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2. The British East India Company and the Great Bengal Famine of 1770: Towards a Corporate Colonial Biopolitics.
- Author
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Mallik, Senjuti
- Subjects
- *
BRITISH occupation of India, 1765-1947 , *FISCAL policy , *DEINDUSTRIALIZATION , *AGRICULTURE , *GEOGRAPHERS , *FAMINES - Abstract
The Great Bengal Famine of 1770 took 10 million lives. The British East India Company's (EIC) extraction of resources and imposition of brutal tax policies in Bengal exacerbated the disaster. By exploring the intersections of corporate interests, colonialism, and biopolitics, this paper provides a new perspective on the Bengal famine of 1770 by introducing and visualizing it through a unique theoretical framework—corporate colonial biopolitics. Adopting Michel Foucault's notion of biopolitics, my focus is primarily on the corporate colonial biopolitical strategies enforced by the Company, which led to dispossession, violence, and resource extraction exploiting Bengal's landscape and impeding the region's progress and development. The essay unveils the racist policies and profit-driven principles of the EIC and how they prioritized generating revenues, financing its military, and exporting food grain even at the peak of the famine. I point out how the EIC systematically dismantled the Indian agricultural system, fueling deindustrialization in India and ultimately making the region vulnerable to famines. The Bengal famine of 1770 remains unexplored by geographers despite being the first colonial famine in India. One of the primary objectives of this paper is to bridge this gap by shedding light on the geographical dimensions of this pivotal historical catastrophe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Deindustrialisation, demographic decline, aging, economic crisis and social involution in a metropolitan area analysed by applying Socio-Economic and Health Deprivation Indices
- Author
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VERCELLI, MARINA and LILLINI, ROBERTO
- Subjects
Aging ,Deprivation ,Economic Recession ,Social Class ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Deindustrialization ,Metropolitan area ,Humans ,Socio-economic crisis ,Census Tract ,Research Paper ,Deprivation indices ,Demography - Abstract
Aims - Genoa is a city hit by a strong economic, demographic and social involution. The changes in the demographic and socio-economic (SE) situation were analysed and the capacity of two Socio-Economic and Health Deprivation Indices (SEHDI) in describing the evolutions of the recent period were verified. Material and Methods – The data about the evolution of demographic and SE situation in Genoa came from publications of Statistics Offices of Genoa Municipality and Liguria Region and from published analyses of Bank of Italy. The two SEHDIs, referring to 2001 and 2011 population, were computed at census tract level by linear regression, factor and clusters analyses and had been already validated and published. Results – Wide transformations in aging and population composition by age groups and gender occurred in Genoa between 1951 and 2016. Internal (from other Italian regions) and external (from other countries) migrations concurred to change the profile of Genoese population. These changes followed the industrial history of city and its deindustrialization occurred since 2001. A progressive SE involution, worsened by the Italian and international crises, carried out the recent impoverishment of the city. Between 2001 and 2011 the population at medium-high deprivation increased and the SEHDIs 2001 and 2011 contributed to describe the population distribution by deprivation groups, either geographically, and by groups of citizenships (Italians and Foreigners). The first identified in 2001 some aspects of a well-off society regarding education, labour market and characteristics of the family and housing structure. The second depicted in 2011 an impoverished society in aging, lack of family support and of property of the main house, diminishing of educational level. Discussion - Genoa city demonstrated an its own specific decline. Starting from the deindustrialization, a worsening of welfare, independently from the national and international economic troubles, was evident. The aging and the changed equilibria among age groups testified the growing difficulties of society in keeping up with the deep social and economic changes. The results demonstrated that specific deprivation indices aid to better define the populations under analysis, because they identify the subpopulations that could have the maximum benefit from investments of resources targeted to the correction of inequalities., Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, Vol. 62 No. 3 (2021): 2021623
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. STAGNATION OF THE BRAZILIAN ECONOMY AND PERIPHERAL FINANCIALIZATION.
- Author
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FEIJO, CARMEN
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL finance ,INTERNATIONAL economic integration ,FINANCIAL crises ,FOREIGN exchange rates ,FINANCIALIZATION ,STAGNATION (Economics) ,INTEREST rates - Abstract
Copyright of International Economics / Economia Internazionale is the property of Camera di Commercio di Genova and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
5. Deindustrialization, Tertiarization and Suburbanization in Central and Eastern Europe. Lessons Learned from Bucharest City, Romania.
- Author
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Săgeată, Radu, Mitrică, Bianca, Cercleux, Andreea-Loreta, Grigorescu, Ines, and Hardi, Tamás
- Subjects
CITIES & towns ,SUBURBS ,URBAN growth ,URBAN planning ,REGIONAL development ,DEINDUSTRIALIZATION ,SUBURBANIZATION - Abstract
This paper intends to delve deeply into the current understanding of the ways in which the transition from a central-based economy to an economy relying on free competition has led to changes in the big urban centers, bringing about a change in the relationships with the suburban areas. The authors take into account the high population density, the lack of space, and the elevated price of land within the big cities, which leads to urban functions migrating beyond the administrative boundaries, thus favoring the process of suburbanization. Given the context, commercial forces shift, migrating from the center to the urban peripheries or even outside them. This research is based on a comprehensive process of participative investigation (2012–2022) in Bucharest, Romania's capital city. The research relies on field investigation, statistical and quantitative analyses and bibliographical sources. The conclusions rely primarily on the idea that political changes cannot be separated from economic, cultural and environmental ones, highlighting globalizing flows and the development of big cities. Industrial activities, strongly developed within a central-based economy, have significantly declined, which is partly compensated for by the development of the tertiary sector and, in particular, of commercial services leading to a functional reconversion of the urban peripheries and of suburban areas. The conclusions suggest that it is very important to be highly careful regarding the dilemmas and challenges ensuing from uncontrolled urban growth; therefore, several measures of urban planning should be taken with a view to achieving a better cooperation between urban stakeholders and those from the metropolitan areas so as to attain some common objectives in infrastructure in order to reach an integrated regional development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Does economic globalization trigger deindustrialization in Western Balkan countries? Empirical evidence based on augmented mean group estimator.
- Author
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Cengiz, Orhan and Manga, Müge
- Abstract
Integration into the global economy can cause shifts in industries and decrease the industrial sector's share. Deindustrialization, which refers to declining industry share, is commonly observed in developed countries. However, many developing countries have also experienced deindustrialization without attaining a high economic level in the era of globalization. Since transitioning to a market economy and integrating with the European Union (EU), deindustrialization has become a significant issue for Western Balkan countries. Thus, our paper analyzes the impact of economic globalization on the deindustrialization process in five Western Balkan countries: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Serbia by using panel data spanning 2000-2019. Our study involved the creation of two models utilizing the augmented mean group (AMG) estimation method to ensure precise results. Our research shows that in model I, the economic globalization index, economic growth, capital investment, and the rule of law positively impact industry employment share. In model II, trade openness and economic growth positively affect manufacturing value-added; however, capital investment and the rule of law have a negative impact. Our findings indicate that economic globalization promotes industrialization in the Western Balkans instead of leading to deindustrialization. The panel causality results from Dumitrescu--Hurlin indicate that in model I, there is a oneway causal relationship going from economic globalization and capital investment to the share of industry employment. In model II, the causal relationship goes from economic growth and the rule of law to manufacturing value-added, from manufacturing value-added to trade openness and capital investment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. DEINDUSTRIALIZATION AND THE REAL-ESTATE– DEVELOPMENT–DRIVEN HOUSING REGIME. THE CASE OF ROMANIA IN GLOBAL CONTEXT.
- Author
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VINCZE, Enikő
- Subjects
REAL estate development ,DEINDUSTRIALIZATION - Abstract
The article examines how deindustrialization as economic restructuring and housing regime changes evolved interconnectedly in Romania during the Great Transformation from state socialism to neoliberal capitalism. This article also explores how they acted as conditions for the emergence of a real-estatedevelopment-driven housing regime (REDD-HR) alongside other factors. The analysis is from the perspective of the geographical political economy on the variegated pathways of these phenomena across borders and secondary statistical data collected by two research projects conducted in Romania in the past two years. In the Eastern semiperiphery of global capitalism or a country oftheGlobal Easts with a socialist legacy, after 1990, the state restructured the economy by privatizing industry and public housing. During state socialism, the housing regime supported industrialization-based urbanization, whereas deindustrialization-cumprivatization in emerging capitalism facilitated the appearance of real estate development. On the one hand, the article enriches studies on deindustrialization by highlighting the role of housing in the transformation of industrial relations; on the other hand, the paper revisits housing studies by analyzing deindustrialization as a process with an impact on the changing housing regime. Altogether, deindustrialization-cum-privatization and the changing housing sector are analyzed as prerequisites of the REDD-HR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Neighbourhood change in Genesee and Kent Counties, Michigan, 1970–2019.
- Author
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Ravuri, Evelyn
- Subjects
- *
NEIGHBORHOODS , *MIDDLE class , *RAPIDS , *COUNTIES , *DEINDUSTRIALIZATION - Abstract
Michigan was an industrial powerhouse until the onset of deindustrialization in 1970. This paper compares socio‐economic and demographic changes at the neighbourhood level between 1970 and 2019 in two medium‐sized cities/counties in Michigan (Flint/Genesee County and Grand Rapids/Kent County) that underwent deindustrialization. Only 35% of neighbourhoods in the two counties were of the same class in 2019 as in 1970. Middle‐class neighbourhoods declined while poor and upper‐middle class neighbourhoods increased. The contemporary spatial structure of neighbourhoods in these two counties is a mixture of classic concentric ring/sectoral models interspersed with socio‐economic downgrading inner‐ring suburbs identified within other US cities since the 1990s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. La pérdida de valor de la industria automotora de ABC Paulista, Brasil.
- Author
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Yamauchi, Gisele, de Borja Reis, Cristina Fróes, and de Oliveira Tourinho, Andréa
- Subjects
GLOBAL value chains ,AUTOMOBILE industry ,FINANCIAL liberalization ,DEINDUSTRIALIZATION ,VALUE chains ,ECONOMIC expansion - Abstract
Copyright of Papeles de Europa is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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10. PARADOKS HRVATSKE BRODOGRADNJE: Brodarski institut i STEM ante litteram.
- Author
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Matošević, Andrea
- Subjects
RESEARCH vessels ,DEINDUSTRIALIZATION ,RESEARCH institutes - Abstract
Copyright of Ethnological Forum / Etnoloska Tribina is the property of Etnoloska Tribina / Ethnological Forum and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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11. BRASIL, BALANCE ECONÓMICO DE LA PRESIDENCIA DE BOLSONARO.
- Author
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Salama, Pierre
- Subjects
RUSSIAN invasion of Ukraine, 2022- ,STAGNATION (Economics) ,DEINDUSTRIALIZATION ,INCOME inequality ,ECONOMIC expansion ,STANDARD of living ,DEFORESTATION ,LABOR market - Abstract
Copyright of Revista de Economía Institucional is the property of Universidad Externado de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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12. DESINDUSTRIALIZAÇÃO E HETEROGENEIDADE SUBSETORIAL: PADRÕES INTERNACIONAIS E DESAFIOS PARA A ECONOMIA BRASILEIRA.
- Author
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Araujo, Eliane, Costa Peres, Samuel, and Luzia Araujo, Elisangela
- Subjects
INDUSTRIAL concentration ,LITERATURE reviews ,ECONOMIC policy ,DEINDUSTRIALIZATION ,ECONOMIC development - Abstract
Copyright of Revista de Economia Contemporânea is the property of Revista de Economia Contemporanea and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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13. DOES US TRADE LIBERALIZATION EXPLAIN PUERTO RICO'S DEINDUSTRIALIZATION?
- Author
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Romero-Ramírez, Héctor
- Subjects
- *
FREE trade , *INTERNATIONAL trade , *DEINDUSTRIALIZATION , *GRANGER causality test , *INTERNATIONAL economic relations , *IMPULSE response , *TIME series analysis - Abstract
This paper studies the possible role of US trade liberalization in explaining Puerto Rico's deindustrialization. In order to address this issue, time series techniques were used. The results of the Granger Causality Test suggest that the imports made by the US from Mexico, Canada, Ireland, and Costa Rica do not explain Puerto Rico's deindustrialization. Therefore, no causal relationship was found between the imports made by the US from its NAFTA partners and the countries where the corporations that benefited from Section 936 relocated with the deindustrialization of Puerto Rico. Besides, the impulse response exercise suggests that in the first period, deindustrialization explains its variability by 100%, and in the final period, it explains 95.47%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Death by Robots? Automation and Working-Age Mortality in the United States.
- Author
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O'Brien, Rourke, Bair, Elizabeth F., and Venkataramani, Atheendar S.
- Subjects
ROBOTS ,AUTOMATION ,EMPLOYMENT ,DRUG overdose - Abstract
The decline of manufacturing employment is frequently invoked as a key cause of worsening U.S. population health trends, including rising mortality due to "deaths of despair." Increasing automation-- the use of industrial robots to perform tasks previously done by human workers-- is one structural force driving the decline of manufacturing jobs and wages. In this study, we examine the impact of automation on age- and sex-specific mortality. Using exogenous variation in automation to support causal inference, we find that increases in automation over the period 1993-2007 led to substantive increases in all- cause mortality for both men and women aged 45-54. Disaggregating by cause, we find evidence that automation is associated with increases in drug overdose deaths, suicide, homicide, and cardiovascular mortality, although patterns differ by age and sex. We further examine heterogeneity in effects by safety net program generosity, labor market policies, and the supply of prescription opioids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. El retorno de la desindustrialización: el sector manufacturero argentino entre 2015 y 2019.
- Author
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Schteingart, Daniel and Tavosnanska, Andrés
- Subjects
ECONOMIC change ,ECONOMIC elites ,ECONOMIC policy ,MONETARY incentives ,ECONOMIC systems - Abstract
Copyright of H-Industria: Revista de Historia de la Industria Argentina y Latinoamericana is the property of H-Industria, Revista de Historia de la Industria Argentina y Latinoamericana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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16. Centralized Industrialization in the Memory of Places. Case Studies of Romanian Cities.
- Author
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Săgeată, Radu, Mitrică, Bianca, and Mocanu, Irena
- Subjects
INDUSTRIALIZATION ,CASE studies ,GEOGRAPHIC names ,STEEL industry ,DEINDUSTRIALIZATION - Abstract
The paper highlights the impact of excessive industrialization during the centralized economy era on urban spatial identity, as well as the disruption of this identity through political-administrative decisions, a phenomenon characteristic of the Central and Eastern European region during the era of centralized economies. The tendency to rebalance urban territorial systems is achieved through deindustrialization, together with reindustrialization and tertiarization. All these changes affect functionality, physiognomy as well as urban culture, and can be quantified through the changes in the memory of places. Urban toponyms related to industrialization are disappearing and are replaced by toponyms that illustrate the historical past of the city and, in general, its spatial identity. The paper aims to contribute to the development of research on the impact of oversized industrialization on the memory of places, in the context of the transition from industrial to service-based economies, a process that affected the states of the former Communist Bloc after 1990. Based on bibliographic sources and field research conducted between 2008 and 2020 in two cities in Romania (Bucharest, the country's capital, and Galați, the largest river and seaport and the main centre of the steel industry in the country), we have evaluated quantitatively these changes with the help of indices resulting from the toponymic changes resulting from these processes. The study shows that the functional disturbances due to the oversized industrialization that characterized the communist period only managed to a small extent to affect the correlation between the spatial identity of the two cities and their toponymy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Covering the World with the International Herald Tribune
- Author
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Schaefer, Christopher and Preston, Andrew
- Subjects
American Empire ,American Journalism ,Deindustrialization ,Digital Revolution ,Globalization ,International Herald Tribune ,Transnational Elites - Abstract
This dissertation provides an institutional history of the International Herald Tribune, the most prominent international newspaper from the 1960s until the 2000s, and a social history of the American journalists who produced it. As a publication that took advantage of telecommunications advances to print remotely beginning in the 1970s, it was a rare print newspaper to achieve international distribution before the internet era. The IHT drew on the resources of its two parent publications, the Washington Post and the New York Times, to produce a daily newspaper for a global elite readership at a time when those newspapers were transforming American journalism through their coverage of the Vietnam War, the Pentagon Papers, and Watergate. This dissertation provides a transnational account of American journalism as a constituent part of American market empire by tracing the evolutions that the IHT underwent from the end of Marshall Plan attempts to use it as a tool of American soft power, through technological and neoliberal transformations, up to the end of the Cold War and the digital revolution. It details the constellation of technological, political, social, and cultural forces that allowed the IHT's distribution to expand from France to cover the entire world. It examines the implications of a global readership and follows key developments in American journalism and geopolitics from the decentered perspective of American journalists in Paris. Concluding with the digital transition, it shows that the IHT was incapable of transferring its print era success to a new paradigm because of its hybrid corporate structure, born out of a unique mid-century conjuncture of American media consolidation and Cold War geopolitics.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Why Has Trade Barely Moved Sub-Saharan Africa to Its Economic Potential?
- Author
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Mazorodze, Brian Tavonga
- Subjects
ECONOMIC impact ,STORAGE & moving industry ,DEINDUSTRIALIZATION ,INTERNATIONAL trade ,MANUFACTURING industries - Abstract
The rise in global trade volumes since the early 90s has been welcomed by many under the notion that trade helps countries edge closer to their economic potential. A concerning observation, however, is that while Asia, Latin America, and Europe seem to have witnessed a discernible rise in per capita income during this period and moved closer to their economic potential, sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) does not seem to have recorded as much success. Defining economic potential as maximum possible income from given resources and existing technology, the results presented here for a panel of 22 sub-Saharan countries observed between 1995 and 2021 confirm that the region's ability to edge closer to its full potential was heavily undermined by its small and shrinking manufacturing sector, a result that is replicated by counterfactual methods. In policy senses against this background, SSA may need to reconsider its widespread deindustrialization model and rejuvenate manufacturing. This policy implication feeds into the broader discussion of premature deindustrialization in SSA and its economic consequences. Evidence suggests that reversing this trend through expanding manufacturing potentially lifts about 50% of the sampled countries (including Rwanda, Togo, Guinea, Niger, Sierra-Leone, Gambia, Benin, Uganda, and Mozambique) from low-income status to middle-income status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. PROCES TERCIJARIZACIJE U HRVATSKOJ – DUGOROČNE PROMJENE U STRUKTURI PRIVREDNIH DJELATNOSTI PREMA SEKTORIMA
- Author
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Peračković, Krešimir, Turk, Ivo, and Šikić, Luka
- Subjects
industrial sectors ,services ,tertiary activities ,tertiarization ,deindustrialization ,deagrarization ,postindustrial society ,sektori privrednih djelatnosti ,usluge, uslužne djelatnosti ,tercijarizacija ,deindustrijalizacija ,deagrarizacija - Abstract
This paper analyses a structural change by economic sectors in general and tertiarization process in particular, for the period 1971-2011 in Croatia. It started from the classical economic theory of service sector growth and demographic approach by using the data collected from the population censuses, to analyse long term changes and trends in the sector’s structure. The process of tertiarization is usually defined as an increase in the share of service sector employment in total employment and we assume as a continuous long term process, it is influenced by different factors in different periods, and mostly the ones that have accelerated the process of deindustrialization as well in the past. Our results confirm a structural change that favours service sector growth during the whole period, not only in last three transition decades, along with the simultaneous reduction in agricultural and industrial sector shares. The main limitation is fact that those results are just a fundamental but necessary first step based on demographic statistics which reveal some elementary insights useful for further analyses. Scientific assessment of this article is in interdisciplinary approach of explanation of different impacts and specific features of tertiarization process in Croatia since 1970s. Also, the contribution of this paper is at the same time the collection and presentation of a new set of data combined in one article from several sources, which can be the basis for some further research. The results also consider the question if this process was accompanied by the economic growth and development observed in the rich and more developed countries or this shift towards service society with postindustrial division of labour does not come along with expected modernisation and developmental effects., U ovom se radu analizira strukturna promjena gospodarskih sektora u cjelini a posebno proces tercijarizacije za razdoblje 1971–2011. u Hrvatskoj. Polazi se od klasične ekonomske teorije rasta uslužnog sektora uz demografski pristup, korištenjem podataka popisa stanovništva za analizu dugoročnih promjena i trendova u sektorskoj strukturi. Proces tercijarizacije je najčešće definiran kao povećanje udjela zaposlenog stanovništva u uslužnom sektoru, a glavna je teza u radu da je kao kontinuirani dugoročni proces bio pod utjecajem različitih čimbenika u različitim razdobljima, uglavnom onih koji su istovremeno ubrzali proces deindustrijalizacije. Rezultati analize potvrđuju strukturnu promjenu koja ukazuje na rast uslužnog sektora tijekom čitavog promatranog razdoblja, a ne samo u zadnja tri desetljeća tranzicijska razdoblja uz istodobno smanjenje udjela poljoprivrednog i industrijskog sektora. Glavno ograničenje jest činjenica da su ti rezultati tek osnovni ali nužni korak utemeljen na demografskoj statistici koja daje elementarne uvide korisne za daljnje analize. Znanstveni je doprinos ovog rada u interdisciplinarnom pristupu teorijskom konceptu te obrazloženju različitih čimbenika i obilježja procesa tercijarizacije u Hrvatskoj od 1970ih. Rezultati također nameću daljnje pitanje je li taj proces praćen ekonomskim rastom i razvojem kao u razvijenijim zemljama ili taj prijelaz prema društvu usluga sa postindustrijskom podjelom rada nije donio očekivane učinke modernizacije i razvoja.
- Published
- 2023
20. OFDI of Chinese Private Enterprises and Deindustrialization
- Author
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Xue, Jun, Li, Jinyong, Xie, Tongtong, and Xu, Yang
- Subjects
deindustrialization ,outward foreign direct investments ,private enterprises - Abstract
Outward Foreign Direct Investment(OFDI)has a profound impact on the adjustment of industrial structure, and OFDI of Chinese private enterprises is the most important part of OFDI of Chinese enterprises. What is its connection with the deindustrialization process of China’s economy? This paper adopts the data of OFDI of Chinese private enterprises as well as the data of China’s cities at the prefecture level and above from 2005 to 2016 for empirical analysis, and the results show that OFDI of private enterprises significantly promotes China’s deindustrialization process. The results of further heterogeneity test show that compared with greenfield investment, the deindustrialization effect of OFDI of private enterprises in the form of mergers and acquisitions(M&A)is greater; OFDI of private enterprises in the eastern region has the strongest deindustrialization effect, followed by the western region; and compared with OFDI of private enterprises in developing countries, OFDI of private enterprises in developed countries has a stronger negative impact on the level of industrialization. The conclusion of this paper may provide enlightenment for China to promote the new pattern of all-round opening and industrial adjustment and upgrading., 東南アジア研究年報 , 57, pp.49-64; 2022
- Published
- 2022
21. On difference and combination: Politics and social movement organizations in a Pennsylvania rust-belt region.
- Author
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Kasmir, Sharryn
- Subjects
SOCIAL structure ,SUBURBS ,SOCIAL movements ,SOCIAL clubs ,ECONOMIC history ,SOCIAL development ,PRACTICAL politics - Abstract
This article draws on fieldwork in the majority Latinx (gender-neutral Latinos/as) rust-belt city of Reading and the majority white suburbs and rural towns of Berks County, Pennsylvania, United States, where three social movement groups are forging a left/liberal alignment. A history of uneven economic and social development in Reading/Berks underlies current divisions that confront the social movement organizations. Scholars grapple with bringing capital's non-waged and marginalized "others" into class analysis, and they remap class stuggles to account for capital's many laborers. The article proposes to apprehend how class is formed by combining difference, in the medium of time, and through political struggle. It explores the hidden relations among diverse populations and highlights the political moments that bring those connections to the fore at a specific historical conjuncture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DE DAVID KUPFER PARA A ANÁLISE DA POLÍTICA DE INOVAÇÃO BRASILEIRA NOS ANOS 2000.
- Author
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dos Reis Azevedo Botelho, Marisa and Macedo de Avellar, Ana Paula
- Subjects
EXTERNAL debts ,INDUSTRIALIZATION ,ECONOMIC change ,EDUCATORS ,DEINDUSTRIALIZATION - Abstract
Copyright of Revista de Economia Contemporânea is the property of Revista de Economia Contemporanea and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Centralized Industrialization in the Memory of Places. Case Studies of Romanian Cities
- Author
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Irena Mocanu, Bianca Mitrică, and Radu Săgeată
- Subjects
Deindustrialization ,H1-99 ,Romania ,industrialization ,Planned economy ,General Social Sciences ,Context (language use) ,political-administrative decisions ,Reindustrialization ,Eastern european ,Social sciences (General) ,Geography ,Industrialisation ,memory of places ,Urban culture ,spatial identity ,Economic geography ,Communism - Abstract
The paper highlights the impact of excessive industrialization during the centralized economy era on urban spatial identity, as well as the disruption of this identity through political-administrative decisions, a phenomenon characteristic of the Central and Eastern European region during the era of centralized economies. The tendency to rebalance urban territorial systems is achieved through deindustrialization, together with reindustrialization and tertiarization. All these changes affect functionality, physiognomy as well as urban culture, and can be quantified through the changes in the memory of places. Urban toponyms related to industrialization are disappearing and are replaced by toponyms that illustrate the historical past of the city and, in general, its spatial identity. The paper aims to contribute to the development of research on the impact of oversized industrialization on the memory of places, in the context of the transition from industrial to service-based economies, a process that affected the states of the former Communist Bloc after 1990. Based on bibliographic sources and field research conducted between 2008 and 2020 in two cities in Romania (Bucharest, the country’s capital, and Galați, the largest river and seaport and the main centre of the steel industry in the country), we have evaluated quantitatively these changes with the help of indices resulting from the toponymic changes resulting from these processes. The study shows that the functional disturbances due to the oversized industrialization that characterized the communist period only managed to a small extent to affect the correlation between the spatial identity of the two cities and their toponymy.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Does innovative capacity affect the deindustrialization process? A panel data analysis.
- Author
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de Oliveira, Bruno Ferreira and da Fonseca Nicolay, Rodolfo Tomás
- Subjects
DEINDUSTRIALIZATION ,DATA analysis ,PROCESS capability ,INDUSTRIALIZATION ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
The objective of the article is to analyze the relation between the innovative capacity and the deindustrialization process. We use data from 80 countries from 1995 to 2016. In addition, we use a new dependent variable to measure the deindustrialization process, related to the quality of exports and industrial competitiveness. The results suggest that there is a direct relationship between the innovative capacity and the share of industry in GDP, the relative share of industrial employment, and the quality of industrial exports. In the estimates considering the income level, we found that the impact of the innovative process on the dependent variables decreases as the income level rises. Although the effects of innovative capacity on industrial muscle remain positive. The results suggest that low innovative capacity may affect the deindustrialization process of a given country. The estimated result for the dependent variable related to the quality of exports presented the same behavior as the variables reported in the literature. As a public policy implication, the results suggest that policymakers should adopt incentive policies to build innovative capacity according to their income level, so that industrial development can provide special and favorable conditions for sustained growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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25. From Deindustrialization to a Reinforced Process of Reshoring in Europe. Another Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic?
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Somoza Medina, Xosé
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COVID-19 pandemic ,DEINDUSTRIALIZATION ,ECONOMIC impact ,LABOR costs ,GREAT Recession, 2008-2013 - Abstract
In the middle of the 20th century, economic theories predicted an evolution towards development that involved the tertiarization of the productive structure, with industry losing weight to the benefit of commerce and services. This model justified the deindustrialization of countries when, promoting globalization, large companies relocated production phases to third countries to take advantage of lower labor costs. Since the Great Recession and aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic and other economic factors, globalization seems to be entering a new phase in the third decade of the 21st century, in which Global Value Chains are changing to become even more regional and reshoring is a strategy increasingly employed by large European and North American companies. In the medium term, this global change will have a considerable impact on land systems on a global scale in what could be a new reindustrialization of the old continent. The article presents an investigation carried out on the impact of reshoring in leading European companies in six different industrial branches. The results of the research show how the relocation of the industry in the most developed countries is an incipient trend practiced by the leading European companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Social Capital, Operating Business Environment and Performance of Manufacturing MSME's in Nairobi City County, Kenya.
- Author
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Kaberia, Salome Kanini, Muathe, Stephen M. A., and Bula, Hannah
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SOCIAL capital ,SMALL business ,GROSS domestic product ,DEINDUSTRIALIZATION - Abstract
Globally the manufacturing sector is recognized as a key driver of economic development. Kenya's manufacturing sector is no exception with a contribution of 10% to gross domestic product from 2008 to 2014. In the 2017-2019 time period, however, the contribution deteriorated to 8.4%, 7.7% and 7.54% respectively, suggesting a possible premature de-industrialization. If this trend persists, Kenya's goal of achieving a robust manufacturing sector through the Big Four Agenda may not be achieved. While the government has implemented strategies and interventions to boost the sector, these do not seem to reverse the trend. Against this backdrop, we explore how social capital as a readily available resource can be tapped to enhance performance among the micro, small and medium manufacturing enterprises. The study employs relevant theories namely social capital theory, resource-based view, and dynamic capability, among others. The sample includes 384 ventures from a population of 61,931 licensed manufacturing businesses operating within Nairobi City County. Findings indicate that social capital positively and significantly predicted the performance of micro, small and medium manufacturing enterprises. No moderating effect was found in the link between social capital, operating environment and performance. The study recommends that management and policy interventions harness more and diverse networks to enable firms better manage changes within the operating environment without adverse impact on performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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27. Deindustrialization, Tertiarization and Suburbanization in Central and Eastern Europe. Lessons Learned from Bucharest City, Romania
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Radu Săgeată, Bianca Mitrică, Andreea-Loreta Cercleux, Ines Grigorescu, and Tamás Hardi
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deindustrialization ,tertiarization ,suburbanization ,commercial investments ,central and eastern Europe ,Romania ,Agriculture - Abstract
This paper intends to delve deeply into the current understanding of the ways in which the transition from a central-based economy to an economy relying on free competition has led to changes in the big urban centers, bringing about a change in the relationships with the suburban areas. The authors take into account the high population density, the lack of space, and the elevated price of land within the big cities, which leads to urban functions migrating beyond the administrative boundaries, thus favoring the process of suburbanization. Given the context, commercial forces shift, migrating from the center to the urban peripheries or even outside them. This research is based on a comprehensive process of participative investigation (2012–2022) in Bucharest, Romania’s capital city. The research relies on field investigation, statistical and quantitative analyses and bibliographical sources. The conclusions rely primarily on the idea that political changes cannot be separated from economic, cultural and environmental ones, highlighting globalizing flows and the development of big cities. Industrial activities, strongly developed within a central-based economy, have significantly declined, which is partly compensated for by the development of the tertiary sector and, in particular, of commercial services leading to a functional reconversion of the urban peripheries and of suburban areas. The conclusions suggest that it is very important to be highly careful regarding the dilemmas and challenges ensuing from uncontrolled urban growth; therefore, several measures of urban planning should be taken with a view to achieving a better cooperation between urban stakeholders and those from the metropolitan areas so as to attain some common objectives in infrastructure in order to reach an integrated regional development.
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- 2023
- Full Text
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28. Nafta and Mexico’s Economic Growth from a Gender Perspective
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Luis Rene Caceres
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Deindustrialization ,education.field_of_study ,Cointegration ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Population ,Balance of trade ,Tariff ,Dignity ,Economics ,Demographic economics ,Treaty ,education ,Productivity ,media_common - Abstract
This paper investigates the dynamics of Mexico’s economy after the signing of the NAFTA treaty. It is reported that Mexico, the United States and Canada have experienced low rates of economic growth as a result of the deindustrialization processes they have undergone, which has been a consequence of the tariff reductions. Tariff reduction has also affected employment, especially female industrial employment, with adverse consequences on domestic savings, trade balance and economic growth. Additional analysis is related to cointegration tests of the employment ratios, as well as to the existence of principal components among the three countries’ employment to population ratios. The paper investigates the effects of declining employment to population ratios in the three countries, reporting that in Mexico female employment has increased to compensate the declining tendencies of labor productivity and male employment ratio. The paper ends with a proposal regarding the launching of the North American Social and Dignity Pact.
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- 2021
29. Balance-of-Payments Constraints as the Key to Dependency: The Case of Argentina.
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Wainer, Andrés and Belloni, Paula
- Abstract
Considering the constraints to growth derived from the balance of payments and the external sector as the area in which the dependency of Latin American countries is most clearly expressed, application of the contributions of dependency theorists concerning external restrictions to growth in Argentina shows that the fate of surplus value in this economy is a key factor in the explanation of its dependent nature. Considerando las restricciones al crecimiento derivadas del balance de pagos y el sector externo como el ámbito donde se expresa más nítidamente la relación de dependencia, la aplicación de los aportes de la teoría de la dependencia referentes al problema de la restricción externa al crecimiento en la Argentina muestra que el destino que se le da al plusvalor en esta economía es un elemento clave para explicar su situación de dependencia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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30. THE BRAZILIAN DEINDUSTRIALIZATION THESIS REVISITED: A SUBSYSTEM APPROACH, 2000-2015.
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Morrone, Henrique, Giovanini, Adilson, and de Avila Berni, Duilio
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DEINDUSTRIALIZATION ,MANUFACTURING processes ,EMPLOYMENT ,SERVICE industries ,ECONOMIC activity ,VALUE added (Marketing) ,MANUFACTURING industries - Abstract
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- 2022
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31. Avoiding A Brazilian Detroit.
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Sims, Shannon, Lara, Leonardo, and Iglesias, Simone
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DEINDUSTRIALIZATION ,AUTOMOBILE industry ,MANUFACTURING industries ,INDUSTRIAL productivity ,PRODUCTION (Economic theory) ,LABOR organizing - Abstract
The article examines the premature deindustrialization in Brazil as the share of manufacturing to the economy continues to shrink while that of service industries is on the rise, triggered by the plant shutdown of automaker Ford in Sao Paulo in 2019. Topics discussed are impact of industry transition on well-paying jobs, stagnant productivity growth and diminished economic output exhibited by the manufacturing industry from 2000-2014, and role of radical unionization in driving out investments.
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- 2022
32. Empirical Study on Manufacturing Outward Foreign Direct Investment and Premature Deindustrialization
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Zheng, Yuming, Xue, Jun, and Xu, Yang
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deindustrialization ,manufacturing outward foreign direct investments ,import ,investment - Abstract
Based on the data of 283 cities in China from 2005 to 2017, this paper constructs a dynamic panel model to study the relationship between China’s manufacturing outward foreign direct investments and deindustrialization. The results show that the manufacturing outward foreign direct investment will accelerate deindustrialization on the whole, but this effect will be obviously various with the difference of source region, ownership, investment mode and investment motive. Further mechanism analysis found that manufacturing outward foreign direct investment mainly affects deindustrialization by influencing domestic investment and imports., 東南アジア研究年報 , 57, pp.17-32; 2022
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- 2022
33. Solving the restructuring problems of (former) old industrial regions with smart specialization? Conceptual thoughts and evidence from the Ruhr
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Matthias Kiese and Robert Hassink
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Deindustrialization ,Economics and Econometrics ,Restructuring ,Political science ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Specialization (functional) ,Economic geography ,Lagging ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Regional policy - Abstract
(Former) old industrial regions are a specific kind of lagging regions that suffer from long-term restructuring problems and deindustrialization. They are back in the focus of many researchers as well as media observers, because of the rise of populist parties in many of these regions in North America and Europe. Therefore, new policy options are discussed in the literature. In this paper, we critically discuss the effects of smart specialization as the most recent regional policy strategy in Europe on solving the restructuring problems and deindustrialization in (former) old industrial regions and we illustrate our analysis with a view on the Ruhr in Germany. Since smart specialization focuses on existing endogenous potential and entrepreneurial discovery processes from the region, vested interests in (former) old industrial regions might hinder necessary restructuring. Although potentially path transformation might be fostered in some cases, overall, smart specialization is certainly not a quick fix for solving long-term negative effects of restructuring and deindustrialization in (former) old industrial regions.
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- 2021
34. Sovereignty, industrialization and national integration: Wilson Cano and the Brazilian development mosaics
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Danilo Severian and Antonio Corrêa de Lacerda
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Deindustrialization ,Políticas de desenvolvimento regional ,Wilson ,Economic history and conditions ,Industry and territory ,HC10-1085 ,Regional development policies ,1937-2020 ,Regional inequalities in Brazil ,Economics as a science ,Desigualdades regionais no Brasil ,Cano ,Indústria e território ,Desindustrialização ,HB71-74 - Abstract
Resumo A obra de Wilson Cano perpassa diferentes aspectos do desenvolvimento econômico, tendo como centralidade a preocupação com a soberania nacional. O artigo traz uma leitura da produção intelectual de Cano destacando sua abordagem original sobre os aspectos regionais da industrialização brasileira e a importância que o complexo capitalista cafeeiro exerceu neste processo. Destaca e qualifica, ainda, os períodos de concentração e desconcentração da atividade industrial no território brasileiro em relação ao Centro-Sul, sobretudo quanto ao estado de São Paulo, e os efeitos deletérios que a reorientação do papel do Estado e a hegemonia das políticas de corte neoliberal exerceram sobre a dinâmica regional e a estrutura produtiva do país. Os sentidos que as políticas de corte regional assumem contemporaneamente também são tratados à luz do debate proposto por Wilson Cano, bem como as possibilidades de retomada do aparelho industrial no Brasil. Abstract The work of Wilson Cano analyzes different aspects of economic development, the central theme of which is national sovereignty. This paper provides an interpretation of Cano's intellectual production, highlighting his original approach to regional aspects of Brazilian industrialization and the importance of the capitalist complex of coffee in this process. It highlights and qualifies the periods of concentration and deconcentration of Brazilian industrial activities in relation to the Central-South region, especially as regards the state of São Paulo, and the deleterious effects that the reorientation of the role of the State and the hegemony of reducing neoliberal policies have on regional dynamics and the country's production structure. The current regional policies are also studied in light of the debate proposed by Wilson Cano, as well as the possibilities to recapture the industrial core in Brazil.
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- 2021
35. Central America’s Deindustrialization
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Sinha, Rishabh
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PRODUCTIVITY ,LABOR MARKET WEDGE ,DEINDUSTRIALIZATION ,GROWTH ,INDUSTRIAL TREND ,STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION ,TRADE ,INDUSTRIAL EMPLOYMENT - Abstract
The paper assembles and harmonizes sectoral data from several sources to study the industrial trends in six Central American economies. The industrial employment share contracted by 2.5 percentage points on average over the past two decades. This deindustrialization was not trade-driven in which economies substitute domestic production of industrial goods via cheaper imports. Instead, an increase in barriers restricting the efficient flow of labor across sectors drives this decline. Adopting policies that target such barriers can potentially deliver considerable industrial expansion. But the economic impact of this policy is likely to be marginal, with aggregate output increasing by 3 percent or less if barriers are eliminated. At the same time, this approach also carries several risks, and rather than reining in inefficiency might introduce new distortions making the economy more inefficient. Perhaps a more prudent growth strategy will be to concentrate on boosting productivity, which, although challenging, has a direct effect on output.
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- 2022
36. Analisis Transformasi Struktur Ekonomi 7 Provinsi di Wilayah Jawa dan Bali (Pendekatan LQ dan Shift Share)
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Haryanto
- Subjects
Deindustrialization ,Service (business) ,Labour economics ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Economic sector ,General Medicine ,Unemployment ,Specialization (functional) ,business ,Tertiary sector of the economy ,Productivity ,Shift-share analysis ,media_common - Abstract
This study is aimed to: (a) analyze changes in the economic structure of Java and Bali from 2010 to 2019, (b), understand to what extent the level of specialization of economic sectors in the Java and Bali Region that utilizes the base or the leading sector, and (c) understand on economic sectors that are growing progressively and have high competitiveness in the Java and Bali Regions. This study uses the LQ method and shift share analysis. Results show that the economy of Java-Bali from 2010 to 2019 did not experience much shift in the economic structure. In general, sectors that became the source of growth in 2010 in each province in Java-Bali remained the base sector/sources of growth in 2019. The shift share analysis shows that the Manufacturing sector in most provinces in Java-Bali is in quadrant III, which means that it grows slowly and its commodities lack of competitiveness. Meanwhile, the Communication and Information sector is mostly in quadrant II, which means this sector is growing progressively but lacks of competitiveness. Likewise with the Transportation and Warehousing sector, in most provinces this sector is able to grow progressively, but this sector lacks good competitiveness (quadrant II). On the other hand, the Service sectors in most provinces have grown progressively and have good competitiveness (quadrant I). The implication of this finding is the presence of symptoms of premature deindustrialization in Java-Bali, since the Services sector is growing faster, more progressive with a contribution to GDRP exceeds the Manufacturing sector, whereas the Manufacturing sector is not mature yet. Premature deindustrialization in Java-Bali has the potential to reduce job creation in the manufacturing sector and increase the risk of unemployment. Although the Service sector is growing progressively and competitively; However, if we look at the labor productivity, it appears that the labor productivity of the Service sector is much smaller than the labor productivity of the Manufacturing sector
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- 2021
37. La ciudad intermedia chilena como entorno urbano resiliente de la desindustrialización. El caso de Valdivia
- Author
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Virginia Arnet-Callealta
- Subjects
Resilience ,Deindustrialization ,Urban regeneration ,Resiliência ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Desindustrialización ,Regeneração urbana ,Escala intermediária ,Regeneración urbana ,Urban Studies ,Intermediate scale ,Escala intermedia ,Architecture ,Resiliencia ,Desindustrialização - Abstract
Resumen El presente escrito aborda las capacidades que las ciudades de escala intermedia presentan como entornos urbanos resilientes soportando los procesos socio-espaciales derivados de la desindustrialización de manera relevante, utilizando como ejemplo paradigmático la ciudad chilena de Valdivia. La idoneidad que presentan estos entornos urbanos de escala intermedia como el único nexo de intermediación entre los espacios metropolitanos de mayor escala y el ámbito rural, los transforma en elementos imprescindibles en la definición del nuevo panorama territorial chileno y, por tanto, en enclaves idóneos para la regeneración y revitalización tanto a nivel local como global. Asimismo, la atención depositada en las transformaciones y dinámicas económicas y sociales valdivianas en las últimas décadas, posiciona el caso de estudio como referente en la adaptación a las transformaciones, territoriales, económicas y socioespaciales tras la desindustrialización. Resumo Este artigo aborda as capacidades que cidades de escala intermediária apresentam como ambientes urbanos resilientes, apoiando os processos socioespaciais derivados da desindustrialização de forma relevante, usando a cidade chilena de Valdivia como um exemplo paradigmático. A adequação desses ambientes urbanos de escala intermediária como o único nexo intermediário entre os espaços metropolitanos de maior escala e as áreas rurais, torna-os elementos essenciais na definição do novo panorama territorial chileno e, portanto, enclaves ideais para regeneração e revitalização local e globalmente. Da mesma forma, a atenção dada às transformações e dinâmicas econômicas e sociais valdivianas nas últimas décadas, posiciona o estudo de caso como uma referência na adaptação às transformações territoriais, econômicas e socioespaciais após a desindustrialização. Abstract This paper addresses the capacities that cities of intermediate scale present as resilient urban environments, supporting the socio-spatial processes derived from deindustrialization in a relevant manner, using the Chilean city of Valdivia as a paradigmatic example. The suitability of these intermediate-scale urban environments as the only intermediary nexus between larger-scale metropolitan spaces and rural areas, makes them essential elements in the definition of the new Chilean territorial panorama and, therefore, ideal enclaves for regeneration and revitalization both locally and globally. Likewise, the attention placed on Valdivian economic and social transformations and dynamics in recent decades, positions the case study as a benchmark in adapting to territorial, economic and socio-spatial transformations after deindustrialization.
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- 2022
38. Patterns of Deindustrialization: Are Countries Converging?
- Author
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Fabrizio Ferretti, Michele Mariani, and Elena Sarti
- Subjects
clubs ,deindustrialization ,manufacturing ,convergence ,General Medicine ,ordered logit ,convergence, clubs, deindustrialization, manufacturing, ordered logit - Abstract
During the last decades, the share of manufacturing in aggregate output (and employment) has declined in almost all advanced and emerging economies. In this paper, we investigated the patterns of deindustrialization in a sample of 117 (low-, middle-, and high-income) countries from 1995 to 2018. To this aim, we applied the nonlinear time-varying factor model, initially proposed by Phillips and Sul, to identify potential clubs wherein groups of countries converge toward a similar manufacturing share of GDP. Furthermore, we estimated an ordered logit model to assess the impact of economic globalization and technological revolution on the probability of falling into a particular club. Our results did not provide any support for the hypothesis of global convergence. However, the clustering algorithm successfully identified four strong final clubs, where the share of manufacturing on GDP ranges, on average, from 6% to 18%. Finally, the logit model indicated that as the R&D expenditures and the technological content of manufactured goods increased, so did the likelihood of belonging to a club with a high share of manufacturing value-added on GDP.
- Published
- 2022
39. Productive internationalization and structural regression of Mexico in the international division of labor (1995-2019)
- Author
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García Hernández, Marisela, 1969, Mota, Fernando Cezar de Macedo, 1969, Conti, Bruno Martarello de, 1982, Breda, Diógenes Moura, Jaén Jiménez, Bernardo, Sampaio Junior, Plinio Soares de Arruda, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Instituto de Economia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Econômico, and UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS
- Subjects
Divisão internacional do trabalho ,Globalization - Mexico ,Deindustrialization ,Global value chains ,International division of labor ,Desindustrialização ,Globalizaçao - México ,Cadeias globais de valor - Abstract
Orientadores: Fernando Cézar de Macedo Mota, Bruno Martarello de Conti Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho é pesquisar a importância do novo padrão de internacionalização produtiva na reconfiguração da indústria mexicana no período 1995-2019, assim como suas consequências para o reposicionamento do México na Divisão Internacional do Trabalho. Esta investigação defende que, diferentemente do primeiro ciclo de trasnacionalização produtiva no qual o capital estrangeiro serviu como aliado da diversificação do tecido industrial, os dinamismos contemporâneos do investimento estrangeiro direto, materializados na incorporação do país asteca às cadeias industriais de valor, agiram no sentido da desarticulação do núcleo central da industrialização, assim como da externalização do centro dinâmico da economia desse país. Estes processos conduziram à desindustrialização do México e, portanto, à retirada da base material que permite controlar o destino de uma nação. Entendemos que a vulnerabilidade da indústria mexicana diante da nova fase de trasnacionalização produtiva encontra um de seus condicionantes históricos na substantiva presença da empresa transnacional no conjunto da economia, em particular no departamento de bens de capital, durante o processo de substituição de importações. Assim, a nova configuração das forças produtivas do país asteca, observada claramente a partir da década de 1990, resultou em um processo simultâneo de maior integração transnacional e de desindustrialização, rebaixando o posicionamento desse país na Divisão Internacional do Trabalho Abstract: The objective of this paper is to research the importance of the new pattern of productive internationalization in the reconfiguration of Mexican industry in the period 1995-2019, as well as its consequences for Mexico's repositioning in the International Division of Labor. This research argues that, unlike the first cycle of productive transnationalization in which foreign capital served as an ally of the diversification of the industrial fabric, the contemporary dynamics of foreign direct investment, materialized in the incorporation of the Aztec country into industrial value chains, acted towards the disarticulation of the central core of industrialization, as well as the externalization of the dynamic center of that country's economy. These processes have led to the deindustrialization of Mexico and, therefore, the removal of the material base that allows one to control the destiny of a nation. We understand that the vulnerability of Mexican industry in the face of the new phase of productive transnationalization finds one of its historical conditioning factors in the substantial presence of the transnational company in the economy as a whole, particularly in the capital goods department, during the import substitution process. Thus, the new configuration of productive forces in the Aztec country, clearly observed since the 1990s, resulted in a simultaneous process of greater transnational integration and deindustrialization, lowering the country's position in the International Division of Labor Doutorado Desenvolvimento Regional e Urbano Doutora em Desenvolvimento Econômico
- Published
- 2022
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