Search

Renewable energy sources (RESs) offer key transformative potential from a societal point of view due to their modularity and ability to generate energy at the local level, allowing for the development of grassroots democratic and participatory initiatives. The paper aims to share insights into the processes of creating RES cooperatives in Poland. One of the first cooperatives to be established in the Upper Silesian region in Poland was the energy cooperative (EC) "Our Energy". This study presents an in-depth empirical analysis of a community-based renewable energy cooperative. The study employed a case study methodology, including a SWOT analysis framework, to describe the research subject and identify its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Key findings indicate that members benefit from stable energy prices and full recovery of the energy produced, and the cooperative is at the forefront of energy-sharing practices that minimize costs through direct transactions with the local municipality. The strategic goals of the EC focus on expanding membership, increasing the number of photovoltaic installations, implementing energy balancing, combating energy poverty, and reducing emissions. Challenges such as financial constraints and a lack of real-time monitoring of energy distribution are acknowledged, and carbon footprint reduction innovations and stakeholder engagement are highlighted as forward-looking approaches. The study highlights the role of cooperatives as a model for community-led sustainable energy initiatives. However, the study acknowledges the limitations of its small sample size, suggesting the need for broader research to understand the impact of collaborative energy on decarbonization. Future research directions are proposed, focusing on the long-term sustainability and socioeconomic impacts of energy cooperatives. This study contributes to the scholarly discourse on renewable energy cooperatives by offering insight into their potential to bridge the gap between energy producers and consumers and support sustainable community development. The main novelty of this paper lies in its detailed examination of a specific renewable energy cooperative, incorporating SWOT analysis, stakeholder perspectives, quantitative assessments, and a forward-thinking approach. This multifaceted analysis contributes to the existing literature on renewable energy initiatives, providing a valuable reference for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green hydrogen is a clean and renewable energy source that has the potential to play a major role in decarbonizing the global economy. Green hydrogen has become a promising decarbonization strategy for several industries, including transportation and manufacturing. The widespread use of green hydrogen technology still confronts several obstacles, such as high costs, a lack of infrastructure, and regulatory restrictions. The paper commences by examining the potential of green hydrogen production in MENA countries with a specific emphasis on Egypt as best practice example. It proceeds to identify the key drivers that will shape future scenarios of green hydrogen and outlines the best and worst-case scenarios for green hydrogen in MENA region by 2050. Through scenario analysis, the paper presents potential pathways for green hydrogen deployment in Egypt and the wider MENA countries, highlighting key drivers and potential barriers. According to the findings, Egypt emerges as pivotal player in driving the deployment of green hydrogen within the MENA region. The MENA region, rich in solar and wind resources and strategically located, emerges as a potent hub for green hydrogen production. Egypt, in particular, is at the forefront of this initiative, aiming to become a key exporter in the global hydrogen economy by leveraging its renewable resources, strategic projects, and conducive investment environment. The study employs a multifaceted methodology, integrating PEST analysis and identifying key drivers like renewable targets and technological advancements to assess green hydrogen’s potential in the MENA region, focusing on Egypt. It constructs best- and worst-case scenarios by 2050, utilizing these drivers to evaluate the implications of various influencing factors. In the best-case scenario, by 2050, Egypt aspires to be a pivotal player in the global green hydrogen economy, aiming for up to 8% market share. Through strategic investments, policy enhancements, and global partnerships, Egypt plans to become a major exporter, particularly to the European Union, aligning with global decarbonization goals. Comprehensive strategies are expected to drive economic prosperity, potentially increasing Egypt's GDP by $10-18 billion by 2025. Collaborations with global entities have fostered a robust infrastructure, enabling an integrated ecosystem for green hydrogen innovation and production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the operation of electrical, heat and gas networks with flexible energy hubs is presented, where hubs is contributed in energy market that is based on market clearing price. This scheme maximizes the difference between energy hubs profit and operation cost of generation units subjected to operation model of sources, storages and responsible load in hub format, flexibility limits of hubs, and optimal power flow model of energy networks. This formulation is based on market clearing price model, so that it obtain value of energy price according to balancing between the generation and demand in different buses if energy networks. Penalty function method in this paper uses to calculate of primal variables and some dual variables (energy prices). In the following, the stochastic optimization uses to model the uncertainties of load and renewable power. Finally, the obtained numerical results show the capabilities of the proposed scheme in the improving flexibility and economic situations of hubs. Also, optimal operation of hubs is able to improve the economic and operation induces of energy networks in comparison to load flow study, and it improves the social welfare based on reducing of energy price. So that 100% flexibility condition obtains for Hubs. In this condition, the operation cost, energy loss, voltage drop and temperature drop are reduced about to 19.8%, 7.1%, 19.5% and 16.7%, respectively, with respect to load flow analysis, but the pressure drop increases about to 4.9%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last decade, there has been a lot of focus on sustainable development in the electrical power industry to meet the growing energy demand. This has led to an increase in the integration of renewable energy sources (RES). In addition to being abundantly available, the RES offers advantages such as low environmental impact and increased social development of rural communities which are imperative for a sustainable society. However, the selection of a particular generating resource or resource mix (RM) for an autonomous micro-grid is a complex problem that involves multiple conflicting factors. In this paper, a planning strategy for selecting an appropriate RM has been proposed. Seven RMs comprising different combinations of four generation/storage technologies such as solar photovoltaic array (SPVA), wind turbine (WT), diesel generator (DG) and battery storage (BS) have been considered. The planning is initiated with the determination of optimal component sizing for all seven RMs. The RMs are then analyzed with respect to four primary sustainability parameters i.e. economic, social, technical and environmental. The analysis is further enhanced by investigation of 13 sub-parameters as well. Thereafter, prioritization of RMs is carried out using two MCDM methods: Best worst method (BWM) and PROMETHEE II. Finally, to assert the importance of weight assignment on RM ranking, sensitivity analysis is performed. In order to impart the practical aspect to analysis, the planning formulation is applied to a case study of the Thar desert, India. The results suggest that a combination of SPVA and BS provides the most optimum RM solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global Sustainable Development Goals require meeting multiple objectives on energy, population, economics, and ecosystems. Development and economic growth as defined by current metrics requires energy inputs, yet energy growth can also increase negative impacts on natural systems. To achieve sustainable development goals, policymakers and technologists will need energy system solutions that consider not only cost and efficiency but also population, quality of life, natural ecosystems, and culture that accommodates different starting points and transition timelines of various countries. To explore possible approaches, this perspectives paper summarizes energy in the context of economic growth and population, illustrating concepts through the diverse status and direction of three countries--Japan, the United States, and Bangladesh--as potential views into a post-growth sustainable future. Four fundamental questions on long-termenergy development are identified, related to optimal energy use per capita, sustainable global energy demand, managing an energy transition with stable population, and the need for generalizable approaches across countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the nexus amid renewable energy, non-renewable energy consumption, CO2 emissions and economic growth in South Africa. VECM and Granger causality approach were employed in the paper. Empirical result suggested that carbon emissions granger cause GDPC uni-directionally. Essentially, From the various empirical estimation, it is discovered that CO2 has a positive impact on GDPC in the study. This shows that disregarding the ecological contamination cause by CO2 that animate the GDPC, which make it challenging for severe measure by government to control fossil fuel byproduct cause by non-environmentally friendly power in the framework. REN shows causality with GDPC in one direction, and that implies REN accessibility move with growth in GDPC. Since the review assessment results likewise exhibit that CO2 has a causality with economic growth in SA. The public authority needs to intiate severe guideline with respect to weighty fossil fuel byproduct innovation this would empower the turn of events and execution of more powerful and low-carbon innovation across all enterprises, eventually advancing economic growth in SA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to investigate the effect of financial development and renewable energy consumption on consumption‐based CO2 emissions in Chile while controlling for economic growth and electricity consumption. Based on the aim of the paper, autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds with Kripfganz and Schneider's (2018) approximations, fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS), dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS), and gradual shift causality tests are applied in this study. The outcomes clearly reveal that while financial development and renewable energy consumption reduce the consumption‐based CO2 emissions in Chile, economic growth and electricity consumption increase consumption‐based carbon emissions. The gradual shift causality test provides consistent results with ARDL, FMOLS, and DOLS estimators. Therefore, policymakers in Chile should dynamically encourage the research and development of low‐carbon technologies and renewable energy investments while imported nonrenewable energy sources level should be targeted, and especially those sectors which are more energy‐intensive and causing to increase in consumption‐based CO2 emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The production of e-fuels is mainly based on the synthesis processes of green hydrogen produced by the electrolysis of water (using renewable energy sources) and carbon dioxide (CO2) which can be captured from a concentrated source (fumes of an industrial site), from the air (through Direct Air Capture, DAC solutions) or by exploiting the CO2 of biogenic origin deriving from the production of biofuels. E-fuels can be considered climateneutral fuels since the production process don't release incremental CO2 and, thanks to their compatibility with internal combustion engines, they can be used to power road vehicles, airplanes and ships, helping to decarbonise the transport sector. E-fuels have an energy density much higher than that of batteries and therefore allow for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in transport, while preserving the current circulating fleet of vehicles. It is also possible to continue to use the transport, distribution and sales infrastructures nowadays in use for current liquid fuels as they are also perfectly compatible with e-fuels. The project presented in this paper aimed to define the technical-economic parameters of a demonstrative pilot plant, able to produce sufficient quantities of e-fuels (Fischer-Tropsch) to carry out performance tests, as well as to evaluate the technical and economic potential for a future development in the Italian energy landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, sustainability plays an increasingly important role in the development and operation of innovation ecosystems. The subject of the investigation is the ZalaZONE Park - innovation ecosystem (not an ecosystem from a biological point of view, but rather an economic aspect), where the proximity of the ZalaZONE test track justifies making the operating system more sustainable. The main goal of the study is to develop a scientifically based, sustainable system model for the environmental, economic, and social balance of innovation ecosystem processes. This requires a combination of technological openness and sensitivity, the ability to respond quickly, the appropriate basic energy concept, and the objective-oriented system-level combination of these. The authors take the sustainability issues of innovation ecosystems one by one and then examine the questions of the development of the model through the importance and actuality of megatrends, keeping in mind the area of "zero emissions". As a result of the research, a sustainable energy basic model concept was created, which takes into account the complex factors on the basis of which the ZalaZONE park operates. This is important because the model examines the Park from an environmental point of view in a novel approach, highlighting the importance of moving towards zero emissions, as well as its impact on economic and social aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The European Union (EU) is committed to decarbonising its economy by 2050. To that end, significant reductions in greenhouse gases from the energy and agricultural sectors are of critical importance. However, while the EU member states each pursue a different climate strategy, all member states' emissions are regulated by EU climate law. This paper investigates the factors explaining carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the 27 member countries, using fully modified least squares (FMOLS) and quantile regression models. Before estimations, panel unit root and cointegration tests have been used for the period 1990-2018. The applied model examines the impact of economic growth, energy intensity, renewable energy consumption and agricultural trade on carbon dioxide emissions. Estimates have shown that the intensification of energy stimulates carbon emissions. Economic growth indicates an increase in carbon emissions. The results reveal that agricultural trade decreases carbon dioxide emissions in the EU, highlighting that intra EU trade is more environmentally friendly. Finally, the impact of renewable energy is limited to contributing to climate mitigation goals by reducing emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Renewable energy (RE) can play a vital role in ensuring a sustainable energy platform for the future, and in addressing climate change. Investment in RE in the upper middle-income countries (UMICs), which are a major contributor to global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, can be an important recovery strategy for mitigating climate change damage. Existing literature suggests that governance (also referred to as 'institutional quality') is an important determinant of renewable energy investment (RE investment). Yet, governance conditions in UMICs have remained almost unchanged in the recent past, despite the substantive increases in income levels and investment in the RE sector. This paper outlines an investigation into the role of governance in RE investment in UMICs and considers whether the influence of governance on RE investment depends on a country's income level. This analysis used pooled ordinary least squares (OLS), panel-corrected standard errors and panel-fixed effects models to evaluate data from 35 UMICs, from 1996 to 2017. The results suggest that good governance raises RE investment in UMICs. In particular, the control of corruption, government effectiveness, regulatory quality and rule of law are statistically significant aspects of good governance that boost RE investment. However, this effect is conditional on the level of economic development (income level) of a country. The marginal effect of governance on RE investment is larger in lower income countries and vice versa. Among the controls, trade openness in UMICs is predicted to have an adverse impact on RE investment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Renewable energy deployment through distributed energy resources is among the central goals of future power systems. Microgrids have proven to be an economically viable solution for distributed energy resources' integration into the power system and benefits customers with uninterrupted power supply. In this context, provisional microgrids have been introduced with the main goal of rapid renewable energy resource deployment. Since a considerable portion of renewable energy resources, as well as residential loads, are DC, and this portion is expected to grow even further, hybrid AC/DC design of provisional microgrids can improve both efficiency and economic benefit through an optimal arrangement of AC/DC feeders and converters. This paper presents a planning model for hybrid provisional microgrids considering the long-term influence of energy storage and the aging process of converters on economic revenues. Due to several intrinsic uncertainties involved in provisional microgrid operation, robust optimization is applied to the problem to ensure optimality under worst-case conditions. Results show the economic benefits of a hybrid provisional microgrid compared to a provisional microgrid and independent microgrid. Several sensitivity analyses are carried out to identify critical factors in planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Renewable energy consumption has gained growing importance in the world energy consumption portfolio over recent years. One of the reasons is the increasingly negative development of climate change. The research carried out in this paper aims to discern whether the examined economic indicator (GDP per capita) and the environmental indicator (CO2 emissions per capita) affect the renewable energy consumption in the region of the Visegrad Group (V4 - Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovak Republic) countries, and to draw implications for public administration in the given issue. The fixed effects panel regression model was used to verify the mentioned relationships between variables from 1990-2020. The results show that the level of the share of renewable energy consumption on the total energy consumption in the region of the V4 countries can be affected by the GDP per capita (positive relationship validated) and the CO2 emissions per capita (negative relationship validated). These results are mostly in line with the findings of other researchers conducted on different samples of countries, although some differences can be noted, especially regarding the direction of the relationship. The implications of the research results are presented on three levels: practical implications for the business sector, emphasis placed on political implications for public administration, and theoretical implications that lay the foundation for further research. The main limitation of the research results comes from the sample used in V4 countries and, thus, from the limited possibilities of generalizing the results. The direction of further research in the addressed issue will include a larger number of countries in the research and the use of various quantitative and qualitative research methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper outlines the development of an integrated resource network that comprises an energy supply chain, a polygeneration hub for combined heat, power, and absorption refrigeration system, to meet demand for heating, cooling, and electricity generation. The method adopted involves a 3-layered superstructure where the first layer comprises a supply chain network of seasonal renewable and non-renewable energy sources which are connected to the second layer through transport modes such as rail, road, and pipeline. The second layer comprises the polygeneration hub which plays host to technologies such as a boiler for generating high pressure steam, turbines for generating power, and an absorption refrigeration system for water cooling. The third layer of the superstructure, which is connected to the second layer through pipelines and transmission cables, comprises the heat exchanger network of a process plant. The solution of the developed model, which is a mixed integer non-linear program, is evaluated using economics and environmental impact and is solved using the goal method of multi-objective optimisation. In the hypothetical case study investigated, the model showed a higher preference for renewable energy when environmental impact was considered as the only objective to be minimised, while coal was selected when economics was the only objective minimised and when both objectives were simultaneously minimised with an equal weighting. In addition, the cost minimisation scenario resulted in fewer heat exchangers being selected than in the environmental and multi-objective optimisation scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the utility system of the pyrolysis unit of a polymer plant and assesses the decarbonization options of the utility system. The method is based on an integrated approach that includes a steady-state digital twin (SSDT) of investigated process and an update of the existing steam cascade to apply renewable energy and power-to-x. Pyrolysis gas composition was obtained from online analyzers and simulated in a UniSim environment. The simulation model of the whole process, from pyrolysis of liquid feedstock to final monomer separation, was developed and verified on plant data. The energy-saving potential was assessed based on SSDT, and energy-saving measures were proposed. The updated steam cascade of the investigated process was developed, and decarbonization options accounting for steam generation and waste heat utilization were proposed. The final solution gives the energy targets for e-boilers and low-grad heat for Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current energy structure of most economies must be upgraded to a renewable energy source (RES) to help mitigate ecological dilapidation and achieve sustainable development goals. The transition to RES has recently received attention from energy experts, international bodies and environmental scientists. However, there is contrasting evidence on what factors affect the evolution and deployment of RES, especially from the perspective of emerging African economies. Hence, the current analysis sought to explore the influence of economic development (ECD), carbon emission (CEM), human capital (HUC), financial development (FID), and the country's risk factors, such as political risk (POR) and institutional quality (INQ) on the development of RES. The research employed a panel dataset from 1990 to 2020 and used the newest estimation approach of Cross-Sectional Augmented autoregressive Distributed Lag (CS-ARDL) to establish the long-run connection among the variables. The study confirmed the prevalence of the "energy-led ECD hypothesis". In addition, the empirical findings indicated that RES deployment could be facilitated through ECD, CEM, FID and HUC. Moreover, the country's risk factors, which include POR and INQ, had an inverse connection with the deployment of RES. Lastly, there is a unidirectional causality between CEM, FID, HUC, INQ and RES, while a directional causality exists between ECD, POR and RES. The paper highlights a variety of policy angles to help with the expansion of RES in emerging regions. • The study confirmed the prevalence of the "energy-led ECD hypothesis. • RES deployment could be facilitated through ECD, CEM, FID and HUC. • POR and INQ, had an inverse connection with the deployment of RES. • A directional causality exists between ECD, POR and RES. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of this study is conditioned upon the wide spread of alternative energy sources around the world and in Ukraine, as well as the need for theoretical development and practical implementation of modern methods for establishing non-standard energy mechanisms in Ukraine and in the world. The main purpose of this study was to analyse key trends in the development of alternative energy in Ukraine and the world in the current socio-economic conditions. The methodological approach in this paper was based on a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods of research on issues related to the analysis of key growth vectors of non-standard methods of energy production in modern conditions. During this study, results were obtained that indicate the existence of a clearly structured interrelation between the degree of development of alternative energy sources and the types of fuel used in them, including the presence of prospects for the development of alternative energy sources in the conditions of modern Ukraine, provided the high-quality investment support for projects that are being implemented for the development of alternative energy. The results obtained in this study, as well as the conclusions formulated on their basis, are of significant practical importance for various branches of Ukrainian and world industry, the real technological capabilities of which allow the use of renewable energy sources for their ability to meet the life needs of all types of industrial enterprises, for their further full functioning and solving any technological problems facing these enterprises [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The International Energy Agency (2019) states 40% of CO2 emissions in cities are linked to the buildings stock, in particular to heating and cooling systems, material types and users’ performance. According to Green New Deal, the energy transition of buildings is becoming a priority. This is via investments with low environmental impacts through renewable energy sources. The paper describes an integrated economic-energy-environmental framework (IE³F), i.e., an economic evaluation protocol for new constructions and/or existing renewal projects aimed at supporting the choice phase between alternative technological solutions based on biocompatible materials. The IE³F borrows the logical-operative flow of the life cycle assessment multi-criteria approach. The value aspects translated into monetary terms that characterize the project life cycle are taken into account. The protocol was tested on an emergency project in Italy, namely in Messina City. The results obtained provide evidence of the versatile use of IE³F and its practical utility to guide economic convenience judgements on building investments and choice problems between alternatives in sustainable perspective. The research deepening will be about keeping track of multiple performance levels of the construction, not only the energy performance, and attempting to estimate the corresponding economic value in terms of increase/decrease of construction cost value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The South African Renewable Independent Power Producer Procurement Programme selects bid winners based on bid tariff (70% weighting) and various economic development criteria (30% weighting). Locating renewable energy (RE) projects in areas with better resources increases their cost competitiveness. As a result, most successful bids for wind and solar photovoltaic (PV) systems to date have been concentrated in the Eastern Cape and Northern Cape provinces, respectively. Studies have shown that a wider geographic distribution of wind and solar PV projects mitigates the impacts of the variability of wind and solar PV resources, eases grid congestion and generally improves the power system's operation. This paper conducts a literature review to investigate the procurement methods used in different regions of the world to influence the placement of RE plants, the results of which then inform proposals on adjustments to the current REI4P. The study finds that, after congestion incidents due to concentration of RE plants, some regions implement location-based tariff, where high-resource areas receive the lowest tariff and vice versa. Other regions prioritise on building transmission infrastructure in high-resource areas, while others limit the size of RE installations in one area. Given the current generation and transmission constraints in South Africa, it is important to encourage geographical dispersion of RE plants and avoid RE curtailment, since this can escalate the cost of RE integration significantly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rising concern towards climate change, developing countries are moving towards Renewable Energy sources. By promoting the use of renewable energy, we can enhance the sustainable environment for livelihood and assist in economic growth. This paper focuses on the role of renewable energy in the economic growth of India. It focuses on the government policy framework for renewable energy development and its reflections on the increase in the economic growth of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the world struggles with pressing issues like climate change and sustainable development, affecting health outcomes and environmental quality, the Nordic regionsare at the forefront of major global challenges. This paper investigates the role of human capital, renewable energy use, tourism, natural resources, and economic growth in shaping life in the Nordic region i.e., Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Iceland).Utilizing panel data spanning from 1990 to 2020, the Driscoll and Kraay standard error (DSK) technique is employed to analyze this intricate interplay. The study reveals that in the Nordic context, sustainable economic growth, bolstered by investments in human capital and the widespread acceptance of renewable energy sources, has been positively associated with increased life expectancies. Furthermore, prudent management of natural resources has helped mitigate adverse health effects related to depletion, maintaining environmental and public health standards. The thriving tourism industry has also been shown to influence lifespan in this region positively. On the contrary, the empirical finding contended that an adverse correlation exists between carbon emissions and LEX. This research underscores the importance of a comprehensive and balanced approach that considers economic development, sustainable development, and public health in pursuing longer and healthier lives, providing valuable insights for policymakers and regions seeking to replicate these positive outcomes.The findings of this study are both conceptually reliable and empirically robust, providing important insights for the formulation of environmental and health policy. • Sustainable economic growth, bolstered by investments in human capital positively increases life expectancies. • Environmental problems account for 23 percent of global mortality. • The study examined the long-run connection between ECG, CEM, NRR, TOU, HUC, REU, and LEX among the Nordic Regions. • Grossman's healthcare model influences health economics, explaining people's choices for a better demand of healthcare services • Cross-sectional Dependency Test, slope homogeneity test (SHT), adopting the Driscoll-Kraay Standardized (DSK) panel estimation approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The EU has committed to make Europe the first climate-neutral continent by 2050. Reaching this objective requires massive changes in the region. The biggest challenge is that the green transition happens without sacrificing economic progress and guaranteeing justice and inclusiveness. This pledge implies that every country be capable of addressing the trade-offs between targets while remaining committed towards the common decarbonisation goal. Our paper analyses the success with which countries are carrying out the energy transition. We propose an enhanced hyperbolic distance function and a stochastic frontier analysis approach to model the joint attainment of economic development, environmental sustainability, and energy equity. We apply our model to an unbalanced panel dataset of 29 European countries for the period 2005–2018. Our estimates show that the average performance of the economies has improved over time. The results also highlight the pivotal role of a sustainable economic development with clean energies for both slashing CO 2 emissions and fostering energy equity. Moreover, we find convergence in countries' performance, being this convergence slightly higher for the EU-15 countries compared to the rest. Finally, we show that a higher share of renewable energy sources helps countries that are lagging behind to reach their optimal performance level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate relationship between foreign direct investment and economic growth for MENA countries from 1990 to 2014. We firstly tested heterogeneity and cross sectional dependence and found that all series have homogeneity and cross sectional dependence. For that reason, Hadri Kruzomi and Pesaran et al. Multifactor Error Structure panel unit root tests were used. For obtaining long-run relationship, we used Weterlund's panel and group cointegration tests. The results supported the long-run relationship, therefore, we used Common Correlated Effect Model, thanks to this method, and coefficients for each cross-section unit could be calculated individually. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research investigates the effects of tourism, GDP per capita, renewable energy, energy intensity, urbanization, and population on the environment in 40 Asian countries. Data from 1995 to 2019 are used in this analysis. Slope heterogeneity (SH), cross-sectional dependency (CSD), and the combination of level and first differenced stationary are all addressed using a new cross-sectionally autoregressive distributed lag (CS-ARDL) model in this work. Using Westerlund's cointegration method, these variables can be connected throughout time. To validate the findings, both augmented mean groups (AMG) and Common correlated effect mean groups (CCEMG) were utilized. The study results indicate that tourism helps slow the degradation of the natural environment. CO2 emissions increase as a result of variables such as population growth, energy use, and economic development. Only tourism and renewable energy can help cut CO2 emissions. As a consequence, CS-ARDL results are supported by results from AMG and CCEMG tests. Policymakers may be encouraged countries to adopt renewable energy and foster the expansion of the sustainable tourism industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There has been a shift in focus toward environmentally and economically sustainable forms of economic growth known as High-quality economic development (HQED). However, this study analyzes the impact of tourism development (TD) and renewable energy consumption on HQED in 30 provinces of China, while covering the time period from 2007 to 2021. TD and HQED has been measured with help of Global Moran Index. This study has used dynamic spatial Durbin model (SDM) to measure the dynamic impact of TD index and renewable energy consumption on HQED along with green finance, foreign direct investment and investment in education. The findings from empirical analysis shows that TD has negative impact on HQED and in more developed regions, the relationship is positive, while in the less developed western part of China, the U-shape has been reversed. Central and northeastern China have a U-shaped connection, while it has been noticed the interaction term of TD and renewable energy endorses HQED. In addition, renewable energy consumption, green finance and increase in education investment have positive and significant impact on HQED while foreign direct investment has negative impact on HQED in China. Therefore, in the light of this study policymakers should focus on the quality of tourism industry, green finance for renewable energy supply and enhancing education investment in China to attain the goal of HQED. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Theoretical background: The studies on the links between renewable energy consumption and economic growth are of great interest. A search of the literature on the subject reveals a diversity of studies in many respects, including but not limited to the search for a unidirectional or reciprocal relationship. The results of the studies often vary depending on the research method used and the period of analysis, which determines subsequent attempts to understand the issue. Purpose of the article: The aim of this article is to determine the relationship between the consumption of renewable energy sources and economic growth in European Union member states between 2004 and 2020. Research methods: The study was based on the data from the Eurostat database for the period 2004–2020. The study made use of data normalization using the min-max method. The linear regression method was used to assess the relationship between GDP per capita and the electricity indicators available for final consumption and renewable energy sources. Main findings: The study did not find a significant trend between renewable energy consumption and economic growth. However, this fact cannot be taken as establishing the absence of a relationship between the two indicators. Although no strong correlation was observed, some interactions are visible depending on the EU member state, which entitles us to partially confirm the research hypothesis. The differences between the groups of EU-15 and EU-10 countries are not distinct, and extending the set of monitored variables (i.e. carrying out modelling for EU-27 countries) does not have a significant impact on the results of the study, which are similar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent developments in disruptive technologies along with the cost reduction of photovoltaics have been transforming business models in the electricity sector worldwide. The rise of prosumers has led to a more decentralized and open local green energy market through the emergence of peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading, where consumers and prosumers can buy or sell electricity through an online trading platform. P2P energy trading has the potential to make green energy more accessible at the local level, provide a customer choice that aligns with community values, and promote the use of renewable energy (RE) for local consumption. Although P2P energy trading has already been adopted in some countries, its implementation remains challenging in other countries, including Thailand. In this work, we investigated the drivers and challenges of implementing P2P energy trading in Thailand based on the perspectives of P2P energy trading pilot project developers participating in the regulatory sandbox program. A strategic framework was used to identify the respondents' standpoints on the political, economic, social, technological, legal, and environmental (PESTLE) factors that can influence the implementation of P2P energy trading. This can help businesses, policymakers, and regulators better understand drivers and barriers of P2P energy trading, which is a potential local energy market. This paper also provides policy recommendations for regulatory changes for the future development of P2P energy trading, including opening a third-party access (TPA) regime, enabling a liberalized market in the electricity market, and integrating the role and responsibilities of the prosumer for P2P energy trading into existing law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainable energy development (SED) is a crucial component of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), aiming to maintain economic and social progress while protecting the environment and mitigating climate change's effects. SED serves as a transition paradigm for sustainable development, providing a blueprint for energy peace and prosperity for people and all uses. This article presents the history of SED and then uses a critical discourse approach to summarize existing review studies in SED. Ten interlinked themes of SED are identified, with two of them considered to be among the least studied in existing SED reviews and in the current global discussion around climate change. This study explores these two themes, which include energy financing and the need for 100% renewable energy (RE), a sub-theme of decarbonization strategy working towards the 1.5–2.0 °C scenario. The study suggests that the current G20 countries' contributions, if maintained continuously per annum, in addition to 80% more funding from private investment compared to the amount in the 1.5 °C scenario financial requirements for clean energy, are sufficient to limit global warming. In addition to the present drive for 100% RE, the article also discusses emerging issues, such as energy storage options with an indication of hydrogen as the most promising, other energy-related development agendas, and the need for regional security stability to prevent energy wars. Selected SED decarbonization strategies are presented across the power, transport, building, and industrial sectors. The study concludes with progress and directions for future research, mainly the need for re-defining nationally determined contribution (NDC) through an emissions budgeting and centralized global or regional emissions stock-taking strategy working towards the 1.5 °C scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainable economic growth and environmental degradation are two concerns confronting humanity. Saudi Arabia has seen a dramatic rise in its atmospheric carbon emissions during the last three decades. From 1995 to 2020, this research uses the decoupling index and vector error correction model technique to reveal the variables influencing CO2 emissions in Saudi Arabia. This research aims to empirically analyze the causal factors that link carbon emissions, energy use, economic growth, and internet usage. The big priority of this research is to use various techniques and methodologies to examine the cointegration and long- and short-run relationships between macroeconomic variables and stock price. According to the augmented Dickey–Fuller unit root test results, the main series is stationary in the first difference but non-stationary at the level. According to Johansen's cointegration study, both relations between the variables exist in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The VEC model's outcome shows that internet use significantly contributes to rising greenhouse gas emissions. When creating strategies for economic growth to achieve sustainable development, policymakers must consider climate change. This may be accomplished by implementing a new policy to switch from conventional to renewable energy sources, emphasizing increased energy efficiency, or reorganizing the energy sector to influence the rise in greenhouse gas emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy is a very essential indicator for the sustainable development and economic growth of any country. Pakistan heavily relies on imported fossil fuels; their excessive use contributes to environmental pollution. According to the National Electric Power Regulatory Authority, Pakistan produces 63% of its electricity from fossil fuels. The world is now shifting towards renewable energy sources such as biomass, wind energy, solar energy, ocean energy, hydropower, and geothermal energy. At present, Pakistan fulfills 5.4% of its energy demand from renewable energy sources, including biomass, wind, and sun, and 25% from hydropower. Due to economic and political challenges, the country is facing a severe energy deficit (7000 MW). By 2030, Pakistan plans to fulfill 30% of its energy demand from renewable sources. The untapped potential of energy from renewable sources in Pakistan is nearly 60,000 MW from hydropower, 40,000 MW from sun, 346,000 MW from wind. To address the escalating energy demands and bridge the energy deficit, Pakistan must intensify its efforts in harnessing renewable energy resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In response to the mounting risks posed by climate change, innovation and mitigation of pollution have emerged as key drivers of sustainable growth and the environment. This research aims to explore the effect of economic complexity and financial risk on the load capacity factor. The research employed a series of second‐generation techniques such as a method of moment quantile regression and Dumitrescu Hurlin panel causality covering the period between 1990 and 2018. The findings provided convincing evidence of cointegration. The long‐run analysis showed that renewable energy use, economic complexity and financial risk contribute to ecological quality. However, non‐renewable energy and economic progress threaten ecological quality by lessening the load capacity factor. The research revealed causality from financial risk, economic growth, disintegrated energy and economic complexity to load capacity factor. Lastly, a policy framework is proposed based on the study findings to accomplish the sustainable development goals (SDGs) 7, 13 and 17. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Policymakers and environmental scientists have proposed numerous measures toward achieving a sustainable environment. Some of these measures include the efficient use of energy and a clean energy transition. This study empirically investigates the role of non-renewable energy efficiency and renewable energy utilization in driving environmental sustainability in India over the period from 1965 to 2018. Using the approach of the Dynamic Autoregressive Distributed Lag (DyARDL) simulations, the empirical evidence shows that non-renewable energy efficiency and renewable energy utilization promote environmental sustainability through an increase in the load capacity factor. The effects of financial development and trade impede environmental sustainability through a decrease in the load capacity factor. The results further show that the relationship between income and load capacity factor is characterized by an inverted U-shape. This suggests that the load capability curve (LCC) hypothesis is not valid for India. Given the overall findings of this study, it is suggested that policymakers should promote energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies as the ultimate policy measure to mitigate the accumulation of CO2 emissions and other significant climatic changes in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite being the regions with the least levels of carbon emissions in the world, African countries are facing unique challenges on climate change, increased carbon emission levels and the need for environmental governance improvement. This study, therefore, examined the implications of economic growth and governance on CO2 emissions in West Africa. Specifically, the study investigated the role of governance in moderating the effect of economic growth on CO2 emissions in West Africa. The study utilized data for 16 West African countries from 2000 to 2020 in an unbalanced panel data framework. Empirical analyses were conducted using the Instrumental Variable Fixed Effects estimator with Driscoll and Kraay Standard Errors, as well as the Instrumental Variable Quantile Regression in order to account for serial correlation, endogeneity and conditional heteroskedasticity. The following conclusions were drawn from the results. First, economic growth significantly increases CO2 emissions in the region with the Environmental Kuznet Curve hypothesis present. Second, the quantile regression estimates reveal that the effect of economic growth on CO2 emissions is higher in countries where the initial level of carbon emissions is considerably high. Third, the results further show that in the presence of improved governance quality, economic growth does not significantly influence CO2 emissions in the region. Fourth, political stability and regulatory quality were the only indicators of governance that significantly impacted environmental pollution in the region. Finally, we found that other factors such as trade, urbanization, and renewable energy also significantly influenced CO2 emissions in the region. The study concludes by highlighting the importance of governance in moderating the effect of economic growth on CO2 emissions, as well as the importance of heterogeneous analysis for understanding the dynamism in economic relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A plethora of studies have shown that structural change helps nations achieve socioeconomic growth. The influence of structural change on environmental quality, on the other hand, has yet to be thoroughly investigated. As a result, the current study assesses the asymmetric impact of structural change on CO2 emissions while controlling for the effects of economic progress, renewable energy utilization, and nonrenewable energy in Turkey. To this end, this research used yearly data stretching from 1965 to 2019. The study applied several econometric approaches including nonlinear auto-regressive distributed lag (NARDL) and spectral causality to assess these associations. The outcomes from the NARDL reveal that variations in the regressors have a nonlinear influence on CO2 in Turkey. Moreover, the transition in the economy's structure helps to boost ecological quality, while the findings also show that Turkey's current economic progress trajectory is unsustainable due to the country's reliance on fossil fuel-based energy consumption. The outcomes of the spectral causality test also show that structural change can predict CO2 emissions in Turkey at different frequencies. Based on the study findings, the government should encourage investment in the service sector in order to maintain a suitable level of environmental sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of this study is conditioned upon the wide spread of alternative energy sources around the world and in Ukraine, as well as the need for theoretical development and practical implementation of modern methods for establishing non-standard energy mechanisms in Ukraine and in the world. The main purpose of this study was to analyse key trends in the development of alternative energy in Ukraine and the world in the current socio-economic conditions. The methodological approach in this paper was based on a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods of research on issues related to the analysis of key growth vectors of non-standard methods of energy production in modern conditions. During this study, results were obtained that indicate the existence of a clearly structured interrelation between the degree of development of alternative energy sources and the types of fuel used in them, including the presence of prospects for the development of alternative energy sources in the conditions of modern Ukraine, provided the high-quality investment support for projects that are being implemented for the development of alternative energy. The results obtained in this study, as well as the conclusions formulated on their basis, are of significant practical importance for various branches of Ukrainian and world industry, the real technological capabilities of which allow the use of renewable energy sources for their ability to meet the life needs of all types of industrial enterprises, for their further full functioning and solving any technological problems facing these enterprises.

The Economic Community of West African States has keyed into the various international agreements that seek to protect the environment and reduce gaseous emissions. This study investigated the relationship between CO2 emissions and economic development for West Africa, between 1990 and 2014. Standard and nested-EKC models were estimated using the panel ARDL approach. Both models validate the U-shaped EKC hypothesis, but perceptible more in the long-run and require per capita incomes of $4958 and $853 to produce zero-pollution effects. While the manufacturing and industrial sectors are not significantly large enough to cause environmental degradation even though the volume of trade has increased significantly, the technology-CO2 relationship is monotonic in all the models. This implies that West African countries have not fully explored and employed the different forms of technology required for per capita income to either produce a zero-pollution effect or to start decarbonising the environment. For now, economic development leads CO2 emissions and can be abated by policies that encourage natural agricultural practices and the use of renewable sources of energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary objective of this research was to determine the impact of renewable energy, alternative and nuclear energy, urbanization, energy use, and fossil fuel energy consumption on Romanian economic development. To investigate the relation between variables, we employed the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) technique in conjunction with FMOLS (Fully Modified Least Squares) and CCR (Canonical Cointegrating Regression). Long-run and short-run findings suggest that alternative and nuclear energy, as well as fossil fuel consumption, has a positive association with economic growth, but renewable energy, urbanization, and energy usage have an adversative relationship with economic growth. Similarly, FMOLS and CCR statistics indicate that alternative and nuclear energy and fossil fuel consumption have a favorable impact on economic development. Renewable energy consumption, urbanization, and energy use, on the other hand, revealed a negative connection with economic progress. Conservative solutions are necessary to implement appropriate policies to address energy consumption concerns in Romania in order to improve economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article assesses economic development strategy in Wales since devolution. It considers theoretical views on success or failure of devolution to realise economic benefit, and reviews existing explanations of Wales' lack of success in changing its position relative to other UK territories. The article develops a novel critique first of overall economic development strategy, suggesting problems of coherence, consistency and methods of implementation. It then critiques three policies that have had the potential to realise development strategy - transport, renewable energy and public procurement - again revealing problems of coherence, consistency, implementation and governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Depletion of freshwater resources and reduced rainfall in arid regions lead to water scarcity, which is exacerbated by population and urbanization growth. This study proposes a small-scale solar thermal/seawater desalination combisystem using a nanofluid-based direct absorption solar collector and a humidification and dehumidification desalination unit to meet the domestic hot water, space heating, and fresh water needs of a residential building. The dynamic simulation of the system performance in the hot-dry climate zone is done using the TRNSYS-MATLAB co-simulator. The results show that the use of the proposed combisystem reduces the annual energy consumption by 94.3% and 17%, respectively, for the provision of domestic hot water and space heating requirements. The supply of freshwater demand ranges from 11.3% to 100%. In addition, freshwater production decreased by an average of 18%. In the case of flat-panel solar collectors, the fraction of solar energy used for domestic hot water and space heating needs was reduced by 3.7% and 1.7%, respectively, compared with nanofluid-based direct absorption solar collectors. The payback period using nanofluid-based direct absorption and flat plate solar collectors are 6.4 and 7.8 years, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the next ten years, the Baltic countries ― Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania ― are planning large investments in renewable power generation and transfer capacity, substantial phase-out of fossilbased power generation, and desynchronization from the Russian electricity grid. In this article, the operational impacts of these changes on the Baltic energy system from 2017 to 2030 are studied with an open-source Backbone energy system model. The operation of Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian power and heat, transport, and building sectors are optimized simultaneously on an hourly level, and results are analysed with operational, environmental, economic, and security indicators. Results suggest that the planned transition would support Baltic targets in renewable generation (from 45% to 92%) and self-reliance (2.3 TWh increase in domestic power generation and 5.5 TWh decrease in natural gas imports) with a moderate impact on system costs. However, an increase in transport CO2 emissions could risk national non-ETS targets. The hourly operation of the system, with a high share of wind and solar, is based on active use of storages and interconnectors. Model results raise concerns about the amount of Estonian dispatchable capacity, the commercial feasibility of Latvian natural gas CHP’s, and the high ramping rates of Lithuanian interconnectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 2015 Paris Agreement outlined the goal to limit temperature increases below 2°C, preferably to 1.5°C. In response, several countries have announced net-zero emission pledges (NZEP). The credibility of these pledges varies because countries have committed to different target years. Moreover, some pledges outline sectoral as opposed to economy-wide targets and vary in how they monitor progress. To assess the pledge's credibility, we create a novel NZEP stringency score. We find that climate leaders with a higher share of renewable energy in final energy consumption are more likely to have announced more stringent NZEPs. However, economic development, the size of the economy, countries' embeddedness in international environmental treaties, and the robustness of domestic civil society are not associated with NZEP stringency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rapid population growth and expeditious economic development have provided significant influence on the increase of global energy demand. This has contributed to the extreme greenhouse gas emissions and anthropogenic climate change. Innovation in bamboo-based gasification with combined heat and power (BGCHP) system emerges as a potential modern waste-to-energy (WtE) technology to overcome those environmental and energy challenges. In this study, an empirical model is built to evaluate the transient behaviour of BG-CHP system. The empirical model has described the transient variables of a downdraft gasifier equipped with a spark fired internal combustion engine (ICE). A pilot plant dynamic data obtained from the Aspen Dynamic flowsheet model were employed to build a data-driven/empirical model of the gasification based-CHP plant in Simulink, MATLAB. Process control analysis is then conducted based on set point trajectories for 10 h operation via model predictive control (MPC). A control pairing involves syngas flowrate with power output as the manipulated and control variables. A closed-loop analysis revealed that MPC performed well under the intermittent set points 15-18-12-15-20 kW with root mean square error (RSME) of 0.018. The modelling and control results obtained in this study can provide insight into the feasible and flexible operation of a large-scale BG-CHP plant and contribute to the minimization of food and energy competition with the utilization of bamboo as a new-modern energy source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been widely acknowledged that addressing the issue of climate change should focus on reducing, and ideally eliminating, the influx of CO2 to the atmosphere. This has led to the emergence of various CO2- reducing technologies, which differ in their economic and environmental performances. Considering only one side of the problem may be misleading, so this work introduces a novel high-level cost analysis methodology which assesses the different CO2 reduction options based on CO2 marginal abatement cost - MAC (an indicator that integrates environmental and economic performances). The study contributes to the existing literature by accounting for the impact of the temporal variations in power demand and renewable energy sources on the MAC of the considered options. The proposed approach is demonstrated through an analysis that explores integrated pathways for CO2 reduction through CCUS technologies and renewable energy technologies. Energy storage is considered for the intermittent renewable energy options. The results for the different scenarios are combined on a Mini-MAC curve, a recently developed cost analysis tool for planning CO2 reduction pathways, in which significant insights on the economics of the CO2 reduction are demonstrated and analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although considerable progress has been achieved in science, technology, and living standards, the accompanying environmental destruction and scarcity of resources cause the awareness of sustainable economic development. Circular Economy (CE) has been recognized as a promising solution. In the past, any national policies regarding economic development were to use the existing industry structure to analyze the relationship and correlations among industries. However, to predict the potential increment on the value-added of a prospective policy as implementing CE, re-evaluation of the industry structure is necessary. In this study, a nonlinear optimization model was established to provide a novel industry input-output structure that can balance the supply and demand while waste is avoided, the economic benefits remain maximized. The proposed model focused on food, energy, and water as a FEW Nexus because food, energy, and water are the required living resources. The results reveal that apart from the suggested development of renewable energy, the proposed industry structure can not only achieve a closed-loop FEW Nexus but also considerably promote the economy. A case study of the Taiwan economy was provided for illustration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Verimlilik Dergisi is the property of Verimlilik Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)