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Fungal conservation is gaining momentum globally, but many challenges remain. To advance further, more data are needed on fungal diversity across space and time. Fundamental information regarding population sizes, trends, and geographic ranges is also critical to accurately assess the extinction risk of individual species. However, obtaining these data is particularly difficult for fungi due to their immense diversity, complex and problematic taxonomy, and cryptic nature. This paper explores how citizen science (CS) projects can be leveraged to advance fungal conservation efforts. We present several examples of past and ongoing CS‐based projects to record and monitor fungal diversity. These include projects that are part of broad collecting schemes, those that provide participants with targeted sampling methods, and those whereby participants collect environmental samples from which fungi can be obtained. We also examine challenges and solutions for how such projects can capture fungal diversity, estimate species absences, broaden participation, improve data curation, and translate resulting data into actionable conservation measures. Finally, we close the paper with a call for professional mycologists to engage with amateurs and local communities, presenting a framework to determine whether a given project would likely benefit from participation by citizen scientists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ubiquity and yet distinctiveness of domestic sites for scientific research have attracted an unprecedented focus in recent years, especially in studies concerned with the gendering of science and the rise of citizen science movements of the late twentieth century. It is fair to say this "new" subfield has now entered a stage of maturity, even as it continues to grow and adopt new theoretical perspectives. Following an historiographical shift we might call the "domestic turn" in histories of science, "domesticities" emerges as a critical, analytical lens through which to view scientific developments in a range of historical contexts globally. The emphasis in the literature has moved from one on the "house of experiment" to one on the "laboratory of domesticity", attending particularly to the permeability, plasticity, portability, and plurality of instances of entanglement between domesticities and science. In view of the emergence of new empirical cases and theoretical perspectives, this paper revisits the status of domesticities within histories of science to consider the current status of the historiography and to suggest even further directions for new research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Fungal conservation is gaining momentum globally, but many challenges remain. To advance further, more data are needed on fungal diversity across space and time. Fundamental information regarding population sizes, trends, and geographic ranges is also critical to accurately assess the extinction risk of individual species. However, obtaining these data is particularly difficult for fungi due to their immense diversity, complex and problematic taxonomy, and cryptic nature. This paper explores how citizen science (CS) projects can be leveraged to advance fungal conservation efforts. We present several examples of past and ongoing CS‐based projects to record and monitor fungal diversity. These include projects that are part of broad collecting schemes, those that provide participants with targeted sampling methods, and those whereby participants collect environmental samples from which fungi can be obtained. We also examine challenges and solutions for how such projects can capture fungal diversity, estimate species absences, broaden participation, improve data curation, and translate resulting data into actionable conservation measures. Finally, we close the paper with a call for professional mycologists to engage with amateurs and local communities, presenting a framework to determine whether a given project would likely benefit from participation by citizen scientists.

The purpose of this paper is to identify the changes in the finances, expenditure, and membership levels of the English county cricket clubs in the years 1919 to 1962, and to then evaluate the degree to which these changes helped to alter the relationship between the professional and amateur cricketers in the first-class game. The study finds that the decline of the amateur in cricket was partly brought about by the rise in revenues that enabled the clubs to employ more higher quality professionals, and effectively squeeze out the amateurs. It also means that one of the main contributions of the amateur cricketers was to help the lower revenue sides to survive in first-class cricket. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Historians have long debated the origins of modern science in early modern Europe. Recently, however, scholars pointed to our need to understand how the 'new philosophy' became a sustained movement, which did not dissipate over the course of a few generations, as had previous scientific renaissances in other civilizations. This article suggests that the mediations of the printed book allowed a broader public to engage with the astronomical ideas at the core of scientific transformations. This article examines the interactions that the world of the book generated between authors at the 'core' of early modern science and 'amateurs' who were interested in recent cosmological discussion around the notion of the 'system of the world'. It argues that this concept served simultaneously to discuss mathematico-physical problems, to make claims for authorship and to provide cultural orientation, which made it amenable to appropriation and dialogue across a range of genres. The new social interactions around the 'system of the world' allowed a heavily mathematical science to become a viable and sustainable cultural phenomenon, a veritable building-block of a new scientific culture at the heart of European modernity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Why do we collect insects? Usually, to increase our knowledge of what they are, where they live, and what they do. The history of insect collecting in Queensland is presented, from Banks and Solander in 1770 to iNaturalist in 2023. We discuss specimens collected by amateur and professional entomologists, dealers, and museums, and the use of novel collecting methods by specialists targeting only a few taxa. The Entomological Society of Queensland supports insect collecting by facilitating collecting permits for members, ensuring data concerning insect collection and distribution in protected areas of Queensland is gathered to aid park management. With the development of digital technology, information and quality images became readily available, enabling specialists worldwide to 'collect and identify' Queensland insects. Do we still need to collect? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Polish Journal of Sports Medicine / Medycyna Sportowa is the property of Agencja Wydawnicza Medsportpress Sp. z o. o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aims to evaluate the relationship between the athlete identities and their commitment to sports in terms of whether amateur and professional licensed footballers who are playing football in local and amateur football clubs differ according to various demographic characteristics. Footballers of the 1st Amateur, 2nd Amateur, and Regional Amateur Leagues registered in the Elazığ Amateur Sports Clubs Federation participated in the research. "Athlete Identity Scale" was developed by Brewer and Cornelius (2001) and adapted to Turkish by Öztürk and Koca (2013) and "Athlete Commitment Scale" was developed by Kayhan, Bardakçı, and Caz (2020) developed by Guillen and MartinezAlvarado (2014) were used as data collection tools in the study. As a result of the research, while there was a significant difference in the athlete identity according to the license level variable of the football players, there was no significant difference in the level of commitment to sports. While there was a significant difference according to the league level, infrastructure training, age variable, and education status variable of the footballers, there was no significant difference according to the athlete year variable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In common with many military officers at the turn of the 18th century, Joseph Sevin kept a journal that chronicled army life on and off the battlefield. His memoirs, covering the years 1697 to 1713, are of particular interest because they reveal his pleasure in making music with his fellow officers and the women whom he met socially. While boasting of only modest attainments, the Chevalier de Quincy adored his basse de viole and took it everywhere he went in the course of the War of the Spanish Succession, from Paris to the châteaux of Quincy, Versailles and Fontainebleau, to Provence, Flanders and Italy. His descriptions bring to life the musical occasions in which he took part or simply attended. They also mention fellow officers who we know played and enjoyed the viol. Among the many bonds between members of the noblesse militaire , music can at last be counted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Citational practices function as a form of academic gatekeeping. To create a more inclusive scholarship, authors must consciously commit to embracing the contributions of all researchers, including amateurs. I base my case on Mildred Crowl Martin's biography of Donaldina Cameron, a New Zealand-born moral reformer in San Francisco's Chinatown. Martin undertook extensive original research during the late 1960s, and materials she compiled form the basis for an archival collection at Stanford University that researchers still consult today. However, Martin also admitted to incorporating a 'few fictionalized scenes' into her biography, and because she wrote for a popular audience, Martin omitted references in her texts. These two decisions left her vulnerable to charges of amateurism. Nonetheless, more than fifty monographs, book chapters, and journal articles from the 1980s to the present cited her biography. This success makes a fascinating case study for deriving research practices that fulfil our intellectual debts to all predecessors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Vinciane Despret's book, What Would Animals Say If We Asked the Right Questions?, she tells stories about animals that surprise us, that challenge our assumptions about the capabilities of animals, and that illustrate how we might best come to know them. Despret engages with the history of animal science and scientific methodology, while also turning her attention to less conventional sources of animal knowledge, such as Youtube videos, domestic animal breeders, and animal caregivers. For Despret, knowing more about animals requires knowing more with them, expanding our knowledge practices beyond conventional scientific models that often emphasize distanced observation, generalization, and laboratory research. Despret highlights relational practices that function through care and curiosity, understanding animals as collaborators, with interests and valuable input. By drawing our attention to anecdotes, amateurs, and anomalies, Despret challenges scientific conventions that dismiss all three, and illuminates fascinating stories about what animals might show us if we "ask the right questions". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]