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Keywords: decolonisation; indigenous and local knowledge; people's science; scientific knowledge; Western knowledge; hegemony; epistemology; culture; language; methodology; ethics; publishing; orientalism1 EN decolonisation indigenous and local knowledge people's science scientific knowledge Western knowledge hegemony epistemology culture language methodology ethics publishing orientalism1 1121 1126 6 09/14/22 20221001 NES 221001 Introduction Who defines the research objectives of studies on disasters? Decolonisation of knowledge is central to the entire decolonisation project as much as the colonisation of knowledge was the main instrument of colonisation. Knowledge production is no longer confined to hegemonic Western science: decolonisation has advanced to recognise and legitimise all other epistemologies, methodologies, or approaches, including those previously marginalised local, traditional, or indigenous forms of knowledge or knowledge systems. [Extracted from the article]

The present study examined the influence of lay elitism on preference and choice inconsistency in consumer choices across cultures. Four studies were conducted to understand this phenomenon. In Study 1, we showed that Mainland Chinese high in the belief in lay elitism displays more preference and choice inconsistency across product categories. In Study 2, we found the reverse effect for Caucasian Americans. In Study 3, Mainland Chinese belief in lay elitism is associated with their preference and choice inconsistency over geometric patterns and, at the same time, increased the consistency between their choice and the anticipated elites' choice of these geometric patterns. Lastly, Study 4 showed that in a cross‐cultural study, Mainland Chinese participants' endorsement of lay elitism is associated with a higher level of preference and choice inconsistency, but the reverse pattern is observed for Caucasian Americans. Furthermore, cultural values (i.e., individualism and collectivism) fail to explain the differences in preference and choice consistency across cultures. The paper offers a new perspective in using lay elitism across cultures to understand preference and choice inconsistency in consumer behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article challenges the observation that historians and the discipline of History have not been helpful in addressing some of the important challenges in the Study of Religion by concentrating on "the local" and on deconstruction rather than on construction and "the global." By undertaking a cross‐cultural case study — Medieval and Early Modern prophecies in the Muslim world and Europe — and focusing on the role and significance of the Granadan Sacromonte Lead Books (1588–1606) and the work of the radical Antitrinitarian Jacobus Paleologus (1520–1585), this paper argues that global and connected microhistorical approaches have been of great value to developing the promising trend of a relational approach in the Study of Religion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kemmerer's paper convincingly claims that the grounded cognition model (GCM) entails linguistic relativity. Here, we underline that tackling linguistic relativity and cultural differences is vital for GCM. First, it allows GCM to focus more on flexible rather than stable aspects of cognition. Second, it highlights the centrality of linguistic experience for human cognition. While GCM‐inspired research underscored the similarity between linguistic and nonlinguistic concepts, it is now paramount to understand when and how language(s) influence knowledge. To this aim, we argue that linguistic variation might be particularly relevant for more abstract concepts—which are more debatable and open to revisions. Kemmerer argues that the grounded cognition model entails linguistic relativity. We agree with his position and suggest that this claim is particularly relevant for studying abstract concepts as they rely on language and culture more than concrete concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is a viewpoint paper that compares the psychological and behavioral characteristics of electric vehicle (EV) owners in the United States and China. EV is viewed as the dominant next wave of automotive technology and this research is a cross‐cultural study of the two most important automotive markets in the world. In particular, this study surveyed actual EV users in the United States and China, and compared their psychological and behavioral characteristics. The study also shows that motivation for EV usage, reasons for purchase, and satisfaction are different across the two countries. US owners showed a higher propensity to innovate and greater knowledge of EVs than Chinese owners. Even though there was no difference between the two groups in terms of environmental concern, Chinese owners cited reputation and signaling social responsibility as being important considerations in their purchase of an EV, while US owners cited technological innovativeness, driving pleasure, and lower maintenance cost. Satisfaction with EV ownership was affected by economic benefit and environmental concern in China and innovation in the United States. This study shows how culture and stage of motorization are reflected in consumer behavior and satisfaction regarding EVs. EV manufacturers need to be aware of these differences when targeting the two markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on exploring the factors influencing why companies engage in greenhushing decisions in the cultural backgrounds of China and Republic of Korea. Structural equation modeling analysis indicates that in these two countries, reputational risk not only directly leads to corporate greenhushing behavior, but also exerts its influence through conservatism as a mediating factor. Reputational risk causes companies to exhibit conservatism, which in turn leads to the adoption of greenhushing behavior. Furthermore, tests for moderation effects revealed that, in the Chinese sample data, a transparent information disclosure mechanism has the ability to mitigate the impact of reputational risk on corporate greenhushing behavior, as well as to alleviate the influence of conservatism on corporate greenhushing behavior. In the South Korean sample data, a transparent information disclosure mechanism can moderate the impact of reputational risk on conservatism and corporate greenhushing behavior. Finally, the fsQCA method is tested to derive the different configurations and pathways that lead to the strong emergence of greenhushing behavior in companies in China and Republic of Korea, as well as to identify the most influential pathways. This study provides substantial theoretical support for further exploration of the causal mechanisms of corporate greenhushing behavior and promotion of cross‐cultural comparisons and learning in the international environmental management field. In addition, provides rich empirical support and theoretical guidance for corporate environmental management decision‐making and policy formulation. The findings highlight the further standardization and strengthening of transparent information disclosure mechanisms will be an important direction for future environmental policy development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As this special issue demonstrates, evidence on culture and health is emerging in a variety of new frameworks, including international comparisons, national analyses, individual health, and population health. In the opening invited article, Miyamoto and Ryff (2022), two leading researchers in the field of culture and health, showed the theoretical and empirical relationships between culture and health. With a growing body of evidence for cultural influences on health, the pandemic will hasten progress toward health research taking insights from a cultural psychological approach. The ongoing coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, which presents a worldwide threat to humans, has focused people's attention on health and prompted the adoption of new behaviors to decrease infection risks. [Extracted from the article]

Despite several theoretical, structural, and statistical issues reported against Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), most studies in the educational sector of Pakistan use it without analyzing its factor structure. Since culture might change the structure, this first systematic study filled the gap and explored the factor structure of the least researched FFMQ (15 items) among nonmeditator university students in collectivist society Pakistan while employing optimal statistical techniques. We interpreted our results culturally and also conducted a cross‐cultural examination with the Spanish sample. We employed polychoric data to conduct exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The EFA extracted a four‐factor (10 items) solution without the Describe facet and showed good inter‐item correlation. The CFA exhibited a theory‐based two‐factor hierarchical model (self‐regulation, orient to experience) with good fit indices, acceptable factor loadings, correct directions, and strong reliabilities (coefficient H > 0.8). The multivariate analysis showed no difference in mindfulness between males and females, except for Nonreact. The first multigroup CFA (MGCFA) showed metric invariance while examining the polarity of items across gender. In cross‐cultural multivariate analysis, we found no difference in mindfulness between Pakistan and Spanish samples, except for Nonjudge, but the second MGCFA showed metric invariance in the correlated model only. Our data suggest that the two‐factor hierarchical structure, without Describe facet, provides a more parsimonious and culturally accepted structure among nonmeditators in Pakistan. However, due to the independent nature of the two factors, the total score cannot be computed. The FFMQ (15 items) appears individualistic, and including culturally acceptable items will improve its universality. Practitioner points: The Describe facet of FFMQ (15 items) does not appear valid in a collectivist society. Caution may be exercised in any evaluation.The two‐factor hierarchical model is better suited than a single mindfulness factor in a collectivist society.The computation of separate scores for the two higher‐order factors is preferred over the total score. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extent to which culture moderates the effects of need for approval from others on a person's handling of interpersonal conflict was investigated. Students from 24 nations rated how they handled a recent interpersonal conflict, using measures derived from face‐negotiation theory. Samples varied in the extent to which they were perceived as characterised by the cultural logics of dignity, honour, or face. It was hypothesised that the emphasis on harmony within face cultures would reduce the relevance of need for approval from others to face‐negotiation concerns. Respondents rated their need for approval from others and how much they sought to preserve their own face and the face of the other party during the conflict. Need for approval was associated with concerns for both self‐face and other‐face. However, as predicted, the association between need for approval from others and concern for self‐face was weaker where face logic was prevalent. Favourable conflict outcome was positively related to other‐face and negatively related to self‐face and to need for approval from others, but there were no significant interactions related to prevailing cultural logics. The results illustrate how particular face‐threatening factors can moderate the distinctive face‐concerns earlier found to characterise individualistic and collectivistic cultural groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) and circular economy (CE) have assumed considerable importance in the efforts for sustainable development. However, some consumers do not positively respond to CSR and CE activities, and few studies have analyzed the consumers' perspective about the topics. This study investigates consumer knowledge and perception about CSR and CE and their willingness to pay (WTP) for products from companies that follow these concepts, examining differences according to demographic characteristics. We carried out a survey with 302 Brazilian and Italian consumers of cosmetic products. Our results show that most consumers have a low understanding of CSR and CE and a low perception of the socio‐environmental initiatives of companies that follow CSR and CE concepts. Nevertheless, most consumers show WTP for products from companies that follow these concepts. We identified demographic variables that allowed us to relate the profile of consumers with their knowledge about CSR and CE and their WTP. We provide insights for companies and policymakers in advancing toward CSR and CE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Streptococcus agalactiae, also known as group B streptococci (GBS), is associated with invasive infections in neonates. Identification of GBS vaginal colonization in pregnant women before delivery is essential for treatment with antibiotics to prevent intrapartum vertical transmission to the newborn. This study was designed to evaluate applicability of two rapid real‐time PCRs in comparison to standard culture identification. Material and methods: We compared the Xpert GBS assay, hereafter referred to as Xpert, and GenomEra GBS PCR, hereafter referred to as GenomEra. The standard culture identification consisted of two different agar plates as well as an enrichment broth. Results: We analyzed vaginal samples of 260 pregnant women; 42 samples were tested GBS‐positive by using standard culture as a gold standard, 30 by Xpert, and 37 by GenomEra. Xpert and GenomEra assays performed with sensitivities of 71.4% and 88.1% as well as specificities of 98.6% and 99.1%, respectively. Twelve vaginal samples were false‐negative by Xpert and five samples by GenomEra. Interestingly, three negative Xpert results of standard culture‐positive samples exhibited high Ct‐values indicating the presence of GBS. If higher Ct‐values are taken into consideration, the sensitivity of Xpert increases up to 78.6%. Moreover, only three Xpert PCRs had to be repeated, whereas two Genomera were invalid even after repetition and further 15 GenomEra PCRs were repeated because of borderline results or inhibition of the PCR test. Conclusions: In this study, GenomEra assay performed with a higher sensitivity than the Xpert PCR. On the other hand, the Xpert assay needs less hands‐on‐time for a sample preparation and requires approximately four‐fold less repetitions as compared to the GenomEra assay. This robust performance of the Xpert assay make it applicable as a rapid intrapartum point‐of‐care test, although a higher sensitivity would be desirable. Therefore, culture in the 35–37 week of gestation remains the gold standard to detect vaginal colonization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: We examined changes in value interrelations during middle childhood. In line with the Personal Values Theory, we expected a value system, with individuals similarly valuing related motivations, and setting priorities between conflicting motivations. We hypothesized this system to develop dynamically during middle childhood as children deepen their understanding of their own values. Method: Using unfolding analysis, we estimated intraindividual value structure coherence, that is, the extent to which the interrelations among a child's values are similar to the hypothesized interrelations. Cross‐Cultural Study 1 (N = 4615, 6–12‐year‐old children) included children from 12 countries. Cross‐Sequential Study 2 (N = 629, 6–10‐year‐old children at Time 1) included three annual measurements. Results: In Study 1, we found a curvilinear association between age and intraindividual value structure coherence: Children's values were more coherent at ages 9–10 than before or after. Study 2 confirmed this pattern of within‐individual development. Conclusions: We propose that development in coherence with the theoretical value structure offers insight into children's understanding of values as well as changes in value priorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mobile devices are ubiquitous in the lives of modern consumers, who use them for information‐seeking and purchasing activities, fostering the emergence of m‐commerce. This trend has been exacerbated by the COVID‐19 pandemic, which has boosted m‐commerce growth in both developed and developing countries. Hence, there is a need for cross‐cultural research concerning the factors affecting behavioural intentions. Drawing upon the hedonic information systems model, we measure the impact of utilitarian factors on satisfaction, repurchase intention, and eWOM through the mediation of enjoyment across two countries characterized by different stages of m‐commerce readiness and culture: China and Italy. Findings suggest that the impact of utilitarian factors on satisfaction is stronger among Italian users than Chinese users. On the contrary, for Chinese users, who use their mobile phones as a primary device to shop online, the mediation effect of enjoyment on satisfaction and eWOM is stronger. With this study, we contribute to cross‐cultural research in m‐commerce and provide guidelines to mobile retailers operating in diverse international markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A wide range of sunscreen products are available globally. Designed to meet various customer needs, they differ in formulations type, textures, ingredients, ultraviolet (UV) protection capabilities, and other properties. Knowing the factors influencing the purchase of sunscreens and the UV filters commonly used in each global region would be beneficial for dermatologists, consumers, and regulators. Methods: Data on 50 best‐selling sunscreens from each of 20 countries on 5 continents (1000 products in all) were retrieved from Amazon Marketplace during the period from January to July 2021. Results: Among the 5 continents, Asia had the highest proportion of consumers (71.1%) choosing high sun protection factor (SPF) sunscreens (SPF ≥50). In contrast, Europe had the highest percentage (11.8%) purchasing <30 SPF sunscreens. The lack of standard UVA protection labeling was significantly highest in South America. The use of inorganic‐based sunscreen was highest in North America, and across all continents, those products were significantly more expensive than organic‐based sunscreens. Globally, lotions were the most favored formulation type. "Nongreasy/dry touch" (45.1%) and "lightweight texture" (40.4%) were the most common promotional terms used. The most common UV filters differed among regions. Iron oxide, which can function as a visible light filter, was most frequently found in sunscreens in South America (20%) and North America (19.3%). Conclusions: The regional factors influencing the purchase of sunscreen products differed. A considerable number of sunscreens may not provide adequate sun protection for consumers. Dermatologists should recommend sunscreens with sufficient UV protection that suit the skin of individual consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consumer Perceived Value (CPV) is the complete evaluation of the product's usefulness by a consumer according to his perceptions of total obtained benefits compared with the cost that he had to pay for that. Customers purchase similar luxury goods globally, but for different motives and the value held by each customer for these products also changes across different nationalities. The variation in CPV arises mainly because of dissimilarities in culture of different countries. This study uses a framework of Hofstede's cultural dimensions to examine variations in CPV of luxury goods between two rising luxury markets of Saudi Arabia and India. The basic components of CPV of luxury goods were used as the basis for developing the questionnaire. The questionnaires were given through e‐mail to respondents in Saudi Arabia (Arabic version) and India (English version). The data results indicate significant variances in CPV of luxury goods between the two countries. Saudi Arabian consumers turn out to be the greatest patrons of luxury goods whereas Indians display a culture of restraint and controlled gratification of desires. Unlike Saudi consumers, the Indian consumers do not display any significant "bandwagon" or "snob effect". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cultural differences have been reported between the taste sensitivity of persons of Asian and European ancestry, although findings have been mixed. This study sought to determine whether American and Chinese adults perform differently on a novel taste test that requires no water, can be self‐administered, and employs a representative of umami as one of its tastants. This 53‐trial test was administered to 113 Chinese and 214 Americans. The subjects orally sampled monomer cellulose pads containing one of four dried concentrations of sucrose, citric acid, NaCl, caffeine, and monosodium glutamate and indicated whether a sweet, sour, bitter, salty, brothy, or no taste sensation was perceived. Separate gender by culture analyses of covariance with age as the covariate were performed on the total score and the scores of each taste stimulus. For all taste qualities, women outperformed men and test scores declined with age. No difference between American and Chinese subjects was found for the total taste score (p =.129) or for the sucrose (p =.129) or NaCl (p =.368) scores. However, for monosodium glutamate, the scores were 28.40% higher for the Chinese than for the American subjects (p =.024), and for citric acid and caffeine, the scores were 24.12 and 21.79% higher for the American subjects (p's =.001 and.029). The basis for these differences is unclear, although both anatomical (e.g., differences in density or distribution of taste buds) and cultural factors may be involved. Future work is needed to determine the cause of these largely novel findings and whether they generalize to other Chinese and American samples. Practical applicationsIn this study, a practical self‐administered quantitative taste test that requires no water was found to be sensitive to quality‐specific differences in test scores between Chinese and American subjects, as well as to age and gender. The Chinese subjects outperformed the American subjects in correctly identifying the quality of monosodium glutamate (umami), whereas the American subjects outperformed Chinese subjects in correctly identifying the bitter and sour qualities of caffeine and citric acid, respectively. Experiential factors related to culture‐specific cuisines may explain some of these differences. This research indicates that a relatively rapid taste test, which can be sent through the mail and which requires no test administrator or source of water, can be used in cross‐cultural studies to elucidate individual differences in taste perception. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Two studies were conducted to analyze how individuals feel and express their happiness in shared versus non‐shared events. We hypothesized that the Japanese (interdependence‐fostering culture), unlike Americans (independence‐fostering culture), would show higher levels of happiness in shared situations than in non‐shared situations. Study 1: participants were asked to describe two types of happy events (shared and non‐shared) they had experienced, and then indicate how strongly they had felt and expressed happiness. Results suggest that the Japanese felt and expressed higher degrees of happiness in shared situations than non‐shared situations, while Americans did not report this difference. Study 2: participants read the descriptions generated in Study 1 and answered how they would feel and express happiness. Japanese respondents scored higher in feeling and expressing happiness in shared situations than in non‐shared situations. Americans showed the same pattern, but with a smaller difference. While the Japanese tend to experience more happiness in shared situations than in non‐shared situations, Americans experience happiness similarly in both situations. These results may be related to the function of emotions in each culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to examine three types of trust in services provided in the sharing economy toward the goal of increasing consumers' intention to use a ride‐sharing service. The three trust factors for sharing services are trust in drivers, trust in users, and trust in platforms. It is hypothesized that related to consumers' consumption lifestyles would influence their trust in a sharing service; in particular, previous researchers found that anti‐consumption influenced consumers to participate in the sharing economy. Based on previous findings, the attempt with this study is to determine whether an anti‐consumption would affect formation of the three types of trust with regards to the ride‐sharing service. Specifically, the differing effects of anti‐consumption on trust formation in a ride‐sharing service are compared between the United States and India. Data are collected from 253 online surveys from the United States and 266 from India, and data analysis reveals that the anti‐consumption affects the formation of all three types of trust in the ride‐sharing service. In the United States in particular, non‐voluntary anti‐consumption has a greater effect on trust formation than it did in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purposes of this review are to describe the existing research on frailty measurement of older people and to understand their characteristics, with a focus on conceptual definitions, psychometric properties, and diagnostic accuracies. We reviewed the published literature to explore if cross‐cultural studies of different types of frailty measurements have been conducted and to determine their applicability in the community setting. Narrative review with limited electronic database search and cross reference searching of included studies was performed. Studies published after year 2001 were searched for using MEDLINE and CINAHL Plus databases with keywords. A total of 5144 search results were obtained, but only 42 frailty measurements were identified in 68 studies. For the type, three different measurements were indicated, namely, self‐report instrument (n = 17), clinical observation assessment (n = 19), and mixed frailty assessment instrument (n = 6). Only 12 (29%) measurements examined reliability and validity. Nevertheless, over 35% did not perform any psychometric testing before applying. For diagnosis accuracies, 35 (83%) frailty measurements reported the cut‐off value(s) for determining level of the frailty. However, the sensitivity (56%‐89.5%) and specificity (52%‐91.3%) varied. The applicability was also diverse and some frailty instruments should be only used in some specific population and mode of administration. This review provides an overview of three major types of frailty measurements used in different settings with different purposes. For estimating the prevalence of frailty of older people in a community, the self‐report type may be appropriate. The psychometric properties of many reviewed instruments are reported insufficiently. The cut‐off value(s) are usually suggested with diverse sensitivity and specificity. Self‐report instruments, such as Groningen Frailty Indicator (GFI) and Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI), are the most extensively examined in terms of satisfactory psychometric properties. Thus, GFI and TFI, with the current evidence, are recommended to be used in the community setting for frailty screening tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Construct Irrelevant Variance and Underrepresentation Reconsidered Historically, the field of measurement has considered the inclusion of linguistic, communicative, and cultural characteristics in test items as construct irrelevant variants; the I Standards i state explicitly that "test developers should use language in tests that is consistent with the purposes of the test and that is familiar to as wide a range of test takers as possible" (p. 64). How does the embodiment of justice-oriented construct definition/representation practices align with the actual construct definition practices that result in justice for stakeholders? Keywords: antiracist assessment; assessment design; construct definition; construct representation; culturally sustaining assessment EN antiracist assessment assessment design construct definition construct representation culturally sustaining assessment 82 90 9 12/28/21 20211201 NES 211201 I We cannot solve our problems with the same thinking we used when we created them i . "Color-Neutral" Is Not a Thing: Redefining Construct Definition and Representation through a Justice-Oriented Critical Antiracist Lens. [Extracted from the article]

Digital social innovation (DSI) involves the use of digital technologies in the development and implementation of innovative products, services, processes and business models that seek to improve the well-being and agency of socially disadvantaged groups or address social problems related to marginality, inequality and social exclusion (Qureshi, Pan, & Zheng, 2017; Shalini et al., 2021). Information Systems Frontiers, 22 (11), 1 - 21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-020-09991-6 153 Parthiban, R., Qureshi, I., Bandyopadhyay, S., & Jaikumar, S. (2021). Social inclusion/exclusion (Diaz Andrade & Doolin, 2016; Iivari et al., 2018; Riaz & Qureshi, 2017); social inequality (Qureshi et al., 2018; Zheng & Walsham, 2008, 2021)Embedded agency of DSIrsHow are DSIrs able to engage with local institutions yet bring change in these very same institutions? 151 Pandey, M., Bhati, M., Shukla, D. M., & Qureshi, I. (2021). 152 Parthiban, R., Qureshi, I., Bandyopadhyay, S., Bhatt, B., & Jaikumar, S. (2020). [Extracted from the article]

There is growing recognition that relationship factors besides relationship status play an important role in young adults' mental and physical health. This study explored the concurrent (between‐individual) and longitudinal (within‐individual) associations between relationship status, relationship satisfaction, satisfaction with relationship status, and varied dimensions of health in samples of Polish and U.S. young adults. Data from young adults (aged 18–34 at Wave 1) were collected in a three‐wave investigation in Poland and in the USA with one‐year intervals between each of the measurements. The cross‐sectional analyses demonstrated that individuals in relationships reported better health, particularly if they were in a higher‐quality relationship. The fixed‐effects models showed that relationship quality was a much more consistent and powerful predictor of health than was relationship status; however, for depression, satisfaction with relationship status was an independent contributor to health. Cross‐cultural analyses revealed a stronger link between partner status and depression and emotional well‐being, and relationship satisfaction and psychological well‐being among Polish young adults than their American counterparts. The results demonstrated that characteristics of relationships and satisfaction with relationship status matter more for changes in health than relationship status alone and that these links may differ by cultural context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present research contributed to the growing body of research regarding the use of emoji in sensory and consumer research by filling an acknowledged knowledge gap. Its specific aim was to explore the meaning of emoji in a food‐related context. The empirical approach involved 357 consumers who were tasked with writing a social media post or text message relating to a situation involving eating/drinking which was to be centered around a specific emoji. A total of 21 facial emoji were included in the research. As expected, emoji were used to convey different meanings, including degree of liking/disliking, emotional associations, gestures and expressions. The emoji were also used as part of messages describing negative and positive disconfirmation of expectations, which points to the importance of measuring expectations in a food‐related context. Two emoji were identified as unsuitable for future research due to their nonconsensual meaning (and). Practical Applications: Emoji have significant potential as a research tool, stretching beyond cross‐cultural research or studies involving children, to general applications in food‐related consumer research. This is further enhanced by their versatility which includes use in emotion questionnaires, open‐ended questions and web‐scraped content. The present research provides recommendations for the design of emoji questionnaires, as well as insights on emoji meanings in a food‐related context. Results also highlight the relevance of negative and positive disconfirmation of expectations in shaping emotional associations with eating/drinking experiences, and, as such, serve as a reminder to include these important determinants of consumer behavior in future emotion‐focused research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]