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131 results on '"Wang, Qixin"'

1. Fuzzy Logic Guided Reward Function Variation: An Oracle for Testing Reinforcement Learning Programs

Author

Zhang, Shiyu, Song, Haoyang, Wang, Qixin, and Pei, Yu

Subjects
Computer Science - Software Engineering, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, 68T05, 68T27, 93C42, D.2.5, I.2.3
Abstract

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has gained significant attention across various domains. However, the increasing complexity of RL programs presents testing challenges, particularly the oracle problem: defining the correctness of the RL program. Conventional human oracles struggle to cope with the complexity, leading to inefficiencies and potential unreliability in RL testing. To alleviate this problem, we propose an automated oracle approach that leverages RL properties using fuzzy logic. Our oracle quantifies an agent's behavioral compliance with reward policies and analyzes its trend over training episodes. It labels an RL program as "Buggy" if the compliance trend violates expectations derived from RL characteristics. We evaluate our oracle on RL programs with varying complexities and compare it with human oracles. Results show that while human oracles perform well in simpler testing scenarios, our fuzzy oracle demonstrates superior performance in complex environments. The proposed approach shows promise in addressing the oracle problem for RL testing, particularly in complex cases where manual testing falls short. It offers a potential solution to improve the efficiency, reliability, and scalability of RL program testing. This research takes a step towards automated testing of RL programs and highlights the potential of fuzzy logic-based oracles in tackling the oracle problem., Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures

Published
2024

2. Phy-Taylor: Physics-Model-Based Deep Neural Networks

Author

Mao, Yanbing, Sha, Lui, Shao, Huajie, Gu, Yuliang, Wang, Qixin, and Abdelzaher, Tarek

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

Purely data-driven deep neural networks (DNNs) applied to physical engineering systems can infer relations that violate physics laws, thus leading to unexpected consequences. To address this challenge, we propose a physics-model-based DNN framework, called Phy-Taylor, that accelerates learning compliant representations with physical knowledge. The Phy-Taylor framework makes two key contributions; it introduces a new architectural Physics-compatible neural network (PhN), and features a novel compliance mechanism, we call {\em Physics-guided Neural Network Editing\}. The PhN aims to directly capture nonlinearities inspired by physical quantities, such as kinetic energy, potential energy, electrical power, and aerodynamic drag force. To do so, the PhN augments neural network layers with two key components: (i) monomials of Taylor series expansion of nonlinear functions capturing physical knowledge, and (ii) a suppressor for mitigating the influence of noise. The neural-network editing mechanism further modifies network links and activation functions consistently with physical knowledge. As an extension, we also propose a self-correcting Phy-Taylor framework that introduces two additional capabilities: (i) physics-model-based safety relationship learning, and (ii) automatic output correction when violations of safety occur. Through experiments, we show that (by expressing hard-to-learn nonlinearities directly and by constraining dependencies) Phy-Taylor features considerably fewer parameters, and a remarkably accelerated training process, while offering enhanced model robustness and accuracy., Comment: Working Paper

Published
2022

3. A novel 3D LiDAR deep learning approach for uncrewed vehicle odometry

Author

Wang QiXin and Wang Mingju

Subjects
Autonomous Driving, Loam, NDT, PointNet++, GNN, Product Quantization, Electronic computers. Computer science, QA75.5-76.95
Abstract

Self-localization and pose registration are required for sound operation of next generation autonomous vehicles under uncertain environments. Thus, precise localization and mapping are crucial tasks in odometry, planning and other downstream processing. In order to reduce information loss in preprocessing, we propose leveraging LiDAR-based localization and mapping (LOAM) with point cloud-based deep learning instead of convolutional neural network (CNN) based methods that require cylindrical projection. The normal distribution transform (NDT) algorithm is then used to refine the former coarse pose estimation from the deep learning model. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is comparable in performance to recent benchmark studies. We also explore the possibility of using Product Quantization to improve NDT internal neighborhood searching by using high-level features as fingerprints.

Published
2024
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23. Understanding the responses of tillering to 2,4-D isooctyl ester in Setaria viridis L.

Author

Xiong, Wangdan, Jia, Xinfeng, Wang, Qixin, Zhong, Nina, Gao, Hanchi, Zhang, Lingxin, and Sun, Juan

Subjects
PLANT hormones, SETARIA, ABSCISIC acid, ESTERS, PHOTOSYNTHETIC rates, AUXIN
Abstract

Background: Green foxtail [Setaria viridis (L.)] is one of the most abundant and troublesome annual grass weeds in alfalfa fields in Northeast China. Synthetic auxin herbicide is widely used in agriculture, while how auxin herbicide affects tillering on perennial grass weeds is still unclear. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to examine the effects of auxin herbicide 2,4-D on green foxtail growth, especially on tillers. Results: In the study, 2,4-D isooctyl ester was used. There was an inhibition of plant height and fresh weight on green foxtail after application. The photosynthetic rate of the leaves was dramatically reduced and there was an accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Moreover, applying 2,4-D isooctyl ester significantly reduced the tillering buds at rates between 2100 and 8400 ga. i. /ha. Transcriptome results showed that applying 2,4-D isooctyl ester on leaves affected the phytohormone signal transduction pathways in plant tillers. Among them, there were significant effects on auxin, cytokinin, abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin (GA), and brassinosteroid signaling. Indeed, external ABA and GA on leaves also limited tillering in green foxtail. Conclusions: These data will be helpful to further understand the responses of green foxtail to 2, 4-D isooctyl ester, which may provide a unique perspective for the development and identification of new target compounds that are effective against this weed species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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28. Environmental tobacco smoke exposure exaggerates bleomycin-induced collagen overexpression during pulmonary fibrogenesis.

Author

Wang, Qixin, Goracci, Chiara, Sundar, Isaac Kirubakaran, and Rahman, Irfan

Subjects
TOBACCO smoke pollution, PULMONARY fibrosis, LYSYL oxidase, COLLAGEN, GENETIC overexpression, COMPLEMENT activation
Abstract

Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is known to cause lung inflammatory and injurious responses. Smoke exposure is associated with the pathobiology related to lung fibrosis, whereas the mechanism that ETS exposure augments pulmonary fibrogenesis is unclear. We hypothesized that ETS exposure could exacerbate fibrotic responses via collagen dynamic dysregulation and complement activation. C57BL/6J and p16-3MR mice were exposed to ETS followed by bleomycin administration. ETS exposure exacerbated bleomycin-induced collagen and lysyl oxidase overexpression in the fibrotic lesion. ETS exposure also led to augmented bleomycin-induced upregulation of C3 and C3AR, which are pro-fibrotic markers. Moreover, overexpressed collagens and C3 levels were highly significant in males than females. The old mice (17 months old) were exposed to ETS and treated with bleomycin to induce fibrogenesis which is considered as an aging-associated disease. Fewer gene and protein dysregulations trends were identified between ETS exposure with the bleomycin group and the bleomycin alone group in old mice. Based on our findings, we suggested that ETS exposure increases the risk of developing severe lung fibrotic responses via collagen overexpression and lysyl oxidase-mediated collagen stabilization in the fibrotic lesion, and potentially affected the complement system activation induced by bleomycin. Further, male mice were more susceptible than females during fibrogenesis exacerbation. Thus ETS and bleomycin induced lung fibrotic changes via collagen-lysyl oxidase in an age-dependent mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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29. A comparative study of the anti-fatigue activity of extracts from different parts of Cistanche tubulosa(Schenk) Wight

Author

Dong, Jianteng, Li, Junjun, Liu, Yizhou, Cui, Lingwen, Liu, Xiangning, Wang, Gang, Wang, Qixin, Criddle, David N., Tu, Pengfei, and Li, Chun

Abstract

To evaluate the anti-fatigue effects of different extracts from Cistanche tubulosa(Schenk) Wight (C. tubulosa, Rou Cong Rong), focusing on central and exercise-induced fatigue in mice. This study investigated the pharmacological effects of the total oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and phenylethanoid glycosides (CPhGs) extracted from C. tubulosa.

Published
2024
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30. A Bayesian Source Model for the 2022 Mw6.6 Luding Earthquake, Sichuan Province, China, Constrained by GPS and InSAR Observations.

Author

Xu, Guangyu, Xu, Xiwei, Yi, Yaning, Wen, Yangmao, Sun, Longxiang, Wang, Qixin, and Lei, Xiaoqiong

Subjects
EARTHQUAKES, WENCHUAN Earthquake, China, 2008, GLOBAL Positioning System, SYNTHETIC aperture radar, MODULUS of rigidity, GEODETIC observations
Abstract

Until the Mw 6.6 Luding earthquake ruptured the Moxi section of the Xianshuihe fault (XSHF) on 5 September 2022, the region had not experienced an Mw >6 earthquake since instrumental records began. We used Global Positioning System (GPS) and Sentinel-1 interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) observations to image the coseismic deformation and constrain the location and geometry of the seismogenic fault using a Bayesian method We then present a distributed slip model of the 2022 Mw6.6 Luding earthquake, a left-lateral strike-slip earthquake that occurred on the Moxi section of the Xianshuihe fault in the southwest Sichuan basin, China. Two tracks (T26 and T135) of the InSAR data captured a part of the coseismic surface deformation with the line-of-sight displacements range from ∼−0.16 m to ~0.14 m in the ascending track and from ~−0.12 m to ~0.10 m in the descending track. The inverted best-fitting fault model shows a pure sinistral strike-slip motion on a west-dipping fault plane with a strike of 164.3°. We adopt a variational Bayesian approach and account for the uncertainties in the fault geometry to retrieve the distributed slip model. The inverted result shows that the maximum slip of ~1.82 m occurred at a depth of 5.3 km, with the major slip concentrated within depths ranging from 0.9–11 km. The InSAR-determined moment is 1.3 × 1019 Nm, with a shear modulus of 30 GPa, equivalent to Mw 6.7. The published coseismic slip models of the 2022 Luding earthquake show apparent differences despite the use of similar geodetic or seismic observations. These variations underscore the uncertainty associated with routinely performed source inversions and their interpretations for the underlying fault model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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33. Dysregulation of mitochondrial complexes and dynamics by chronic cigarette smoke exposure Utilizing MitoQC reporter mice

Author

Wang, Qixin, Unwalla, Hoshang, and Rahman, Irfan

Subjects
Emphysema, Mice, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases, Animals, Molecular Medicine, Cell Biology, Protein Kinases, Molecular Biology, Article, Cigarette Smoking, Mitochondria
Abstract

Cigarette smoke (CS) is known to cause impaired mitophagy and mitochondrial dysregulation in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)/emphysema. Mitochondrial complexes and dynamics are affected by acute CS exposure in lung epithelium and mouse lung. We hypothesize that chronic CS exposure (4 months) will induce lung mitochondrial dysregulation and abnormal mitophagy. In this study, we employed the mitoQC reporter mice, a mitochondrial reporter strain, which can reflect the mitophagy based on the fluorescence-tagged mitochondria. Chronic CS exposure induced lung inflammatory cell infiltration, airspace enlargement, and lung cellular senescence. We showed the higher occurrence of mitophagy in the lung cells by CS exposure, associated with more mitochondrial fluorescence signals (GFP(+)/mCherry(+)). After chronic CS exposure, the mitochondrial complexes and function related genes were inhibited, while protein levels of complexes I and III slightly changed. Additionally, chronic CS exposure down-regulated most of the mitochondrial dynamic markers at gene expression level, included mitochondrial fusion/fission and mitochondrial translocate/transfer markers. For the markers related to mitophagy, Pink1 and Parkin, decreased gene and protein levels of Parkin, and decreased gene expression of Pink1, were identified in the CS exposure group. Hence, CS-induced mitophagy is mediated by Pink1-Parkin independent mechanism. Thus, we have shown that chronic CS exposure induced mitophagy, which is observed using a state-of-the art mitoQC reporter mice, as well as the dysregulated mitochondrial complexes and dynamics. Our results suggested that dysregulated mitochondrial function and dynamics are associated with CS-induced lung injury and phenotypic development of chronic lung diseases, such as COPD/ emphysema.

Published
2022

37. Glycyrrhizic Acid Mitigates Tripterygium-Glycoside-Tablet-Induced Acute Liver Injury via PKM2 Regulated Oxidative Stress

Author

Wang, Qixin, primary, Huang, Yuwen, additional, Li, Yu, additional, Zhang, Luyun, additional, Tang, Huan, additional, Zhang, Junzhe, additional, Cheng, Guangqing, additional, Zhao, Minghong, additional, Lu, Tianming, additional, Zhang, Qian, additional, Luo, Piao, additional, Zhu, Yinhua, additional, Xia, Fei, additional, Zhang, Ying, additional, Liu, Dandan, additional, Wang, Chen, additional, Li, Haiyan, additional, Qiu, Chong, additional, Wang, Jigang, additional, and Guo, Qiuyan, additional

Published
2022
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38. Lisaftoclax in Combination with Alrizomadlin Overcomes Venetoclax Resistance in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Preclinical Studies

Author

Zhai, Yifan, primary, Tang, Qiuqiong, additional, Fang, Douglas D., additional, Deng, Jing, additional, Zhang, Kaixiang, additional, Wang, Qixin, additional, Yin, Yan, additional, Fu, Chengcheng, additional, Xue, Sheng-Li, additional, Li, Na, additional, Zhou, Feng, additional, and Yang, Dajun, additional

Published
2022
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45. Transcriptome and Lipid Metabolomics-Based Discovery: Glycyrrhizic Acid Alleviates Tripterygium Glycoside Tablet-Induced Acute Liver Injury by Regulating the Activities of CYP and the Metabolism of Phosphoglycerides

Author

Shi, Qiaoli, primary, Wang, Qixin, additional, Chen, Jiayun, additional, Xia, Fei, additional, Qiu, Chong, additional, Li, Min, additional, Zhao, Minghong, additional, Zhang, Qian, additional, Luo, Piao, additional, Lu, Tianming, additional, Zhang, Ying, additional, Xu, Liting, additional, He, Xueling, additional, Zhong, Tianyu, additional, Lin, Na, additional, and Guo, Qiuyan, additional

Published
2022
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49. Additional file 2 of Discovery of a novel ALK/ROS1/FAK inhibitor, APG-2449, in preclinical non-small cell lung cancer and ovarian cancer models

Author

Fang, Douglas D., Tao, Ran, Wang, Guangfeng, Li, Yuanbao, Zhang, Kaixiang, Xu, Chunhua, Zhai, Guoqin, Wang, Qixin, Wang, Jingwen, Tang, Chunyang, Min, Ping, Xiong, Dengkun, Chen, Jianyong, Wang, Shaomeng, Yang, Dajun, and Zhai, Yifan

Abstract

Additional file 2: Figure S1. Inhibition curves of ALK kinase activity by APG-2449 and reference compounds alectinib and ceritinib assessed by LANCE TR-FRET assay. Wild-type (wt) ALK (A), ALK L1196M mutant (B), ALK F1197M mutant (C), ALK G1269A mutant (D), ALK S1206Y mutant (E) and ALK G1202R mutant (F). LANCE TR-FRET, lanthanide chelate excite time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Figure S2. Antitumor activity of APG-2449 in ALK-positive xenograft tumor models in mice. (A) Assessment of changes in body weight (%) of mice bearing H3122 xenograft tumors as shown in Fig. 2A. (B) Independent repeat experiment in NSCLC PDX LD1–0006-390,637 (treated for 3 weeks, n = 3–5 per treatment group) as shown in Fig. 3D. Figure S3. Combination of APG-2449 and paclitaxel inhibits tumor growth in ovarian cancer xenograft models in mice. (A) Western blotting analysis of FAK downstream signaling in PA-1 tumors collected from experiment as shown in Fig. 4B. (B) Changes in body weights (%) of OVCAR-3 xenograft-bearing mice as shown in Fig. 4C. IHC staining (C) and quantitation of staining intensity (D) of CD44, E-Cadherin (E-Cad), FAK, and p-FAK in untreated PDX tumors shown in Fig. 4D. Figure S4. Enhancement of osimertinib-mediated tumor suppression by APG-2449 in NSCLC. (A) Repeated efficacy study using a higher dose of osimertinib (15 mg/kg) in NSCLC PDX LD1–0006-215,676 (vehicle and APG-2449 groups were treated for 16 days and other groups for 23 days, n = 8–10 per treatment group). (B) Changes in body weights (%) of tumor-bearing mice in the experiment shown in A. (C) Protein expression levels shown in Fig. 5E were quantitated and shown as mean ± SEM relative to the loading control β-actin or total proteins where phosphorylated proteins were assessed (n = 3 mice per treatment group). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 vs. vehicle control. Supplementary Table S1. Antibodies used for western blotting. Supplementary Table S2. Genetic characteristics of ovarian cancer PDX models.

Published
2022
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