total of 747 ODEGs (599 up-regulated and 148 down-regulated) were screened, and the GO and KEGG analysis showed that the up-regulated ODEGs were significantly enriched in inflammatory response and extracellular matrix receptor interaction pathways. On the other hand, the down-regulated ODEGs were involved in metabolic pathways; however, there were no significant KEGG pathways. Furthermore, six hub genes, Mki67, Rac2, Itgb2, Emr1, Tyrobp and Csf1r were acquired. These pathways and genes were verified in GSE79434 and VAT of obese mice. This study revealed that HFD induced VAT expansion, inflammation and fibrosis, and the hub genes could be used as therapeutic biomarkers in obesity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, more and more technical tools have been introduced into various museums, bringing new opportunities and challenges for the research of museum learning. Whether the application of these technologies can effectively improve the effects of museum learning has become a major problem perplexing museum learning researchers. In this paper, a meta-analysis method is used to analyze and evaluate the 42 experimental or quasi-experimental studies on the technology application in the field of museum learning in the past decade. The results show that the technology application has a moderate or higher effect on museum learning, moreover, the age of learners, the type of technology, the type of museum and the visiting pattern of museum will significantly affect the effectiveness of technology on the museum learning. Therefore, the museum institutions can learn from excellent cases to accelerate the application of museum technology, give priority to the construction of digital resources, continue to promote the specialisation of museum technology application, and better play the role of technology in museum education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]