Search

A majority of Chinese high-tech firms were founded in development zones established by the Chinese government. It is necessary to identify the impacts of development zones on firms' innovation (hereinafter referred to as "innovation effects") as well as the possible knowledge spillover of development zones. Different types of zones, due to their different administrative levels and original purposes of establishment, may have different innovation effects. In this paper, the innovation effects of the Shanghai development zones are identified by using the geographic range of Shanghai development zones as well as geographic coordinates, patents, and research and development (R&D) data of manufacturing firms. The research results robustly show that there are significant and positive innovation effects of development zones. Through the use of regression analysis and by using firm data on both sides of zone boundaries, we observe knowledge spillovers. We also test a possible mechanism for the innovation effects of development zones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dynamic performance of high-speed maglev trains, a next-generation rapid transit system, has received continuous attention in recent years. In this study, a dynamic reliability analysis method for a high-speed maglev train–guideway coupled system was proposed. First, a refined model of the maglev vehicle–bridge interaction system was established, where the vehicle subsystem was simulated as a rigid body-spring-damper model with 101 degrees of freedom. The guideway subsystem was simulated as a finite element model, and these two subsystems were coupled as an entire system through a magnet–rail interaction model with a proportional-derivative (PD) controller. Second, a dimension-reduction method for the simulation of representative samples of track irregularities was developed, and thus the number of random variables in the system was reduced to four. Finally, an efficient method for the calculation of the dynamic reliability of a maglev train–guideway coupled system was proposed using the probability density evolution method-based equivalent extreme value principle. With numerical examples, the accuracy of the maglev train–guideway interaction model was verified by comparing it with field measurement data from the Shanghai high-speed maglev line. The accuracy of the proposed dynamic reliability analysis method was confirmed by comparing three types of results, that is, the mean value time-history curve, the probability density function, and the cumulative distribution function of extreme values, obtained by the Monte Carlo method. Finally, the dynamic reliability of the running safety and stability of the maglev vehicle at a speed of 430 km/h and the variation laws of the dynamic reliabilities with train speed were examined in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2022, highly restrictive measures were imposed in China to contain the less deadly Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 virus or the COVID-19 virus. This study argues that these measures stemmed from a move away from pragmatic authoritarianism and towards totalitarianism since 2013 and that the lockdown of scores of cities such as Shanghai in 2022 carried quintessential features of totalitarianism. Revived totalitarianism in China has helped explain the longest and likely the most comprehensive strict epidemic control among all nations during the COVID-19 pandemic. The politics and the end of zero-COVID policy in China in 2022 are analysed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the continuous digital transformation of Shanghai, the problem of illegal use of data has become prominent. This study examines the relationship between urban digital transformation and enterprises' personal data protection from both micro- and macro-viewpoints. Enterprises establishing personal data protection system (PDPS) can gain public support in the process of urban digital transformation, accelerate urban digital transformation, and develop the whole market. Public support, corporate governance, and government guidance interact to provide the impetus for urban digital transformation. This study provides a theoretical basis for the establishment of a smart city under emerging markets. Meanwhile, it provides practical implications for governance guidelines for promoting the digital transformation of cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]