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A novel acylhydrazide‐based gelator (BE) was successfully built without the use of traditional fluorescent groups. Surprisingly, in 1,2‐propanediol, the BE can further self‐assemble into a stable supramolecular gel (OBE) and display significant blue‐white aggregation‐induced enhanced emission (AIEE). Interestingly, based on the excellent coordination capacity of acyl hydrazone bonds, the OBE demonstrated a sensitive response to Pd2+ and Fe3+, with corresponding lowest limits of detection of 21.8 and 37.3 ppb, respectively. More interesting, H2PO4− could only be constantly recognized by the Pd‐OBE (Pd2+ coordinated with OBE). Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), density functional theory (DFT) and rheological measurements, the self‐assembly process of OBE, and the ion recognition sensing mechanism were extensively examined. Moreover, xerogel OBE as supporter, a novel heterogeneous catalyst Pd/OBE is prepared. The catalyst displays outstanding activity and stability for Suzuki coupling reactions in water. It can be easily reused for at least five runs with no decrease in the catalytic activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cap‐and‐trade regulation is increasingly adopted by countries and governments to curb carbon emissions. This regulation can be implemented based on two rules, that is, the traditional cap allocation rule and the linear cap allocation rule. Considering the impact of online channel structure on the manufacturer's production and low‐carbon investment strategy, this paper aims to explore the economic and environmental performances of the two rules. The results show that the linear rule encourages the government to allocate less cap to each unit product as the emission abatement level increases, preventing the manufacturer from gaining a windfall profit from the free carbon credits. Besides, the government could use the traditional cap allocation rule to better control the total carbon emissions but use the linear cap allocation rule to obtain more social welfare as well as economic benefit. No matter which cap allocation rule is implemented, the manufacturer always performs better in reseller mode, and the e‐tailer might perform better in reseller (marketplace) mode given a high (low) low‐carbon investment efficiency. This study enriches the literature on the interplay between the cap allocation rule and selling mode and provides insights into decision‐making for governments and firms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction/Aims: GNE myopathy is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the GNE gene, which is essential for the sialic acid biosynthesis pathway. Although over 300 GNE variants have been reported, some patients remain undiagnosed with monoallelic pathogenic variants. This study aims to analyze the entire GNE genomic region to identify novel pathogenic variants. Methods: Patients with clinically compatible GNE myopathy and monoallelic pathogenic variants in the GNE gene were enrolled. The other GNE pathogenic variant was verified using comprehensive methods including exon 2 quantitative polymerase chain reaction and nanopore long‐read single‐molecule sequencing (LRS). Results: A deep intronic GNE variant, c.862+870C>T, was identified in nine patients from eight unrelated families. This variant generates a cryptic splice site, resulting in the activation of a novel pseudoexon between exons 5 and 6. It results in the insertion of an extra 146 nucleotides into the messengerRNA (mRNA), which is predicted to result in a truncated humanGNE1(hGNE1) protein. Peanut agglutinin（PNA） lectin staining of muscle tissues showed reduced sialylation of mucin O‐glycans on sarcolemmal glycoproteins. Notably, a third of patients with the c.862+870C>T variant exhibited thrombocytopenia. A common core haplotype harboring the deep intronic GNE variant was found in all these patients. Discussion: The transcript with pseudoexon activation potentially affects sialic acid biosynthesis via nonsense‐mediated mRNA decay, or resulting in a truncated hGNE1 protein, which interferes with normal enzyme function. LRS is expected to be more frequently incorporated in genetic analysis given its efficacy in detecting hard‐to‐find pathogenic variants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Serum amyloid A (SAA) is a clinically useful inflammatory marker involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. This study aimed to explore the SAA levels in a cohort of patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) in relation to disease‐related clinical parameters and myasthenic crisis (MC) and elucidate the effects of SAA on immune response. A total of 82 MG patients including 50 new‐onset MG patients and 32 MC patients were enrolled in this study. Baseline data and laboratory parameters of all enrolled MG patients were routinely recorded through electronic medical systems. SAA levels were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. CD4+ T and CD19+ B cell subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry. In vitro, human recombinant SAA (Apo‐SAA) was applied to stimulate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from MG patients to observe the effect on T and B cell differentiation. Our results indicated that SAA levels in new‐onset MG patients were higher than those in controls and were positively correlated with QMG score, MGFA classification, plasmablast cells, IL‐6, and IL‐17 levels. Subgroup analysis revealed that SAA levels were increased in generalized MG (GMG) patients than in ocular MG (OMG), as well as elevated in late‐onset MG (LOMG) than in early‐onset MG (EOMG) and higher in MGFA III/IV compared with MGFA I/II. The ROC curve demonstrated that SAA showed good diagnostic value for MC, especially when combined with NLR. In vitro, Apo‐SAA promoted the Th1 cells, Th17 cells, plasmablast cells, and plasma cells differentiation in MG PBMCs. The present findings suggested that SAA was increased in MG patients and promoted expansion of CD4+ T cell and CD19+ B cell subsets, which implicated in the severity of MG patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: MiRNAs have been reported to be the key regulators involving a wide range of biological processes in diverse plant species, but their functions in switchgrass, an important biofuel and forage crop, are largely unknown. Here, we reported the novel function of miR528, which has expanded to four copies in switchgrass, in controlling biomass trait of tillering number and regrowth rate after mowing. Blocking miR528 activity by expressing short tandem target mimic (STTM) increased tiller number and regrowth rate after mowing. The quadruple pvmir528 mutant lines derived from genome editing also showed such improved traits. Degradome and RNA‐seq analysis, combined with in situ hybridization assay revealed that up‐regulation of two miR528 targets coding for Cu/Zn‐SOD enzymes, might be responsible for the improved traits of tillering and regrowth in pvmir528 mutant. Additionally, natural variations in the miR528‐SOD interaction exist in C3 and C4 monocot species, implying the distinct regulatory strength of the miR528‐SOD module during monocot evolution. Overall, our data illuminated a novel role of miR528 in controlling biomass traits and provided a new target for genetic manipulation‐mediated crop improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although epidemiological studies have evaluated the association between ambient air pollution and chronic kidney disease (CKD), the results remain mixed. To clarify the nature of the association, we conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta‐analysis to assess the global relationship between air pollution and CKD. The Web of Science, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases systematically were searched for studies published up to July 2023 and included 32 studies that met specific criteria. The random effects model was used to derive overall risk estimates for each pollutant. The meta‐analysis estimated odds ratio (ORs) of risk for CKD were 1.42 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.31–1.54) for each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5; 1.20 (95% CI: 1.14–1.26) for each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM10; 1.07 (95% CI: 1.05–1.09) for each 10 μg/m3 increase in NO2; 1.03 (95% CI: 1.02–1.03) for each 10 μg/m3 increase in NOX; 1.07 (95% CI: 1.01–1.12) for each 1 ppb increase in SO2; 1.03 (95% CI: 1.00–1.05) for each 0.1 ppm increase in CO. Subgroup analysis showed that this effect varied by gender ratio, age, study design, exposure assessment method, and income level. Furthermore, PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 had negative effects on CKD even within the World Health Organization‐recommended acceptable concentrations. Our results further confirmed the adverse effect of air pollution on the risk of CKD. These findings can contribute to enhance the awareness of the importance of reducing air pollution among public health officials and policymakers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on the application of nurse‐led multidisciplinary collaborative therapy (MDT) management model for calciphylaxis prevention of patients with terminal renal disease. Through the establishment of a multidisciplinary management team spanning nephrology department, blood purification center, dermatology department, burn and plastic surgery department, infection department, stem cell platform, nutrition department, pain department, cardiology department, hydrotherapy group, dermatology group, and outpatient treatment room, the distribution of duties among team members were clarified to bring out the best advantages of a multidisciplinary teamwork during treatment and nursing. For patients with calciphylaxis symptoms in terminal renal disease, a case‐by‐case management model was carried out with the focus on personalised problem. We emphasised on personalised wound care, precise medication care, active pain management, psychological intervention and palliative care, the amelioration of calcium and phosphorus metabolism disorder, nutritional supplementation, and the therapeutic intervention based on human amniotic mesenchymal stem cell regeneration. The MDT model effectively compensates for traditional nursing mode and could serve as a novel clinical management modality for calciphylaxis prevention in patients with terminal renal disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rich nontrivial topological phases rooted in the interplay between magnetism and topology in the layered antiferromagnet EuCd2As2 have captured vast attention, especially the ideal Weyl semimetal state realized in the spin‐polarized ferromagnetic (FM) structure driven by a moderate external magnetic field. In this work, combining magnetization, magneto‐transport, and structure measurements under high pressure and first principles calculations, this study finds that the pressure can drive the in‐plane antiferromagnetic structure of EuCd2As2 across an intermediate in‐plane FM structure then into the out‐of‐plane FM structure. This study also finds butterfly‐shaped MR and anomalous Hall effect under large pressure, which may support the pressure‐driven FM state. High‐pressure angle‐dispersive X‐ray diffraction and X‐ray absorption near‐edge spectroscopy measurements exclude structure transition and/or change of Eu2+ valence state as sources for the magnetic phase transitions. Alternatively, apparently reduced axial ratio (c/a) and compressed Eu‐layer space distance should play important roles. Interestingly, the calculations unveil that the out‐of‐plane FM structure hosts only one pair of Weyl nodes around the Fermi level, suggesting that pressure can be an alternative way to realize the ideal Weyl semimetal state in EuCd2As2 and will be useful for exploring exotic topological properties in such layered magnetic topological phase with strongly competing magnetic exchanges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deterministic switching of perpendicularly magnetized synthetic antiferromagnets using spin‐orbit torque (SOT) usually requires an in‐plane auxiliary magnetic field, which limits its practical applications. Here, an exchange field gradient is introduced into perpendicularly magnetized synthetic ferro‐ and antiferromagnets (SFs and SAFs) through the insertion of a slightly wedged Ru between two thin ferromagnetic layers, which induces field‐free switching of perpendicular SFs and SAFs with a switching ratio up to 81% regardless of the nature of the coupling. Temperature‐dependent measurement shows a robust field‐free switching even at low temperature. The experimental results show that the field‐free switching ratio and the effective SOT field are directly related to the exchange field gradient. The theoretical model and numerical simulation indicate that the dynamic noncollinear spin textures induced by the exchange field gradient lead to the field‐free switching, while the sign of the exchange field gradient determines the field‐free switching polarity. It is further revealed that the SOT efficiency is positively correlated with the antiferromagnetic exchange field for both Ru wedged and non‐wedged samples. These results provide a new avenue for simultaneously achieving field‐free switching and high SOT efficiency of perpendicularly magnetized SAFs for highly stable, high‐density, low‐stray‐field, and low‐power magnetic memory devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The radix of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels (RAS) is widely used in medicinal and dietary applications in China, and has the function for replenishing and invigorating the blood, stopping pain and moistening the intestines. In this study, RAS from the main geoherb regions showed better efficacy in inhibiting Adenosine diphosphate‐ or arachidonic acid‐induced platelet aggregation than those from non‐geoherb regions. In addition, the HPLC fingerprints of 30 batches of RAS, as part of the comprehensive evaluation of RAS, were established and used for spectral efficiency to screen the quality markers for anti‐platelet aggregation activities. Five compounds in RAS—senkyunolide I, uridine, guanine, ferulic acid and adenosine—were demonstrated to contribute significantly to the anti‐platelet aggregation activity. These bioactive compounds, especially senkyunolide I and ferulic acid with stronger activities, could be used as quality markers of RAS for quality control of RAS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exposure to air pollution has been closely associated with some cardiovascular disease. One of the mechanisms of PM2.5‐mediated heart injury may be to promote inflammation. We aim to investigate whether the main extract of Houttuynia cordata, 2‐undecanone, can prevent the inflammation caused by PM2.5, and to reveal the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that PM2.5 increased the expression of certain inflammatory cytokines, and caused oxidative damage in BALB/c mice and H9C2 cells. Supplementation with 2‐undecanone attenuated this PM2.5‐induced inflammatory injury and oxidative damage. Further, we elucidated that the protective effect of 2‐undecanone may be associated with NF‐κB and Nrf2/HO‐1 pathways. The NF‐κB pathway was distinctly activated after treated by PM2.5, which can be blocked by 2‐undecanone, accompanied by increasing Nrf2 and HO‐1 levels. To figure out the relationship between NF‐κB and Nrf2/HO‐1 pathways, we knocked down Nrf2 gene. NF‐κB pathway proteins and downstream inflammatory cytokines were significantly increased after treatment with PM2.5, while 2‐undecanone could decrease expression of these proteins. In conclusion, it is possible that 2‐undecanone can induce the expression of the antioxidant enzyme HO‐1 by activating Nrf2, thereby reducing NF‐κB pathway and inflammatory damage of mouse myocardium caused by PM2.5 exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Positive relationships between structural diversity and forest productivity have been documented in controlled experiments and early secondary forests, however, negative relationships have also been observed in late successional forests. The mechanisms causing observed relationships between structural diversity and productivity are not well‐established, but complementarity among crowns and asymmetric competition have been suggested.We used LiDAR and repeated census data to examine the relationship between canopy structural diversity and productivity in nine 1‐ha subtropical forest plots along a disturbance gradient in southeastern China. We quantified the relative importance of community composition, species diversity, canopy structural diversity, leaf area index (LAI) and disturbance regime on productivity using piecewise structural equation modelling. We also tested how vertical leaf area distribution affected productivity.Contrary to many prior observations, we found a negative relationship between canopy structural diversity and forest productivity. The negative effect may stem from asymmetric competition between overstorey and understorey leaves, leading to a lower leaf area efficiency (i.e. wood production per leaf area). Asymmetric competition was suggested by a negative relationship between understorey leaf area and total productivity. Changes in community composition over the disturbance gradient, but not species diversity, had a significant effect on productivity.Synthesis. Our study suggests that leaf area and canopy structural diversity have contrasting effects on productivity in this subtropical forest, and this needs to be considered when estimating rates of carbon sequestration in secondary forests. The negative effect of asymmetric competition on productivity is comparable to that of the shift in species composition over succession, highlighting the role of canopy structural diversity in shaping forest productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This letter presents a feasible and cost‐effective approach to realize closed laminated core, which is used to realize on silicon integrated thin film inductors. The closed laminated core is fabricated by electroplating magnetic layers with an oxide insulation layer sputtered in‐between. This is compatible with the back end of line (BEOL) processes. The prototype of the thin film inductor with closed laminated core shows less degradation of AC inductance and smaller AC resistance at high frequencies than the variant with a solid core. Furthermore, it is tested in a 20‐MHz DC–DC converter. The peak efficiency of 80% was achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), highlights major gaps in our knowledge on the prevention control and cross‐species transmission mechanisms of animal coronaviruses. Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), and porcine delta coronavirus (PDCoV) are three common swine coronaviruses and have similar clinical features. In the absence of effective treatments, they have led to significant economic losses in the swine industry worldwide. We reported that indoles exerted potent activity against swine coronaviruses, the molecules used included melatonin, indole, tryptamine, and L‐tryptophan. Herein, we did further systematic studies with melatonin, a ubiquitous and versatile molecule, and found it inhibited TGEV, PEDV, and PDCoV infection in PK‐15, Vero, or LLC‐PK1 cells by reducing viral entry and replication, respectively. Collectively, we provide the molecular basis for the development of new treatments based on the ability of indoles to control TGEV, PEDV, and PDCoV infection and spread. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study aimed to assess the dietary salt intake in patients with CKD in Jiangsu province and investigate the relationship of urinary sodium excretion with blood pressure. A total of 800 patients with CKD stages 1–4 were recruited. All enrolled patients were asked to collect complete 24‐h urine specimen. At the same time, patient's demographic and laboratory data were recorded. The mean age was 47.45 ± 15.25 years old, including 423 men and 377 women. There was no significant difference in urinary sodium excretion among different stages of CKD (p =.748). This study revealed that the median urinary sodium excretion of all patients was 127.20 mmol/d (IQR 91.03–172.06), corresponding to a salt intake of 7.4 g/d. Among them, only 167 (20.9%) cases had salt intake <5 g/d. Moreover, urinary sodium excretion in overweight group and obese group was higher than that in normal weight group (p =.001, p ˂.001). Likewise, urinary sodium excretion in men was higher than that in women (p ˂.001). Spearman correlation analysis indicated that urinary sodium excretion positively correlated with urinary protein excretion (r =.178, p ˂.001), SBP (r =.109, p =.002), and DBP (r =.086, p =.015). After adjusting for age, gender, BMI, eGFR, urinary protein excretion, and history of taking antihypertensive drug, multivariate linear regression demonstrated that higher level of urinary sodium excretion associated with increased level of SBP, DBP, and MAP (β = 0.020, p =.049; β = 0.015, p =.040; β = 0.016, p =.025, respectively). In conclusion, the dietary salt intake in CKD patients, especially in male, overweight and obese subjects, remains high in Jiangsu province. It is vital to decline salt intake to control blood pressure in Jiangsu patients with CKD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper considers a one‐service operator, one‐handset manufacturer mobile phone supply chain (MPSC), and examines how the nature and level of both the handset manufacturer's fairness concerns and the operator's fairness concerns affect the decision of pricing, subsidizing, and channel choice between an unlocked channel and a bundled channel. Our analysis shows that in most circumstances, the MPSC will choose the bundled channel as long as the price elasticity is higher; however, this property is invalid under certain conditions. Our analysis further shows that the introduction of fairness may have significant effects on channel choice decisions. First, the manufacturer's fairness may hinder the MPSC from choosing the bundled channel when the channel power between the operator and the manufacturer is sufficiently asymmetric. Second, when the manufacturer is almost neck‐and‐neck with the operator, the manufacturer's fairness concerns may be conducive to the deployment of the bundled channel. Third, the bundled channel would never be a reasonable choice for both the operator and the MPSC when the manufacturer has a relatively powerful status, in particular under the situation when the manufacturer has strong fairness concerns. Fourth, the operator's fairness concerns are always detrimental to the bundled cooperation which is different from the effect of the manufacturer's fairness concerns, and the bundled channel would never be a reasonable choice for the MPSC when the operator is extremely powerful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Loss of Lon1 led to stunted plant growth and accumulation of nuclear‐encoded mitochondrial proteins including Lon1 substrates. However, an in‐depth label‐free proteomics quantification of mitochondrial proteins in lon1 revealed that the majority of mitochondrial‐encoded proteins decreased in abundance. Additionally, we found that lon1 mutants contained protein aggregates in the mitochondrial that were enriched in metabolic enzymes, ribosomal subunits and PPR‐containing proteins of the translation apparatus. These mutants exhibited reduced general mitochondrial translation as well as deficiencies in RNA splicing and editing. These findings support the role of Lon1 in maintaining a functional translational apparatus for mitochondrial‐encoded gene translation. Transcriptome analysis of lon1 revealed a mitochondrial unfolded protein response reminiscent of the mitochondrial retrograde signalling dependent on the transcription factor ANAC017. Notably, lon1 mutants exhibited transiently elevated ethylene production, and the shortened hypocotyl observed in lon1 mutants during skotomorphogenesis was partially alleviated by ethylene inhibitors. Furthermore, the short root phenotype was partially ameliorated by introducing a mutation in the ethylene receptor ETR1. Interestingly, the upregulation of only a select few target genes was linked to ETR1‐mediated ethylene signalling. Together this provides multiple steps in the link between loss of Lon1 and signalling responses to restore mitochondrial protein homoeostasis in plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]