8,525 results
Search Results
2. Blockchain Technology and its Use Along the Scientific Research Workflow: A IUPAC White Paper Coming Soon.
- Author
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Lawlor, Bonnie, Chalk, Stuart, Frey, Jeremy, Hayashi, Kazuhiro, Kochalko, David, Shute, Richard, and Sopek, Mirek
- Subjects
BLOCKCHAINS ,GOVERNMENT report writing ,ARTIFICIAL intelligence ,WORKFLOW ,VIRTUAL reality - Abstract
At the Council meeting held during the 2019 World Chemistry Congress in Paris, a representative from one of IUPAC's National Adhering Organizations raised the question "What is Blockchain Technology?" They went on to say that both "Blockchain" and "Artificial Intelligence" were prominent buzzwords and asked if IUPAC could provide information on how these technologies were impacting science in general and chemistry in particular. Coincidentally, at that same Congress, the technology had been the subject of a presentation by Richard Shute [1], one of the authors of this paper, and the technology had already captured the interest of Bonnie Lawlor, another of the authors of this paper, to the extent that she published an article in Chemistry International (CI) on the topic the following year [2]. As a result of the question raised at the Council meeting, Javier García-Martínez, IUPAC President 2022-2023, suggested that a white paper on Blockchain be developed (Note: Artificial Intelligence was made the focus of the global, virtual 2021 World Chemistry Leadership Meeting (WCLM) and a brief article on that special event was published in the July 2022 issue of CI [3]). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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3. Migrating Blockchains Away from ECDSA for Post-quantum Security: A Study of Impact on Users and Applications
- Author
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Tan, Teik Guan, Zhou, Jianying, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Garcia-Alfaro, Joaquin, editor, Navarro-Arribas, Guillermo, editor, and Dragoni, Nicola, editor
- Published
- 2023
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4. Visual Research Discovery Using Connected Papers: A Use Case of Blockchain in Libraries.
- Author
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Kaur, Amanpreet, Sharma, Ritu, Mishra, Pooja, Sinhababu, Atasi, and Chakravarty, Rupak
- Subjects
BLOCKCHAINS ,INFORMATION resources management ,VISUAL perception ,TECHNOLOGY ,PUBLIC libraries - Abstract
The present study aims to highlight the features of Connected Papers, a visual tool that can help researchers find and explore academic papers in their literature search. The authors describe how Connected Papers allow to create a network of all the literature available related to a chosen paper. One can use Connected Papers to pull together related papers on a chosen topic and see prior and derivative works based on that topic. Using the Connected Papers tool authors attempt to visualize the key literature on the topic "Blockchain in libraries." To date, most Blockchain technology applications in libraries are still in the conceptual stage. However, sooner or later, the development and implementation of the technology are expected to facilitate the transformation of how libraries provide services and organize information. This study contributes to examining the research being done to explore the potential of Blockchain technology in libraries through mapping and visualization. The paper is original in terms of the Visual tool used "Connected Papers." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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5. Lattice-Based Proof-of-Work for Post-Quantum Blockchains
- Author
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Behnia, Rouzbeh, Postlethwaite, Eamonn W., Ozmen, Muslum Ozgur, Yavuz, Attila Altay, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Garcia-Alfaro, Joaquin, editor, Muñoz-Tapia, Jose Luis, editor, Navarro-Arribas, Guillermo, editor, and Soriano, Miguel, editor
- Published
- 2022
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6. Untangling the XRP Ledger: Insights and Analysis
- Author
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Mauri, Lara, Cimato, Stelvio, Damiani, Ernesto, Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Prates, Raquel Oliveira, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, Furnell, Steven, editor, Mori, Paolo, editor, Weippl, Edgar, editor, and Camp, Olivier, editor
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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7. Achieving Almost All Blockchain Functionalities with Polylogarithmic Storage
- Author
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Hegde, Parikshit, Streit, Robert, Georghiades, Yanni, Ganesh, Chaya, Vishwanath, Sriram, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Eyal, Ittay, editor, and Garay, Juan, editor
- Published
- 2022
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8. A Systematic Review and Performance Evaluation of Open-Source Tools for Smart Contract Vulnerability Detection.
- Author
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He, Yaqiong, Fan, Jinlin, and Wu, Huaiguang
- Subjects
ELECTRONIC paper ,BLOCKCHAINS ,REFERENCE values ,CONTRACTS - Abstract
With the rise of blockchain technology, the security issues of smart contracts have become increasingly critical. Despite the availability of numerous smart contract vulnerability detection tools, many face challenges such as slow updates, usability issues, and limited installation methods. These challenges hinder the adoption and practicality of these tools. This paper examines smart contract vulnerability detection tools from 2016 to 2023, sourced from the Web of Science (WOS) and Google Scholar. By systematically collecting, screening, and synthesizing relevant research, 38 open-source tools that provide installation methods were selected for further investigation. From a developer's perspective, this paper offers a comprehensive survey of these 38 open-source tools, discussing their operating principles, installation methods, environmental dependencies, update frequencies, and installation challenges. Based on this, we propose an Ethereum smart contract vulnerability detection framework. This framework enables developers to easily utilize various detection tools and accurately analyze contract security issues. To validate the framework's stability, over 1700 h of testing were conducted. Additionally, a comprehensive performance test was performed on the mainstream detection tools integrated within the framework, assessing their hardware requirements and vulnerability detection coverage. Experimental results indicate that the Slither tool demonstrates satisfactory performance in terms of system resource consumption and vulnerability detection coverage. This study represents the first performance evaluation of testing tools in this domain, providing significant reference value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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9. Human-Paper Interaction in the Digital Era: Directions for Human-Information Interaction Design.
- Author
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Asadi, Amir-Reza
- Subjects
DIGITAL media ,SOCIAL networks ,BLOCKCHAINS ,MIXED reality - Abstract
These days, we receive most information through digital mediums such as emails and social networking applications. Investigating the characteristics of human-paper interactions can help us design more meaningful interactions and better understand why people use paper documents in the age of digitalization. In this study, the interaction of people with physical documents was studied through a mixed-method of conducting a literature review, gathering expert opinions, interviewing subjects, and analysing Instagram photos. By codifying the gathered information, the human-paper interaction framework was developed. This framework articulates the advantages of physical documents compared to electronic documents and serves researchers and practitioners by providing insightful human factors about human-document interaction. Finally, we propose six design themes as the solutions to the findings of this study. These implications can provide practical foundations for future design and research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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10. A Review Paper on Exploring the Concept of Data Science: A Comprehensive Analysis.
- Author
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Gaikwad, Samiksha, Chaudhari, Parimal, Jadhav, Dipali, Bodade, Punam, and Shirbhate, Dhiraj
- Subjects
DATA science ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,ARTIFICIAL intelligence ,BLOCKCHAINS ,EDGE computing ,MACHINE learning - Abstract
Data science is a rapidly growing technology in the technical world that fulfills the requirements for data and various data aspects. The core of all emerging technologies is data science, which includes machine learning, artificial intelligence, robotics, edge computing, and blockchain technology. In this review paper, we consider the detailed concept on data science, such as where the data is generated, the skills to handle data, its growth, how it works, and the impact of data science on other technologies. The basic aim of this review paper is to provide a basic summary of data science that everyone easily understands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
11. Trends in publishing blockchain surveys: a bibliometric perspective.
- Author
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Ahmad, Hira, Ahsan, Muhammad Ahtazaz, and Mian, Adnan Noor
- Subjects
BLOCKCHAINS ,BIBLIOMETRICS ,PUBLISHING - Abstract
A large number of survey papers are being published in blockchain since the first survey appeared in 2016. A person entering into the field of blockchain is faced with the issue of which blockchain surveys to read and why?, Who is publishing these surveys and what is the nature of these surveys?, Which of the publishers are publishing more such surveys and what are the lengths of the published surveys?, Which kind of survey is getting more citations?, Which of the authors is collaborating on such surveys?, etc. All these questions motivated us to analyze the trends in publishing blockchain surveys. In this paper, we have performed a bibliometric analysis on 1088 surveys and review papers published in the field of blockchain in the last six years. We have analyzed the papers with respect to the publication type, publishers and venue, references, citations, paper length, different categories, year, countries, authors, and their collaborations and found interesting insights. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first of its kind and hope to provide better understanding of the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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12. ACS-IoT: Smart Contract and Blockchain Assisted Framework for Access Control Systems in IoT Enterprise Environment.
- Author
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Rashid, Aqsa, Masood, Asif, and Khan, Atta ur Rehman
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BLOCKCHAINS ,ACCESS control ,DECENTRALIZED control systems ,INTERNET of things ,ELECTRONIC paper - Abstract
Centralized access control systems are unsuitable for IoT due to their resource-constrained, heterogeneous, and dynamic nature. Blockchain-assisted decentralized access control systems exist for IoT, but those approaches are tokenization-based. In some cases, IoT devices are not part of the blockchain network due to which they cannot interact with the access control system directly. Instead, they need a trusted admin, management hub, or a fog node for permissions verification and access to resources. This paper presents a smart contract and blockchain-assisted framework for the access control systems in the IoT enterprise environment, called ACS-IoT. In the proposed framework, resource-constrained IoT devices belong to the blockchain network. Therefore, these devices can directly access the permitted resources without any centrally administered authority and management hub's verification. We used smart contract and Ethereum blockchain for the new framework. Smart contract allows automated enforcement of access policies and serves as an autonomous agent running exactly as programmed. The proposed framework is validated through implementation of the proof of concept, and implemented prototype is deployed and tested on the Ethereum test network. The obtained results confirm that usage of blockchain and smart contract can be used as access management technology in the IoT enterprise environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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13. The utilization of Solidity programming language in blockchain.
- Author
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Stanišić, Sava S., Stojanović, Hristina N., and Đorđević, Igor Lj.
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BLOCKCHAINS ,PROGRAMMING languages ,PAPER products - Abstract
Copyright of Military Technical Courier / Vojnotehnicki Glasnik is the property of Military Technical Courier / Vojnotehnicki Glasnik and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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14. The legal content of a white paper for an ICO (initial coins offering).
- Author
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Kasatkin, Sergey
- Subjects
- *
TOKEN economy (Psychology) , *BLOCKCHAINS , *BUSINESS , *LEGAL authorities , *FINANCE - Abstract
Clear legal content of white papers provides certainty, stability and trust in the relations between all the participants in initial coins offering (ICO) procedures and contributes to the successful introduction of blockchain technologies in business. A white paper defines the relationship and interaction between a regulated social reality and program code, which is by itself not susceptible to legal regulation. This article investigates the legal conditions of the white papers that describe the projects of ICO. The author provides a legal analysis of numerous white papers published during ICO implementation around the world. Based on extensive data on implemented ICO projects, the correlation between the legal content of a white paper and the amount of funds collected as a result of the ICO is considered. Having analysed the determinants of the white paper legal content, the author suggests the legal provisions that any ICO white paper should have. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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15. Ethereum smart contract security: Design, risks and protection approaches.
- Author
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Chen, J., Li, J., Ling, X., and Goh, W. W.
- Subjects
BLOCKCHAINS ,ACCOUNT books ,MARKET sentiment ,ELECTRONIC paper ,CONTRACTS - Abstract
A concept of the smart contract powered by Ethereum has raised the attention of investors in the crypto-currency market in the light of the distributed account book techniques in the Era of Blockchain 2.0. Based on the digitalization of the financial tools, smart contract adopts the smart validation and execution of the computation protocols extending the blockchain to the application level of use to reinforce the security and transparency of transaction deals. This paper aimed to investigate the principle, functions, ground mechanism of the smart contract, and protection approaches and evaluated the security issues existed in the investment process. Lastly, the paper summarized the Smart Contract design and development, loopholes, and protection approaches in the Smart Contract applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Blockchain for E-certificate verification education records: Review paper.
- Author
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Palanichamy, Naveen, Haw, Su-Cheng, Anaam, Elham Abdulwahab, and Ng, Kok-Why
- Subjects
- *
BLOCKCHAINS , *TRUST - Abstract
Blockchain is a decentralised peer to peer ledger of data. It provides features like Immutability, Transparency, and Trustworthiness. Due to all the benefits, blockchain can have a great impact in the field of education. In education, there is already a growing problem of fake certificates. Blockchain can prove to be a great solution to solve this issue. For this purpose, we took a deeper look at what is blockchain and what is being done in the education domain with regards to storing certificates and verification of them using blockchain technology. In particular, we explored how Smart Contracts can be used to provide storage for certificates. Finally, we looked at the challenges in adopting blockchain-based solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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17. A Smart Contract Vulnerability Detection Method Based on Multimodal Feature Fusion and Deep Learning.
- Author
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Li, Jinggang, Lu, Gehao, Gao, Yulian, and Gao, Feng
- Subjects
DEEP learning ,MULTIMODAL user interfaces ,SUPPLY chain management ,ELECTRONIC paper ,BLOCKCHAINS - Abstract
With the proliferation of blockchain technology in decentralized applications like decentralized finance and supply chain and identity management, smart contracts operating on a blockchain frequently encounter security issues such as reentrancy vulnerabilities, timestamp dependency vulnerabilities, tx.origin vulnerabilities, and integer overflow vulnerabilities. These security concerns pose a significant risk of causing substantial losses to user accounts. Consequently, the detection of vulnerabilities in smart contracts has become a prominent area of research. Existing research exhibits limitations, including low detection accuracy in traditional smart contract vulnerability detection approaches and the tendency of deep learning-based solutions to focus on a single type of vulnerability. To address these constraints, this paper introduces a smart contract vulnerability detection method founded on multimodal feature fusion. This method adopts a multimodal perspective to extract three modal features from the lifecycle of smart contracts, leveraging both static and dynamic features comprehensively. Through deep learning models like Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) and bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory networks (bi-LSTMs), effective detection of vulnerabilities in smart contracts is achieved. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method attains detection accuracies of 85.73% for reentrancy vulnerabilities, 85.41% for timestamp dependency vulnerabilities, 83.58% for tx.origin vulnerabilities, and 90.96% for integer Overflow vulnerabilities. Furthermore, ablation experiments confirm the efficacy of the newly introduced modal features, highlighting the significance of fusing dynamic and static features in enhancing detection accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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18. A Surveillance-and-Blockchain-based Tracking System for Mitigation of Baggage Mishandling at Smart Airports.
- Author
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Jiang, Yirui, Tran, Trung Hieu, and Williams, Leon
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LUGGAGE ,COMPUTER vision ,RADIO frequency identification systems ,BLOCKCHAINS ,ELECTRONIC paper - Abstract
Baggage mishandling has received much attention by airport operators. Traditional baggage tracking methods (e.g., manual, barcode, and radio-frequency identification) have not been able to deal with the challenge of baggage mishandling due to their unreliable and inefficient performance. Baggage data comprises sensitive personal information, linking individuals to their personal details and travel history, with the potential to expose security vulnerabilities. This paper proposes a smart baggage tracking system based on surveillance and blockchain technology for mitigation of baggage mishandling at airports. Surveillance including a network of airport cameras is used to recognize and monitor locations of baggage and passengers. Blockchain technology is utilized to manage and process baggage and passenger databases, guaranteeing the security, privacy, and transparency of baggage information. Surveillance-captured images of baggage and passengers undergo processing through computer vision algorithms to determine the current whereabouts of baggage, subsequently synchronized and updated within the blockchain storage. Additionally, a user interface is developed to present real-time baggage tracking information. Preliminary experiments have demonstrated the applicability of the smart baggage tracking system for airports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Adoption of Blockchain to Address Healthcare Financing System Challenges: A Systematic Review.
- Author
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Girdhari, Shaivar, Ndayizigamiye, Patrick, and Idemudia, Efosa C.
- Subjects
BLOCKCHAINS ,MEDICAL care ,DIGITAL transformation ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,ACCURACY - Abstract
The healthcare industry is currently going through a digital transformation, and the implementation of blockchain technology has emerged as a promising solution to overcome many of the difficulties faced by healthcare financing systems. This research paper presents a systematic review of the existing literature to recognize the issues that healthcare financing systems are currently facing and how they can be addressed through blockchain solutions. The review also identifies potential solutions and frameworks proposed for the implementation of blockchain solutions. The study has revealed that the combination of blockchain technology and machine learning has high potential in developing a smooth healthcare financing system that is secure, accessible, and has data integrity. The use of blockchain can provide a secure and transparent platform for storing and sharing healthcare data, leading to improved accuracy and efficiency of healthcare financing systems. By integrating blockchain 3.0 with healthcare 4.0 processes and technologies, a real-time and reliable blockchain-based healthcare system for financing can be developed that is highly secure, transparent, and can execute transactions on any IoT-enabled device. The study has revealed that the Ethereum blockchain network is the most suitable platform to implement a distributed ledger to address the challenges faced by healthcare financing systems. This is due to the various applications of the platform already being used within remote medical healthcare operations and other healthcare processes as found in the literature. The study's findings are expected to contribute to the ongoing discussion on the digital transformation of the healthcare sector through emerging technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
20. Implementation of blockchain technology in custom E-voting system.
- Author
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Novriansyah, Muhamad Fahriza, Harwahyu, Ruki, and Sari, Riri Fitri
- Subjects
ELECTRONIC voting ,ELECTIONS ,WASTE paper ,DISTRIBUTED databases ,DATABASES ,BLOCKCHAINS - Abstract
Excessive use of paper waste during the general elections is a consumptive behavior and can damage the environment. In the 2018 Pilkada, there were 54 million unused ballots due to the lack of public participation in each Pilkada. In addition, various ballot manipulations make reduced data integrity. The Custom E-Voting Application is an electronic voting system application for general elections with the application of Blockchain technology to increase security using the Hyperledger Fabric and Hyperledger Composer platforms. The application of this technology can replace conventional paper-based voting systems and databases. This application uses a distributed database so that the database is more secure and maintained its integrity. The results of E-Voting can be seen by voters so that transparency for voters. This application can be implemented in several elections that require transparency of the results with the election time can be set as needed. The problem that is the focus of this research is the proof of the concept of blockchain technology with existing tools and system performance testing. It is hoped that the results of this research can provide an overview of the viability of blockchain technology to handle cases such as the general elections that are critical, massive, and simultaneous. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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21. Smart Contracts in Blockchain Technology: A Critical Review.
- Author
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Taherdoost, Hamed
- Subjects
- *
BLOCKCHAINS , *ELECTRONIC paper , *CONTRACTS , *CHILDREN'S books - Abstract
By utilizing smart contracts, which are essentially scripts that are anchored in a decentralized manner on blockchains or other similar infrastructures, it is possible to make the execution of predetermined procedures visible to the outside world. The programmability of previously unrealized assets, such as money, and the automation of previously manual business logic are both made possible by smart contracts. This revelation inspired us to analyze smart contracts in blockchain technologies written in English between 2012 and 2022. The scope of research is limited to the journal. Reviews, conferences, book chapters, theses, monographs, and interview-based works, and also articles in the press, are eliminated. This review comprises 252 articles over the last ten years with "Blockchain", "block-chain", "smart contracts", and "smart contracts" as keywords. This paper discusses smart contracts' present status and significance in blockchain technology. The gaps and challenges in the relevant literature have also been discussed, particularly emphasizing the limitations. Based on these findings, several research problems and prospective research routes for future study that will likely be valuable to academics and professionals are identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) in healthcare: a thematic analysis and research agenda.
- Author
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Sibanda, Khulekani, Ndayizigamiye, Patrick, and Twinomurinzi, Hossana
- Subjects
DATA security ,PERSONAL property ,MEDICAL informatics ,DATABASE management ,RESEARCH funding ,DIGITAL health ,RESEARCH evaluation ,PRIVACY ,MEDICAL supplies ,SUPPLY chains ,SOFTWARE analytics ,BLOCKCHAINS ,THEMATIC analysis ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,PRIORITY (Philosophy) ,COMMUNICATION ,INFORMATION retrieval ,HEALTH information systems ,MEDICAL ethics ,ACCESS to information - Abstract
Introduction: In the big data era, where corporations commodify health data, non-fungible tokens (NFTs) present a transformative avenue for patient empowerment and control. NFTs are unique digital assets on the blockchain, representing ownership of digital objects, including health data. By minting their data as NFTs, patients can track access, monetize its use, and build secure, private health information systems. However, research on NFTs in healthcare is in its infancy, warranting a comprehensive review. Methods: This study conducted a systematic literature review and thematic analysis of NFTs in healthcare to identify use cases, design models, and key challenges. Five multidisciplinary research databases (Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, IEEE Explore, Elsevier Science Direct) were searched. The approach involved four stages: paper collection, inclusion/exclusion criteria application, screening, full-text reading, and quality assessment. A classification and coding framework was employed. Thematic analysis followed six steps: data familiarization, initial code generation, theme searching, theme review, theme definition/naming, and report production. Results: Analysis of 19 selected papers revealed three primary use cases: patientcentric data management, supply chain management for data provenance, and digital twin development. Notably, most solutions were prototypes or frameworks without real-world implementations. Four overarching themes emerged: data governance (ownership, tracking, privacy), data monetization (commercialization, incentivization, sharing), data protection, and data storage. The focus lies on user-controlled, private, and secure health data solutions. Additionally, data commodification is explored, with mechanisms proposed to incentivize data maintenance and sharing. NFTs are also suggested for tracking medical products in supply chains, ensuring data integrity and provenance. Ethereum and similar platforms dominate NFT minting, while compact NFT storage options are being explored for faster data access. Conclusion: NFTs offer significant potential for secure, traceable, decentralized healthcare data exchange systems. However, challenges exist, including dependence on blockchain, interoperability issues, and associated costs. The review identified research gaps, such as developing dual ownership models and data pricing strategies. Building an open standard for interoperability and adoption is crucial. The scalability, security, and privacy of NFT-backed healthcare applications require further investigation. Thus, this study proposes a research agenda for adopting NFTs in healthcare, focusing on governance, storage models, and perceptions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Smart Contract Vulnerability Detection Based on Deep Learning and Multimodal Decision Fusion.
- Author
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Deng, Weichu, Wei, Huanchun, Huang, Teng, Cao, Cong, Peng, Yun, and Hu, Xuan
- Subjects
DEEP learning ,BLOCKCHAINS ,ELECTRONIC paper ,SMART structures ,MACHINE learning ,SOURCE code - Abstract
With the rapid development and widespread application of blockchain technology in recent years, smart contracts running on blockchains often face security vulnerability problems, resulting in significant economic losses. Unlike traditional programs, smart contracts cannot be modified once deployed, and vulnerabilities cannot be remedied. Therefore, the vulnerability detection of smart contracts has become a research focus. Most existing vulnerability detection methods are based on rules defined by experts, which are inefficient and have poor scalability. Although there have been studies using machine learning methods to extract contract features for vulnerability detection, the features considered are singular, and it is impossible to fully utilize smart contract information. In order to overcome the limitations of existing methods, this paper proposes a smart contract vulnerability detection method based on deep learning and multimodal decision fusion. This method also considers the code semantics and control structure information of smart contracts. It integrates the source code, operation code, and control-flow modes through the multimodal decision fusion method. The deep learning method extracts five features used to represent contracts and achieves high accuracy and recall rates. The experimental results show that the detection accuracy of our method for arithmetic vulnerability, re-entrant vulnerability, transaction order dependence, and Ethernet locking vulnerability can reach 91.6%, 90.9%, 94.8%, and 89.5%, respectively, and the detected AUC values can reach 0.834, 0.852, 0.886, and 0.825, respectively. This shows that our method has a good vulnerability detection effect. Furthermore, ablation experiments show that the multimodal decision fusion method contributes significantly to the fusion of different modalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. EDITORIAL: Introduction to the Special Issue Based on Papers Presented at the Business Model Conference 2022.
- Author
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Montemari, Marco
- Subjects
BUSINESS conferences ,BUSINESS models ,BLOCKCHAINS - Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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25. Research on Privacy Protection of Technology Service Transactions Based on Blockchain and Zero-Knowledge Proof.
- Author
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Zhu, Jialin, Feng, Wenlong, Zhong, Wang, Huang, Mengxing, and Feng, Siling
- Subjects
PRIVATE security services ,DIGITAL certificates ,PRIVACY ,ELECTRONIC paper ,BLOCKCHAINS - Abstract
In view of the problem that the transaction privacy in the current blockchain technology service is easy to be leaked, a bulletproof alliance chain technology service transaction privacy protection mechanism is proposed. Firstly, this paper uses digital certificates as access mechanisms and stores them on the chain to ensure that the identity of technical service transactions is trusted. Secondly, the transaction data of the technical service user is hidden in the Pedersen commitment, and the Bulletproof is used to build the scope proof. Enable the verifier to conduct confidential verification of the legitimacy of the transaction without obtaining the sensitive information of the transaction, so as to ensure that the user's transaction privacy is not disclosed. Finally, the security and privacy of the proposed privacy protection scheme are analyzed, and the comparison with other zero-knowledge proof schemes shows that the scheme has the advantages of strong privacy, scalability, and low storage cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. A topic modelling analysis of white papers in security token offerings: Which topic matters for funding?
- Author
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Bongini, Paola, Osborne, Francesco, Pedrazzoli, Alessia, and Rossolini, Monica
- Subjects
BLOCKCHAINS ,DIRICHLET problem ,HEALTH care industry ,ENERGY consumption ,DIGITAL technology - Abstract
Security token offerings (STOs), based on blockchain technology, are attracting increasing attention as an innovative alternative means of venture financing. Information about specific STOs is generally provided in white papers. This study analyses the content of white papers using a unique sample of 188 STOs from 2017 to 2021 to identify which topic is related to campaign success. We leverage latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) topic modelling to identify the topics and themes in white papers. Nine topics are identified through LDA: company description, distributed ledger technology components, energy and green issues, financial and legal issues, artificial intelligence, and tech applications in different industries—specifically, healthcare, manufacturing and construction, education, and financial services. We find that energy and green issues represent one of the most prominent topics among all types of projects and that their disclosure is positively related to the probability of campaign success and the amount of funding raised. Another prominent topic that affects campaign outcomes is technology in the healthcare industry, reflecting wider investment trends in this sector. Our results may help entrepreneurs to improve their campaign disclosures and present new issues for policymakers regarding investments in digital tokens. • An integrated framework of STOs success is proposed by combining topic modelling with other campaigns' indicators. • Company's energy consumption and green impact is one of the most dealt topics among all types of projects. • The technological components in the healthcare field is a topic related to the campaign success • Energy consumption and green issues must be adequately disclosed to affect campaign success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Editorial Note to the Special Issue: "Trends and Applications in Information Systems and Technologies".
- Author
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Ilieva, Galina and Tsihrintzis, George A.
- Subjects
INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems ,DIGITAL technology ,DATA mining ,BLOCKCHAINS ,INFORMATION processing - Abstract
This document is an editorial note introducing a special issue of the journal Electronics on the topic of "Trends and Applications in Information Systems and Technologies." The note highlights the importance of information technologies in reshaping business models and improving operational efficiency. It also discusses the challenges associated with information systems, such as cybersecurity issues and data-centric decision-making processes. The special issue includes fourteen selected papers covering topics such as the adoption of blockchain technology, digital business solutions, ICT penetration, processing and information extraction in information systems, and innovative applications of information systems. The note concludes by expressing the hope that readers will find the special issue informative and inspiring for further research. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Recent advancement of block chain in health care.
- Author
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Mukhopadhyay, Koushik, Chattopadhyay, Sitikantha, Dutta, Subhra Prokash, Bhattacharyya, Sonali, Pal, Souvik, and Alzeyadi, Ahmed Kareem
- Subjects
BLOCKCHAINS ,MANAGEMENT of medical records ,MEDICAL care ,TECHNICAL literature ,BITCOIN - Abstract
Block chain is one of the burning research topics which is fully decentralized digital procedure for data exchange in a secure and protective way. There are other names of the same technology in published literature like Distributed Ledger Technology etc. One of its very popular applications is bitcoin. In this paper mainly the comprehensive overview of healthcare in Block chain Technology has been discussed in details which secure the important medical data in the field of health care. It also accelerates the up gradation of medical record management, information claim procedure and bio medical research. In this paper, at first we have drawn attention on fundamental concepts of Block Chain and elaborated some relevant works which used Blockchain as the main technology for ensuring security. We have mainly focused on the papers published in past three to four years so that we can understand the research progress in this field. At the last, we have filtered those papers to find out the work progress in the field of health care only. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. A study of Bitcoin using scientometric analysis from 2011-2019.
- Author
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Purnomo, Agung, Sari, Anita Kartika, Aziz, Abdul, Irawan, Dasapta Erwin, and Sugiantoro, Sugiantoro
- Subjects
BITCOIN ,ELECTRONIC money ,ARTIFICIAL intelligence ,COMPUTER science ,CRYPTOCURRENCIES ,BLOCKCHAINS ,DATA visualization - Abstract
Bitcoin in the last decade, has become increasingly popular as a form of electronic currency. This paper aims to review the status and visual map position of research in the internationally Bitcoin studies indexed Scopus that used a bibliometric positioning overview. The research was carried out using bibliometric techniques. Data analysis as well as visualization utilizing VOS Viewer program and the Scopus function for analyze search results. In this review, the details collected applied to 3,281 documents issued from 2011 through 2019. The study reveals that Bouri, E. and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Studies were the most active individual scientists and affiliated institutions in Bitcoin studies. In bitcoin studies, the Computer Science and Lecture Notes in Computer Science Including Subseries Lecture Notes In Artificial Intelligence And Lecture Notes In Bioinformatics were the most areas of study and dissemination sources. There were one worldwide group maps with collaborative researchers. In order to identify the body of knowledge created from eight years of publication, this study constructed a convergence axis grouping comprising of bitcoin studies: Bitcoin, E-Finance, Blockchain, Privacy, Cybercrime, Computation, and Systems, abbreviated as the theme BFBPCCS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. A Systematic Mapping of the Emergence of Blockchain and Business Applications: A Literature Review.
- Author
-
Paghadal, Vatsal and George, Benjamin
- Subjects
BLOCKCHAINS ,INDUSTRIAL management ,CRYPTOCURRENCIES ,BANKING industry ,INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems - Abstract
Blockchain, also known as the Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) behind cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, has gotten a lot of attention from both professionals and scholars, and it's starting to change how companies operate. The systematic mapping approach is used in this study to review current papers about blockchain applications and analysis in various business areas (accounting, banking, information systems, marketing, and supply chain). Fifty primary papers were collected from several scientific sources using the prescribed steps of the systematic mapping process. There is a discussion of research gaps and potential future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
31. The Decentralized Smart Contract Certificate System Utilizing Ethereum Blockchain Technology.
- Author
-
Wankhede, Disha, Gaikwad, Vidya, Karnik, Madhuri, Mishra, Vaishali, Kekane, Anish, Kapase, Shivraj, and Bakkam, Onkar
- Subjects
BLOCKCHAINS ,CONTRACTS ,ELECTRONIC paper ,OPTICAL disks ,COLLEGE students ,FORGERY - Abstract
This research paper presents an innovative approach to address the challenges associated with platitudinous paper certificates and electronic certificates. These challenges include issues such as preservation, management, verification inconvenience, poor reliability, and susceptibility to counterfeiting and tampering. The suggested approach involves an autonomous certificate system leveraging blockchain technology and smart contracts. Tailored for university students engaged in innovation and entrepreneurship competitions, this platform is intended to offer blockchain-based certification services. Within this system, various functions related to certificates, such as management, issuance, verification, and revocation, are executed through smart contracts. Structured data within these contracts stores information about signers, certificate templates, and certificate details. This structure simplifies the process of querying and validating certificates, all the while maintaining their security and authenticity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Blockchain-based privacy and security preserving in electronic health: a systematic review.
- Author
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Kiania, Kianoush, Jameii, Seyed Mahdi, and Rahmani, Amir Masoud
- Subjects
ELECTRONIC security systems ,ELECTRONIC health records ,PRIVACY ,MEDICAL research personnel ,BLOCKCHAINS - Abstract
In today's world, health and medicine play an undeniable role in human life. Traditional and current Electronic Health Records (EHR) systems that are used to exchange information between medical stakeholders (patients, physicians, insurance companies, pharmaceuticals, medical researchers, etc.) suffer weaknesses in terms of security and privacy due to having centralized architecture. Blockchain technology ensures the privacy and security of EHR systems thanks to the use of encryption. Moreover, due to its decentralized nature, this technology prevents central failure and central attack points. In this paper, a systematic literature review (SLR) is proposed to analyze the existing Blockchain-based approaches for improving privacy and security in electronic health systems. The research methodology, paper selection process, and the search query are explained. 51 papers returned from our search criteria published between 2018 and Dec 2022 are reviewed. The main ideas, type of Blockchain, evaluation metrics, and used tools of each selected paper are discussed in detail. Finally, future research directions, open challenges, and some issues are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Provenance Data Management in Health Information Systems: A Systematic Literature Review.
- Author
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Sembay, Márcio José, de Macedo, Douglas Dyllon Jeronimo, Júnior, Laércio Pioli, Braga, Regina Maria Maciel, and Sarasa-Cabezuelo, Antonio
- Subjects
MANAGEMENT information systems ,DATA management ,HEALTH information systems ,COMPUTER science ,COMPUTER science conferences ,CONFERENCE papers ,BLOCKCHAINS - Abstract
Aims: This article aims to perform a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to better understand the structures of different methods, techniques, models, methodologies, and technologies related to provenance data management in health information systems (HISs). The SLR developed here seeks to answer the questions that contribute to describing the results. Method: An SLR was performed on six databases using a search string. The backward and forward snowballing technique was also used. Eligible studies were all articles in English that presented on the use of different methods, techniques, models, methodologies, and technologies related to provenance data management in HISs. The quality of the included articles was assessed to obtain a better connection to the topic studied. Results: Of the 239 studies retrieved, 14 met the inclusion criteria described in this SLR. In order to complement the retrieved studies, 3 studies were included using the backward and forward snowballing technique, totaling 17 studies dedicated to the construction of this research. Most of the selected studies were published as conference papers, which is common when involving computer science in HISs. There was a more frequent use of data provenance models from the PROV family in different HISs combined with different technologies, among which blockchain and middleware stand out. Despite the advantages found, the lack of technological structure, data interoperability problems, and the technical unpreparedness of working professionals are still challenges encountered in the management of provenance data in HISs. Conclusion: It was possible to conclude the existence of different methods, techniques, models, and combined technologies, which are presented in the proposal of a taxonomy that provides researchers with a new understanding about the management of provenance data in HISs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Editorial Policy.
- Subjects
EDITORIAL policies ,BLOCKCHAINS ,CRYPTOCURRENCIES ,MANAGEMENT information systems ,DISTRIBUTED databases ,AUDITING ,INFORMATION technology ,GEOGRAPHIC information systems ,LITERATURE reviews - Abstract
The Journal of Information Systems (JIS) is an academic journal that publishes high-quality research on Accounting Information Systems (AIS). The journal welcomes research articles and commentaries that contribute to AIS or IS/IT-related accounting or auditing research. JIS aims to engage a broad audience, including researchers from various disciplines and professionals in accounting-related services and technology firms. The journal covers a wide range of topics, including artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, data analytics, and more. JIS follows a rigorous review process and encourages concise and clear communication of research findings. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Construction of Virtual Marketing Interactive Platform for Digital Twin Innovation and Entrepreneurship Based on Blockchain.
- Author
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Huang, Sen-Huang, Day, Jen-Der, Shu, Ming-Hung, Huang, Hsiao-Chun, and Huang, Jui-Chan
- Subjects
DIGITAL twins ,BLOCKCHAINS ,INTERACTIVE marketing ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,DATA structures ,ELECTRONIC paper ,DIGITAL media - Abstract
With the rapid development and application of internet technology, people are gradually entering a state of digital life. However, it is difficult for digital assets to be circulated with a unified standard protocol. Blockchain has the characteristics of decentralization, trustworthiness, and immutability, which can be used to solve the above problems. Although virtual marketing technology shows great potential, as a form of organization that is difficult to manage, there is still a lack of experience in the form factors and operation mechanism of a virtual business model. Therefore, combined with the realistic background, this paper built a digital twin innovation and entrepreneurship virtual marketing interactive platform based on blockchain. The article analyzed the data structure of the blockchain and completed the construction of the platform operation mode. It studied the encryption and decryption process of cryptography and expanded the ciphertext space, then the blockchain is encrypted and decrypted again, and finally, a chi-square analysis is performed. After building the platform, it conducted market research and analyzed the main operating indicators of the A platform on the market. Then, it compared the uncertain string preprocessing enumeration length change and the index occupied space between the platform constructed in this paper and the platform in the literature. The comparison results have shown that the index proposed in this paper is 320 MB in 8 iterative calculations, while the bibliographic index starts at 10000 MB and keeps increasing during the iterative calculation process. The two are not in the same order of magnitude, illustrating the superiority of the platform in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. A Smart Campus Implementation Architecture Based on Blockchain Technology.
- Author
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Lu, Jin and Wu, Bo
- Subjects
BLOCKCHAINS ,DIGITAL transformation ,EDUCATIONAL technology ,ARCHITECTURAL designs ,ELECTRONIC paper ,DATA warehousing - Abstract
With the application of 5G technology in the field of education, the construction of smart campus has set off a wave of digital transformation. At the same time, the traditional smart campus is also facing the exponential growth of the number of Internet of Things devices, servers, and application terminals, which makes it difficult to achieve flat management. In view of the current difficulties in the construction of smart campus, this paper proposes smart campus architecture based on blockchain technology. Unlike the traditional smart campus architecture, this paper combines the characteristics of decentralization, high confidentiality, and data sharing of block chain with the Internet of Things technology, which greatly reduces the demand for data storage and physical network equipment. The new smart campus architecture plans the application of smart education based on blockchain, and provides a new solution model and research ideas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. The concept of decentralization through time and disciplines: a quantitative exploration.
- Author
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Di Bona, Gabriele, Bracci, Alberto, Perra, Nicola, Latora, Vito, and Baronchelli, Andrea
- Subjects
SCIENTIFIC discoveries ,COMPUTER science ,POLITICAL science ,BLOCKCHAINS ,DISCIPLINE of children - Abstract
Decentralization is a pervasive concept found across disciplines, including Economics, Political Science, and Computer Science, where it is used in distinct yet interrelated ways. Here, we develop and publicly release a general pipeline to investigate the scholarly history of the term, analysing 425 , 144 academic publications that refer to (de)centralization. We find that the fraction of papers on the topic has been exponentially increasing since the 1950s. In 2021, 1 author in 154 mentioned (de)centralization in the title or abstract of an article. Using both semantic information and citation patterns, we cluster papers in fields and characterize the knowledge flows between them. Our analysis reveals that the topic has independently emerged in the different fields, with small cross-disciplinary contamination. Moreover, we show how Blockchain has become the most influential field about 10 years ago, while Governance dominated before the 1990s. In summary, our findings provide a quantitative assessment of the evolution of a key yet elusive concept, which has undergone cycles of rise and fall within different fields. Our pipeline offers a powerful tool to analyze the evolution of any scholarly term in the academic literature, providing insights into the interplay between collective and independent discoveries in science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. 基于三链的艺术品区块链存证溯源模型.
- Author
-
袁 健 and 王雪凤
- Subjects
- *
PROBLEM solving , *PAPER arts , *ALGORITHMS , *DATA warehousing , *CHAIN stores , *BLOCKCHAINS , *PUBLIC key cryptography - Abstract
In order to solve the problems of the current art circulation information is not transparent and the centralized trading authority is asymmetric, this paper proposed a art blockchain certificate traceability model based on three chains. First, in view of the large amount of data in a single piece of artwork information, this paper proposed a blockchain-based symmetric searchable encryption algorithm, and used the interplanetary file system to securely store artwork circulation records on-chain and off-chain. Secondly, for the characteristics of the increasing effective data of artwork information, this paper proposed a blockchain-based inverted fast query and traceability algorithm to help data users realize fast traceability and positioning. At the same time, this paper proposed for the first time that the false information alliance chain stores false art circulation records to realize the processing of false information. Finally, experiments verify the feasibility of the model for big data security storage and fast query traceability. Experiments show that the model is feasible and the query method is efficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. A Survey Paper on Academic Certificate Verification Using Blockchain.
- Author
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Shinde, Sushma, Chavan, Avadhoot, Sadhu, Dhananjay, Mane, Shubham, and Chalke, Sujay
- Subjects
BLOCKCHAINS ,ACADEMIC achievement ,DIPLOMAS (Education) ,DIGITAL certificates ,EDUCATIONAL surveys - Abstract
In According to the statistics of the Indian Ministry of Education, there are around 1 million graduates every year, of whom 4,444 will go to the country, high school or university to continue their education and 4,444 will be ready to enter a job. All certificates of achievement, transcripts, graduation certificates etc. received by the students during their education will be important documents for new school or new job admission. Only schools and students entered as schools awarded many awards or certificates. Because there is no effective way to prevent fraudulent transactions, there are often situations that lead to fraudulent certificates. To solve the certificate fraud problem, a digital certificate based on blockchain technology will be prepared. Using modified tools of the blockchain, digital certificates can be created that prevent fraud and have proofs. The process of issuing a digital certificate through the system is as follows. Before creating the electronic file of the certificate, add and store other important information in the file and also calculate the hash value of the electronic file. Finally, the hash value is stored in a block in the chain system. The system will generate an interactive QR code and a question string code to be added to the certificate. The application verifies the authenticity of the certificate by sending a mobile or web query. The system changes the nature of the blockchain, not only increasing the reliability of various certificates, but also electronically reduces the risk of various types of certificates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
40. Construction of a Multimedia Education Resource Security Model Based on Multistage Integration.
- Author
-
Yuan, Lina
- Subjects
DATA security ,SMART devices ,ELECTRONIC paper ,INFORMATION sharing ,DATA integrity ,CRYPTOCURRENCIES ,BLOCKCHAINS - Abstract
A security model of multimedia education resource fusion based on multistage integration of multimedia educational resources is constructed in this paper in the context of smart education. First, the teaching model of multimedia education resource fusion is analyzed and the IoT communication evolution model and functional architecture model are constructed accordingly, based on which the realization path of IoT intelligent sensing, intelligent management, emotional computing, device sharing, and vision simulation functions for smart education are discussed. The security model uses a decentralized cryptographic data security sharing method based on blockchain for protection and supports blockchain to record user attributes to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of data. The experimental and analytical results indicate that the scheme can effectively reduce the computational overhead of smart devices while ensuring the security of data sharing. Moreover, the proposed model in the paper achieves better performance than other methods in terms of security strength, encryption, and decryption time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. A Blockchain-Based Security Model for IoT Systems.
- Author
-
Chen, Bing, Liu, Ding, and Zhang, Ting
- Subjects
INTERNET of things ,BLOCKCHAINS ,INTERNET access ,ELECTRONIC paper ,DATA warehousing - Abstract
The current Internet of Things (IoT) technology has entered a relatively mature development stage, and more and more IoT devices can readily access the Internet. However, along with this, the IoT system still faces fragile security of device nodes, easy data tampering, and low system stability. To this end, this paper proposes a smart contract-based security model for IoT systems. The proposal is based on the super ledger Fabric blockchain platform having decentralised, tamper-proof, and programmable features. These features achieve credible authentication of IoT device nodes on the one hand and tamper-proof data storage on the other hand. Further, with these features, we gain a trustworthy environment for enhancing the security of the whole IoT system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Impediments to Blockchain Adoption.
- Author
-
Appelbaum, Deniz, Cohen, Eric, Kinory, Ethan, and Stein Smith, Sean
- Subjects
BLOCKCHAINS ,ELECTRONIC paper ,ELECTRONIC money ,DATA integrity ,ELECTRONIC data processing - Abstract
Satoshi Nakamoto (2008) published a seminal paper on a promising digital currency application and proposed a distributed ledger technology (DLT) to support it. Shortly thereafter, in 2009, bitcoin and the customized DLT that supports it were established. Although the DLT described by Nakamoto (2008), which packages data into blocks that are then cryptographically chained together (i.e., "block chain," or "blockchain"), possesses features that are desirable for some business applications and/or their auditors, over a dozen years later there is not yet a widescale adoption of blockchain for business operations. This paper explores functionality, data and process integrity, and regulatory concerns as potential explanations for the lag in mainstream business and accounting adoption. We also contextualize some of the concerns that are likely to have delayed blockchain implementation by providing a framework of questions directed at both researchers and practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Scalability of blockchain: a comprehensive review and future research direction.
- Author
-
Rao, Iqra Sadia, Kiah, M. L. Mat, Hameed, M. Muzaffar, and Memon, Zain Anwer
- Subjects
DISTRIBUTED computing ,SCIENCE databases ,PARALLEL processing ,DATA science ,PARALLEL programming ,BLOCKCHAINS - Abstract
This comprehensive review paper examines the challenges faced by blockchain technology in terms of scalability and proposes potential solutions and future research directions. Scalability poses a significant hurdle for Bitcoin and Ethereum, manifesting as low throughput, extended transaction delays, and excessive energy consumption, thereby compromising efficiency. The current state of blockchain scalability is analyzed, encompassing the limitations of existing solutions such as Sharding and off-chain scaling. Various proposed remedies, including layer 2 scaling solutions, consensus mechanisms, and alternative approaches, are investigated. The paper also explores the impact of scalability on diverse blockchain applications and identifies potential future research directions by integrating data science techniques with blockchain technology. Notably, nearly 110 primary research papers from reputable scientific databases like Scopus, IEEE Explore, Science Direct, and Web of Science were reviewed, demonstrating scalability in blockchain comprising several elements. Transaction throughput and network latency emerge as the most prominent concerns. Consequently, this review offers future research avenues to address scalability challenges by leveraging data science techniques like distributed computing and parallel processing to divide and process vast datasets across multiple machines. The synergy between data science and blockchain holds promise as an optimal solution. Overall, this up-to-date understanding of blockchain scalability is invaluable to researchers, practitioners, and policy makers engaged in this domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Multi-source heterogeneous blockchain data quality assessment model for enterprise business activities.
- Author
-
Zhang, Haolin, Zhang, Ran, Li, Su, Du, Likuan, Song, Baoyan, Ji, Wanting, and Wang, Junlu
- Subjects
BLOCKCHAINS ,DATA quality ,AMBIGUITY ,TRUST ,INFORMATION resources ,EVALUATION methodology - Abstract
Blockchain-based applications are becoming more and more widespread in business operations. In view of the shortcomings of existing enterprise blockchain evaluation methods, this paper proposes a multi-source heterogeneous blockchain data quality evaluation model for enterprise business activities, so as to achieve efficient evaluation of business activity information consistency, credibility and value. This paper proposes a multi-source heterogeneous blockchain data quality assessment method for enterprise business activities, aiming at the problems that most of the data in enterprise business activities come from different data sources, information representation is inconsistent, information ambiguity between the same block chain is serious, and it is difficult to evaluate the consistency, credibility and value of information. The method firstly proposes an entity information representation method based on the Representation learning for fusing entity category information (CEKGRL) model, which introduces the triad structure of related entities in blockchain, then associates them with enterprise business activity categories, and carries out similarity calculation through contextual information to achieve blockchain information consistency assessment. After that, a trustworthiness characterization method is proposed based on information sources, information comments, and information contents, to obtain the trustworthiness assessment of the business. Finally, based on the information trustworthiness characterization, a value assessment method is introduced to assess the total value of business activity information in the blockchain, and a blockchain quality assessment model is constructed. The experimental results show that the proposed model has great advantages over existing methods in assessing inter-block consistency, intra-block activity information trustworthiness and the value of blockchain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Ensuring Secure and Tamper Resistant Election with Blockchain Powered Online Voting.
- Author
-
Andure, Vaibhav Babasaheb, Vir Singh, Gunjan Ajay, Patil, Shivani Sanjay, and Patil, Sachin
- Subjects
BLOCKCHAINS ,INTERNET voting ,DEMOCRATIZATION ,DATA integrity ,CRYPTOGRAPHY ,INTERNETWORKING - Abstract
This research paper explores the evolution of voting systems, assessing vulnerabilities in traditional methods and investigating blockchain technology as a solution. Traditional voting systems encounter challenges concerning security, transparency, and accessibility, prompting a transition towards blockchain-based online voting. Blockchain, originating from cryptocurrencies, decentralizes control, thereby enhancing transparency, integrity, and security in elections. Real-world case studies from Estonia and West Virginia offer insights into implementation and successes. Ethical considerations, including privacy and consent, alongside societal impacts like inclusivity and democratization, are scrutinized. The proposed blockchain-based voting system prioritizes decentralization, tamper resistance, and interoperability. Security measures incorporate cryptographic techniques and multi-factor authentication. Transparency is assured through a publicly accessible blockchain ledger, facilitating an auditable voting process. The paper addresses challenges like voter accessibility and election anonymity, proposing mitigation strategies. Future directions entail integrating blockchain with AI and machine learning for interoperability and standardization. Collaboration among policymakers, technologists, and researchers is pivotal for advocating secure, transparent, and accessible blockchain-based voting systems, with the goal of fostering globally participatory elections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Hybrid Architectures Used in the Protection of Large Healthcare Records Based on Cloud and Blockchain Integration: A Review.
- Author
-
Lopez, Leonardo Juan Ramirez, Millan Mayorga, David, Martinez Poveda, Luis Hernando, Amaya, Andres Felipe Carbonell, and Rojas Reales, Wilson
- Subjects
BLOCKCHAINS ,MANAGEMENT of electronic health records ,COMMUNICATION infrastructure ,DATA integrity - Abstract
The management of large medical files poses a critical challenge in the health sector, with conventional systems facing deficiencies in security, scalability, and efficiency. Blockchain ensures the immutability and traceability of medical records, while the cloud allows scalable and efficient storage. Together, they can transform the data management of electronic health record applications. The method used was the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology to choose and select the relevant studies that contribute to this research, with special emphasis set on maintaining the integrity and security of the blockchain while tackling the potential and efficiency of cloud infrastructures. The study's focus is to provide a comprehensive and insightful examination of the modern landscape concerning the integration of blockchain and cloud advances, highlighting the current challenges and building a solid foundation for future development. Furthermore, it is very important to increase the integration of blockchain security with the dynamic potential of cloud computing while guaranteeing information integrity and security remain uncompromised. In conclusion, this paper serves as an important resource for analysts, specialists, and partners looking to delve into and develop the integration of blockchain and cloud innovations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. The impact of migration and digitisation on global remittance volumes and socioeconomic development.
- Author
-
Shah, Sachin
- Subjects
REMITTANCES ,BLOCKCHAINS ,ECONOMIC impact analysis ,HUMAN migration patterns ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
This paper studies the impact of migration and digitisation on global remittance volumes. It finds that changes in migration trends are not only improving the financial status of the families affected but also positively affecting the flow of income for some low and middle-income countries, contributing significantly to their gross domestic product, and thus providing them with more money to spend on social infrastructure. At the same time, increasing digitisation within the remittance industry is driving greater efficiency and thus reducing the cost of remittance and, in turn, reducing reliance on traditional and less efficient information-based remittance approaches, such as hawala. The paper uses both graphical analysis and regression analysis to illustrate the economic impact of migration trends and technological innovation in the remittance sector. Looking to the future, the paper predicts exciting times for the remittance industry due to further shifts in migration patterns and the adoption of new digital technologies, such as distributed ledger technology and blockchain. The paper calls for more opportunities for similar investigations as well as studies into how factors such as stringent implementation and the enforcement of financial crime regulation and policy frameworks by governments have a bearing on the growth of the remittance industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Blockchain of Things: Benefits, Challenges and Future Directions.
- Author
-
Biswas, Kamanashis, Chowdhury, Mohammad Jabed Morshed, and Usman, Muhammad
- Subjects
BLOCKCHAINS ,INTELLIGENT transportation systems ,DATA privacy ,ARTIFICIAL intelligence - Abstract
This document is a summary of a special issue on the topic of the integration of blockchain and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. The special issue includes 11 papers that explore various applications and challenges related to this integration. The papers cover topics such as blockchain applications in cultural heritage preservation, energy trading, educational record-keeping, and collaborative manufacturing. Additionally, the papers discuss smart contract security and vulnerability detection, security and privacy in blockchain technology, and the integration of blockchain in wireless networks. Overall, the papers contribute innovative ideas and methodologies that have the potential to enhance the security, privacy, and efficiency of IoT-enabled blockchain ecosystems. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. AutoXchange: Decentralized Website for Car Reselling.
- Author
-
Dange, Varsha, Sonone, Aditya, Suryawanshi, Aditya, Sonawane, Yash, and Suryawanshi, Tanmayee
- Subjects
TRANSACTION costs ,BLOCKCHAINS ,FRAUD ,AUTOMOBILE sales & prices ,AUTOMOBILES - Abstract
When it comes to the car buying and selling market it is constantly developing and increasing at a fast rate. However, the traditional car market system is very centralized, has high transaction costs, less transparency, and lacks proper management of physical records. These parameters play a very important role when it comes to buying or selling. But these flaws in traditional systems can be removed using blockchain technology. Blockchain provides high security, and more transparency, and reduces the cost required for the intermediaries in the process. This paper proposes a decentralized system AutoXchange which helps users to buy or resell their cars without any complications like fraud or mismanagement. The system provides security and transparency between the parties. AutoXchange provides features like vehicle registration, making a vehicle for sale, or in case of a buyer sending a request to the owner as an interest in buying his car, also provides a secure platform to perform transactions of money. As this system is decentralized the intermediary cost are also removed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
50. Blockchain in supply chain management in automotive industry: systematic literature review.
- Author
-
Vuković, Vuk, Duc Tran Anh, Marić, Radenko, Rashwan, Abdalla, Henningsen, Sebastian, Sliwa, Malgorzata, and Ubiparipović, Bogdan
- Subjects
BLOCKCHAINS ,SUPPLY chain management ,BUSINESS process management ,AUTOMOBILE industry - Abstract
Background: Although Blockchain Technology (BT) is one of the innovations that has considerable potential to improve business processes and enable new services for potential users, its implementation in supply chain management (SCM) of the automotive industry is only at its beginnings. From the growing number of publications focused on this issue, it is evident that the application of BT would significantly contribute to the development of the automotive industry and improve the supply chain of automotive components. Purpose: In this regard, the paper aims to analyze the challenges to the implementation of BT in SCM in the automotive industry sector through a systematic review of the literature and precise definition of the advantages and limitations that appear in supply chains after the application of BT. Study design/methodology/approach: The research is based on the application of systematic literature review methods. The paper presents the results and conclusions of 21 studies based on the search criteria outlined by the Web of Science, Scopus, and SpringerLink index databases. Findings/conclusions: The results suggest that insufficiently developed technology, lack of clear guidelines for implementation, incomplete standardization, legislative ambiguity, conflicts and insufficient cooperation between chain members appear as the biggest challenges for BT implementation. On the other hand, BT has great potential in reducing costs, providing higher quality products and services, and improving chain visibility in the automotive industry. Limitations/future research: The analysis of the papers in the above mentioned databases exclusively in English and the absence of empirical research stand out as the most prominent shortcomings. However, the obtained results of this study represent a quality basis for future research, which, judging by the popularity of the issue, will increase in frequency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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