1,167 results
Search Results
2. Impact of strategic HR practices on innovation performance: examining the mediation of differentiation and cost-effectiveness
- Author
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Trivedi, Karishma and Srivastava, Kailash B.L.
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- 2024
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3. Exploring HR practitioner’s perspective on linking of employer branding and porter’s generic strategies: an alignment of business and HR strategy
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Dixit, Aparna Sameer
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- 2024
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4. Corporate social responsibility, business strategy and governance performance
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Elmassri, Moataz, Kuzey, Cemil, Uyar, Ali, and Karaman, Abdullah S.
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- 2023
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5. The mysterious world of airline pricing: innovative practices and strategies for profit
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Kohli, Chiranjeev S. and Habibi, Mohammad Reza
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- 2023
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6. Demoralizing: integrating J.D. Peters’ communication “chasm” with Niklas Luhmann’s (1989) ecological communication to analyze climate change mitigation inaction
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Miller, Jacob A.
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- 2022
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7. Adaptive governance: learning from what organizations do and managing the role they play
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van Assche, Kristof, Valentinov, Vladislav, and Verschraegen, Gert
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- 2022
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8. Disentangling the performance implications of new venture status: competitive vulnerability, resource scarcity or strategic flexibility?
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Wang, Lucas Liang, Dai, Qing, and Gao, Yan
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- 2023
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9. Business strategy and classification shifting: Indian evidence
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Bansal, Manish and Bashir, Hajam Abid
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- 2023
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10. The role of knowledge management processes in leveraging competitive strategies to achieve firm innovativeness
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Trivedi, Karishma and Srivastava, Kailash B.L.
- Published
- 2022
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11. Temporality—Variations on a Theme of Hans Loewald: An Introduction to a Relational Panel.
- Author
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Moscovitz, Seymour
- Subjects
GUILT (Psychology) ,MERGERS & acquisitions - Abstract
This paper introduces apanel on temporality in the work of Hans Loewald, presented at an IARPP conference in 2022. The presenters highlight Loewald's idea that the experience of time shapes our understanding of ourselves and the world. Each author applies Loewald's notion of temporality to clinical material: Cheryl Goldstein uses the image of a"rift" in our relationship to time in her treatment of ayoung woman unable to bear the guilt of separating from adepressive mother. Shoulamit Milch Reich and Amir Atsmon present the case of atraumatized young boy unable to integrate, or link, the dimensions of past, present, and future, resulting in fragmentation and psychic collapse. Robin Young and Gila Ofer each explore gender development through aLoewaldian lens in which regressive wishes can safely emerge in treatment and ego development resume. Implicit in these presentations is the seminal influence of Loewald on clinical work and his integrative appeal across psychoanalytic orientations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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12. Cross-sectoral collaboration: comparing complex child service delivery systems
- Author
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Blanken, Mariëlle, Mathijssen, Jolanda, van Nieuwenhuizen, Chijs, Raab, Jörg, and van Oers, Hans
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- 2022
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13. Analyzing earnings management preferences from business strategies
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Purba, Golrida Karyawati, Fransisca, Cornelia, and Joshi, Prem Lal
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- 2022
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14. It’s not justice if it’s not for all: cross-level interaction of interactional justice differentiation and supervisory justice on psychological safety and conflict
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Afshan, Gul, Serrano-Archimi, Carolina, Riaz, Amir, Kashif, Muhammad, and Khuhro, Mansoor Ahmed
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- 2022
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15. An empirical research on developing a logistics performance scale
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Coşkun, Artuğ Eren and Erturgut, Ramazan
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- 2022
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16. Organizational structure and convergent change: explanatory factors in SMEs
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Marín-Idárraga, Diego Armando and Hurtado González, José Manuel
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- 2021
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17. Under pressure: exploring pressures for corporate social responsibility in mutual funds
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Putnam Rankin, Caddie
- Published
- 2021
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18. From fertilised oocyte to cultivated meat – harnessing bovine embryonic stem cells in the cultivated meat industry.
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Zehorai, Eldar, Maor-Shoshani, Ayelet, Molotski, Natali, Dorojkin, Anastasya, Marelly, Nitzan, Dvash, Tami, and Lavon, Neta
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MEAT industry ,EMBRYONIC stem cells ,PLURIPOTENT stem cells ,CELL suspensions ,OVUM ,PUBLIC health ,BOS ,ANIMAL welfare - Abstract
Global demand for animal protein is on the rise, but many practices common in conventional production are no longer scalable due to environmental impact, public health concerns, and fragility of food systems. For these reasons and more, a pressing need has arisen for sustainable, nutritious, and animal welfare–conscious sources of protein, spurring research dedicated to the production of cultivated meat. Meat mainly consists of muscle, fat, and connective tissue, all of which can be sourced and differentiated from pluripotent stem cells to resemble their nutritional values in muscle tissue. In this paper, we outline the approach that we took to derive bovine embryonic stem cell lines (bESCs) and to characterise them using FACS (fluorescence-activated cell sorting), real-time PCR and immunofluorescence staining. We show their cell growth profile and genetic stability and demonstrate their induced differentiation to mesoderm committed cells. In addition, we discuss our strategy for preparation of master and working cell banks, by which we can expand and grow cells in suspension in quantities suitable for mass production. Consequently, we demonstrate the potential benefits of harnessing bESCs in the production of cultivated meat. Global demand for sustainable, nutritious, and animal welfare–conscious protein sources encourages research dedicated to the production of cultivated meat. In this paper, we outline the approach that we took to produce bovine embryonic stem cell lines and present our strategy to expand and grow cells in quantities suitable for mass production. Our work demonstrates the potential benefits of harnessing bESCs in the production of cultivated meat. Photograph by Dr. Irena Vertkin (researcher, R&D department, Aleph Farms). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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19. Differentiation in education: a configurative review.
- Author
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Eikeland, Ingunn and Ohna, Stein Erik
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INDIVIDUALIZED instruction ,CLASSROOMS ,TEACHERS ,STUDENT teaching ,OPERATIONAL definitions ,ABILITY grouping (Education) - Abstract
Differentiation in education can be seen as a means of responding to student diversity in order to meet the vision of a school for all. Differentiation has been widely addressed within a western context, and it appears to be a versatile phenomenon as it occurs under various guises and with a variety of terms and modes of operationalizations. The aim of this configurative review is to investigate how differentiation appears in the international context and to contribute to a much-needed overview of the concept. Analysis of 28 scientific papers representing a broad range of national affiliations resulted in two main findings. First, differentiation is a complex idea that appears to be presented either as differentiating students or differentiating teaching. Four perspectives for approaching differentiation further illustrate the complexity of the phenomenon: differentiation as individualization, differentiation as adaptation to specific groups, differentiation as adaptations within diverse classrooms, and differentiation in a system perspective. Second, the analysis revealed that there are almost no studies transcending the focus on teachers and the classroom by addressing the organizational or system/policy level. This review argues for the benefits that a more system-oriented perspective of differentiation would provide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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20. The Drivers of Market Orientation and its Impact on Export Performance of Serbian Firms.
- Author
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Njegić, Katarina, Milanović, Vesna, and Stankov, Biljana
- Abstract
In the field of international business, examination of the link between a market orientation (MO) and an export performance (EP) is quite popular. However, mechanisms through which MO affects EP have not been sufficiently investigated. The aim of this paper was to examine direct and indirect impact of MO on EP, as well as drivers of MO. In this paper, MO is defined as organisational culture. Based on the structure-conduct-performance paradigm and Resource-Based View, a model was formulated and tested on a sample of 121 large and medium-sized exporters operating in the Republic of Serbia. The method applied was partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Obtained results indicate that there is a direct and positive effect of relational resources and competitive intensity on MO. It was also found that MO affects EP directly, and that differentiation strategy partially mediates the relationship between MO and EP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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21. Asymptotic numerical method for hyperelasticity and elastoplasticity: a review.
- Author
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Potier-Ferry, Michel
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ELASTOPLASTICITY ,PARTIAL differential equations ,NONLINEAR differential equations ,CONTINUATION methods ,POWER series ,ELASTICITY - Abstract
The literature about the asymptotic numerical method (ANM) is reviewed in this paper as well as its application to hyperelasticity and elastoplasticity. ANM is a generic continuation method based on the computation of Taylor series for solving nonlinear partial differential equations. Modern techniques of high-order differentiation provide simple tools for computing these power series, the corresponding algorithms for finite strain elasticity and elastoplasticity being summarized here. Taylor series is not only a computation tool, but it contains also useful information about the structure of the considered solution curve. The paper ends with a short historical account about the development of this numerical method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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22. Memristive Circuit Design of Associative Memory With Generalization and Differentiation.
- Author
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Han, Juntao, Cheng, Xin, Xie, Guangjun, Sun, Junwei, Liu, Gang, and Zhang, Zhang
- Abstract
Reinforcement, extinction, generalization and differentiation are all basic principles of Pavlov associative memory. Most memristive neural networks that simulate associative memory only consider reinforcement and extinction, while ignoring differentiation and generalization. In this paper, a memristive circuit of associative memory with generalization and differentiation is proposed to solve the above problem. It implements the functions of learning, forgetting, long-term memory, generalization and differentiation. Learning and forgetting correspond to reinforcement and extinction in associative memory respectively. Spontaneous recovery, in which forgotten reflexes can reappear in the absence of an unconditional stimulus, is also discussed here. Besides, a special differentiation method that takes into account the time delay is designed and demonstrated. The proposed memristive circuit of associative memory provides a reference for the theoretical research and application of artificial neural networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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23. Knockdown of long non-coding RNA HOTAIR promotes bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell differentiation by sponging microRNA miR-378g that inhibits nicotinamide N-methyltransferase
- Author
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Wei, Wang, Tao, Li, and Shibo, Feng
- Subjects
hotair ,Down-Regulation ,Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit ,Bioengineering ,osteogenic ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,stomatognathic system ,Osteogenesis ,Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase ,Animals ,Humans ,Cells, Cultured ,Cell Differentiation ,Mesenchymal Stem Cells ,mir-378g ,differentiation ,General Medicine ,osteoporosis ,Up-Regulation ,MicroRNAs ,Female ,RNA, Long Noncoding ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Research Article ,Research Paper ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is associated with a serious social and economic burden. Recent studies have shown that the differential expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is closely related to OP. However, the specific molecular mechanism of HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) remains to be elucidated. The expression of HOTAIR and miR-378g in OP patients was detected using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were isolated and cultured, and osteogenic differentiation was induced. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) were detected by qRT-PCR, ELISA, and Western blotting. Calcium deposition was measured using Alizarin red s (ARS) staining. Molecular interactions between HOTAIR, miR-378g, and nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) were detected using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. HOTAIR expression was upregulated and miR-378g level was downregulated in OP patients. HOTAIR expression decreased during the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Silencing HOTAIR or NNMT reduced ALP and RUNX2 levels and promoted calcium deposition. The overexpression of HOTAIR or interference with miR-378g inhibited the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. HOTAIR negatively regulates miR-378g by targeting NNMT. HOTAIR is an miR-378g sponge that targets NNMT, inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, and provides a valuable target for the treatment of OP.
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- 2021
24. Increased proliferation and differentiation capacity of placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells from women of median maternal age correlates with telomere shortening
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Erika N Guerrero, Shantal Vega, Cindy Fu, Davis Beltran, Ruth De León, and Mairim Alexandra Solis
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Senescence ,Homeobox protein NANOG ,Adult ,Aging ,Adolescent ,proliferation ,Placenta ,Cell ,Biology ,Andrology ,Young Adult ,Pregnancy ,medicine ,telomere length ,Humans ,Telomere Shortening ,Cell Proliferation ,mesenchymal stem cells ,Cell growth ,Mesenchymal stem cell ,Cell Differentiation ,Cell Biology ,differentiation ,Telomere ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Adipogenesis ,multipotent markers ,Female ,Research Paper ,Maternal Age - Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) experience functional decline with systemic aging, resulting in reduced proliferation, increased senescence, and lower differentiation potential. The placenta represents a valuable source of MSCs, but the possible effect of donor age on the properties of placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PDMSCs) has not been thoroughly studied. Thus, the aim of this study was to underscore the effect of maternal age on the biological characteristics and stemness properties of PDMSCs. PDMSCs were isolated from 5 donor age groups (A: 18-21, B: 22-25, C: 26-30, D:31-35 and E: ≥36 years) for comparison of morphological, proliferative and differentiation properties. The pluripotency markers NANOG, OCT4, and SSEA4, as well as multipotency and differentiation markers, showed higher expression in PDMSCs from mothers aged 22-35 years, with up to a 7-fold increase in adipogenesis. Cumulative population doubling, cell growth curves, and colony-forming unit-fibroblast assays revealed higher self-renewal ability in donors 26-30 years old. An increase in the proliferative characteristics of PDMSCs correlated with increased telomere shortening, suggesting that shorter telomere lengths could be related to cellular division rather than aging. A clear understanding of the effect of maternal age on MSC regenerative potential will assist in increasing the effectiveness of future cell therapies.
- Published
- 2021
25. Reverse transcription–enzymatic recombinase amplification coupled with CRISPR-Cas12a for rapid detection and differentiation of PEDV wild-type strains and attenuated vaccine strains
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Ying Shao, Qi Liu, Xiangjun Song, Kankan Yang, Yue-qiao Liang, Wuyin Zhang, Yanan Li, Jian Tu, Kezong Qi, and Dongdong Yin
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Swine ,CRISPR-Associated Proteins ,CRISPR-Cas12a ,RT-ERA ,Vaccines, Attenuated ,PEDV wild-type strains ,Biochemistry ,Analytical Chemistry ,Recombinases ,Viral Proteins ,Bacterial Proteins ,Recombinase ,Animals ,CRISPR ,Swine Diseases ,Trans-activating crRNA ,Endodeoxyribonucleases ,Attenuated vaccine ,biology ,Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus ,biology.organism_classification ,Virology ,Reverse transcriptase ,Open reading frame ,Differentiation ,Nucleic acid ,CRISPR-Cas Systems ,Attenuated vaccine strains ,Coronavirus Infections ,Research Paper - Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an enteric coronavirus that causes acute watery diarrhea and vomiting in unweaned piglets, and is associated with high mortality, thus causing severe economic losses in the pig industry. Currently, although attenuated vaccines are commonly used in commercial pig farms in China, they do not completely protect against all mutated wild-type strains. Existing nucleic acid assays have high sensitivity and specificity, but the complexity of the assay process and expensive instrumentation hinder disease detection. Here, reverse transcription–enzymatic recombinase amplification (RT-ERA) was combined with the CRISPR-Cas12a system to develop a rapid diagnostic method to distinguish PEDV wild-type strains from attenuated vaccine strains. The protocol used crRNA and RT-ERA amplification primers against open reading frame 3 (ORF3), followed by Cas12a/crRNA complex detection of predefined target sequences at 37 °C for 30 min, thus producing results visible to the naked eye under LED blue light. The assay is highly sensitive and specific, detecting as few as two copies of the target gene per test and showing no cross-reactivity with other porcine pathogens. Overall, this integrated RT-ERA pre-amplification and Cas12a/crRNA cleavage assay is a practical tool for reliable and rapid detection of PEDV for diagnostic differentiation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00216-021-03716-7.
- Published
- 2021
26. Sprouty1 regulates gonadal white adipose tissue growth through a PDGFRα/β-Akt pathway
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Shivangi Pande, Robert A. Koza, Xuehui Yang, and Robert Friesel
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Cell signaling ,Histology ,Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha ,Physiology ,proliferation ,Adipose Tissue, White ,White adipose tissue ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,Receptor tyrosine kinase ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Mice ,Fibrosis ,Internal medicine ,Adipocyte ,medicine ,QP1-981 ,Animals ,Risk factor ,Metabolic disease ,PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway ,QH573-671 ,biology ,Stromal Vascular Fraction ,fungi ,fibrosis ,Membrane Proteins ,cell signalling ,Cell Biology ,differentiation ,RC648-665 ,medicine.disease ,Phosphoproteins ,Endocrinology ,Sprouty1 ,chemistry ,Adipose Tissue ,biology.protein ,Cytology ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ,Research Article ,Research Paper - Abstract
Expansion of visceral white adipose tissue (vWAT) occurs in response to nutrient excess, and is a risk factor for metabolic disease. SPRY1, a feedback inhibitor of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling, is expressed in PDGFRa+ adipocyte progenitor cells (APC) in vivo. Global deficiency of Spry1 in mice results in disproportionate postnatal growth of gonadal WAT (gWAT), while iWAT and BAT were similar in size between Spry1KO and WT mice. Spry1 deficiency increased the number of PDGFRa+ stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells in gWAT and showed increased proliferation and fibrosis. Spry1KO gWAT had increased collagen deposition and elevated expression of markers of inflammation. In vitro, SPRY1 was transiently down regulated during early adipocyte differentiation of SVF cells, with levels increasing at later stages of differentiation. SPRY1 deficiency enhances PDGF-AA and PDGF-BB induced proliferation of SVF cells. Increased proliferation of SVF from Spry1KO gWAT accompanies an increase in AKT activation. PDGF-AA stimulated a transient down regulation of SPRY1 in wild type SVF, whereas PDGF-BB stimulated a sustained down regulation of SPRY1 in wild type SVF. Collectively, our data suggest that SPRY1 is critical for regulating postnatal growth of gWAT by restraining APC proliferation and differentiation in part by regulation of PDGFRa/b-AKT signaling.
- Published
- 2021
27. Neuroblastoma differentiation type diagnosis algorithm based on Dense-U-Net using whole slide images.
- Author
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Wan, Zhenzhen, Liu, Yuwei, Liu, Fang, Shi, Ning, Zhang, Nan, and Liu, Xiuling
- Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a type of peripheral neuroblastic tumor and is a common malignant solid tumor in children with significant biological heterogeneity and rapid development. Determining the type of differentiation is important in predicting the prognosis of neuroblastoma and making early judgments on postoperative treatment plans. The whole slide images of neuroblastoma offer high resolution that greatly facilitates clinical reading. However, the high resolution of these images makes computer-aided diagnosis quite challenging. To address the challenge, we propose in this paper a network model based on the traditional encoder-decoder structure of U-Net. The model uses DenseNet as the encoder to extract features of image, initializes network weights by transfer learning, and builds the decoder based on the up-sampling module and dense block to extract different types of cells. K-means algorithm is used to cluster and count the poorly differentiated cells and differentiated cells, identifying the histopathological types and the prognostic effects. Our experimental results demonstrate that our model performs excellently, having achieved 97.55% of segmentation accuracy, 92.10% and 89.02% counting accuracy for poor differentiated cells and differentiated cells, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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28. Morphometric evaluation of canine hepatocellular carcinoma using computed tomography: a promising tool for predicting malignancy
- Author
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Hiroshi Ohta, Rommaneeya Leela-Arporn, Noboru Sasaki, Genya Shimbo, and Mitsuyoshi Takiguchi
- Subjects
Multivariate analysis ,Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ,Canine Hepatocellular Carcinoma ,hepatic tumor ,Malignancy ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Lesion ,Dogs ,medicine ,Internal Medicine ,Animals ,Dog Diseases ,Retrospective Studies ,Univariate analysis ,General Veterinary ,Full Paper ,business.industry ,Liver Neoplasms ,Area under the curve ,Odds ratio ,differentiation ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,dog ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Nuclear medicine ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,morphometry - Abstract
The size of canine focal liver lesions (FLLs) is known to be one of the predicting criteria for malignancy. However, there are discrepancies for the measurement of maximum lesion size, resulting in contradicting results among studies and incidences of false positive outcomes. Thus far, the morphometric changes of FLLs for distinguishing malignancy from benignancy remains undocumented. This study aimed to investigate morphometric characteristics of FLLs using computed tomography (CT). CT images of 40 dogs with histopathological confirmation of 49 liver lesions, including 39 hepatocellular carcinomas and 10 nodular hyperplasias were retrospectively reviewed. The morphometric parameters including size (long and short axis diameters measured on transverse image), shape (measured by long to short axis (L/S) ratio), volume, and surface appearance of a liver lesion were evaluated using univariate and stepwise multivariate analyses, respectively. The results of univariate analysis showed that long and short axis diameters, L/S ratio, volume, and surface appearance of a lesion were significantly different between hepatocellular carcinomas and nodular hyperplasias. Multivariate analysis revealed that short axis diameter (>3.30 cm; odds ratio (OR): 36.1, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.36-387.05, P=0.0031) and L/S ratio (>1.23; OR: 18.1, 95% CI: 1.61-205.12, P=0.0191) were independent predictors of malignancy, with the area under the curve of 0.9154. These results suggest that the combination of short axis diameter and L/S ratio is a promising tool for predicting liver malignancy with outstanding discriminating ability.
- Published
- 2021
29. THE BACK STORY ON DEVELOPING THE CONCEPT OF DIFFERENTIATION, AS SEEN IN THE MURRAY BOWEN ARCHIVES.
- Author
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Rakow, Catherine M.
- Subjects
HUMAN behavior ,BEHAVIORAL assessment ,SELF-perception ,ARCHIVES ,NATIONAL archives - Abstract
This article describes Dr. Murray Bowen's original research from which the concept of differentiation of self emerged. Bowen's extension of the concept ultimately developed into the science of human behavior now known as Bowen theory. The descriptions here are taken from materials in the Bowen archives at the National Library of Medicine and from the Bowen family materials in Williamsburg, Virginia. Late in his life, when Bowen was drafting his 1988 epilogue "An Odyssey Toward Science" for the book Family Evaluation, he did a thorough review of the earliest periods of the development of his theory. These notes, along with his papers going back fifty years, are now in the archival collection at the National Library of Medicine. Bowen's review, coupled with the actual works from that time, offers a solid opportunity to document his path toward a theory that would extend Freudian theory to integrate more closely with breakthroughs in other sciences. While he maintained a respect for Freud's efforts, when the data supported an alternative theory, Bowen went with the data. This article describes this process, especially with regard to the origin of his concept of differentiation of self, and illuminates the value of the Bowen archives for understanding how the theory originated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
30. A Bibliometric Analysis of the Spatial Transcriptomics Literature from 2006 to 2023.
- Author
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Zhao, Shu-Han, Ji, Xin-Yu, Yuan, Guo-Zhen, Cheng, Tao, Liang, Hai-Yi, Liu, Si-Qi, Yang, Fu-Yi, Tang, Yang, and Shi, Shuai
- Subjects
- *
BIBLIOMETRICS , *TRANSCRIPTOMES , *ARTIFICIAL intelligence , *DATABASES , *MEDICAL research - Abstract
In recent years, spatial transcriptomics (ST) research has become a popular field of study and has shown great potential in medicine. However, there are few bibliometric analyses in this field. Thus, in this study, we aimed to find and analyze the frontiers and trends of this medical research field based on the available literature. A computerized search was applied to the WoSCC (Web of Science Core Collection) Database for literature published from 2006 to 2023. Complete records of all literature and cited references were extracted and screened. The bibliometric analysis and visualization were performed using CiteSpace, VOSviewer, Bibliometrix R Package software, and Scimago Graphica. A total of 1467 papers and reviews were included. The analysis revealed that the ST publication and citation results have shown a rapid upward trend over the last 3 years. Nature Communications and Nature were the most productive and most co-cited journals, respectively. In the comprehensive global collaborative network, the United States is the country with the most organizations and publications, followed closely by China and the United Kingdom. The author Joakim Lundeberg published the most cited paper, while Patrik L. Ståhl ranked first among co-cited authors. The hot topics in ST are tissue recognition, cancer, heterogeneity, immunotherapy, differentiation, and models. ST technologies have greatly contributed to in-depth research in medical fields such as oncology and neuroscience, opening up new possibilities for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Moreover, artificial intelligence and big data drive additional development in ST fields. Spatial transcriptomics (ST) technologies and application prospects. (1) Imaging-based approaches, including in situ sequencing (ISS)—where transcripts are amplified and sequenced in tissue—and ISH-based approaches—where imaging probes are sequentially hybridized in tissue. (2) NGS-based techniques, in which positional information is encoded onto transcripts prior to NGS sequencing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Re-pairing and At-onement: Cohering Difference in Loewald's Concept of Development.
- Author
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Goldstein, Cheryl
- Subjects
CONCORD ,GRIEF - Abstract
Among the theoretical contributions made by Hans Loewald, some of the most meaningful address the developmental process of differentiation from a primary or original unity into "id-ego and objects." This differentiation requires "separation, loss, and restitution," and results in a shift from oneness/unity to at-onement, a connection that bears within it the trace of the separation it emends. A parallel dynamic plays out in the shift from identification to internalization in Loewald's work. The author identifies this dynamic as cohering difference, a structural interaction in both intra- and inter-psychic processes graphically illustrated by the hyphen in Loewald's concept of "at-onement." The author examines these processes and the significance of cohering difference, illustrated by Loewald's idea of "linking," and presents a clinical example in which loss, grief, identification, and internalization play key roles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Unpacking the 'developing' country classification: origins and hierarchies.
- Author
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Barros Leal Farias, Deborah
- Abstract
The division of the world into 'developing' and 'developed' countries has grown increasingly problematic in the past decades. Nonetheless, it remains embedded in legal documents, foreign policy discourse, and colloquial use. This paper explores this complexity by unpacking the different ways in which the 'developing' label is used in the international system. It argues that understanding the complexity around its use requires a rigorous analysis of the label's diverse meanings and consequences. This is done by introducing a taxonomy that intersects two elements: (1) the source of the classification (External or Internal) and (2) the kind of hierarchy implied in the classification (Narrow or Broad). This two-by-two matrix generates four approaches in which the 'developing' vs 'developed' dichotomy is used: Technocratic, Elective, Northern Gaze, and Southern Solidarity. Each approach is explored empirically, illustrated by cases connected to international organizations and multilateral treaties. In doing so, the paper teases out the underlying reasons why the use of the dichotomy is so challenging, based on what kinds of contestation it generates, and which actors are pushing for demise or longevity (and where). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Breaching the EU governance by decompression.
- Author
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Havlík, Vratislav and Hloušek, Vít
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EUROPEAN integration ,NONCOMPLIANCE ,POLITICAL change - Abstract
This paper introduces the concept of decompression as a specific process of differentiation. Decompression can be anchored as one of the phenomena of non-compliance, representing a distinctive phenomenon, however. Governments or leaders acting in a decompression way are not Eurosceptics and they do not want to reverse the course of integration. We define decompression as a sudden violation of an EU rule by a member state, which leads to immediate disruption of shared trust in a basic EU policy or principle. In the case of a crisis, we can see a 'compression', an unexpected crisis-driven demand placed on domestic institutions. Decompression is a relaxation of this pressure triggering the non-application of an EU policy or principle in reaction to changes external to the political equilibrium. It sheds new light on the persistent power of individual politicians to compromise European integration in an unintended way, so far under-reported by the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. How Movement Habits Become Relevant in Novel Learning Situations.
- Author
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Barker, Dean, Larsson, Hakan, and Nyberg, Gunn
- Subjects
HABIT ,PHYSICAL education teachers - Abstract
Purpose: To (a) present a theoretical framework that describes how learners' movement habits become relevant in the development of movement capability and (b) present data that illustrate how this process occurs in practice. Method: An investigation with preservice physical education teachers was conducted in two phases. The first phase involved examining participants' movement habits, and the second phase involved examining the participants' development of novel capabilities in the context of unicycling. Results: Empirical materials from two participants are presented as case studies. The cases demonstrate how different sets of movement habits interact with novel tasks, making the demand for creative action more or less likely. The cases also demonstrate how subjective and physical elements are interwoven. Finally, the cases provide insights into potentially productive habits for movement learning. Discussion/Conclusion: The paper is concluded with pedagogical implications, including a consideration of how crises might be managed in educational contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Education for sustainable development among rich and poor: didactical responses to biopolitical differentiation.
- Author
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Bylund, Linus
- Subjects
- *
SUSTAINABLE development education , *PHILOSOPHY of education , *SOCIAL responsibility - Abstract
Previous literature informed by biopolitical theory has shown how global education for sustainable development differentiates between populations by assigning different roles, responsibilities, and lifestyles to rich and poor. Taking these arguments as a point of departure, this paper first identifies three different 'problems' pertaining to biopolitical differentiation within this literature and then elaborates on potential didactical responses to such problematic differentiation. The suggested didactical responses draw on Judith Butler's theories of vulnerability, Jacques Rancière's ideas of a presupposition of equality, and Michel Foucault's writing on ethics and self-formation. The paper contributes to previous research on biopolitical differentiation in education for sustainable development by suggesting potential didactical responses to the problematics put forth in these works. It also contributes to previous literature on how Butler's, Rancière's and Foucault's theories are relevant to education by relocating the arguments to the context of global implementation of education for sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Un-solvable crises? Differential implementation and transboundary crisis management in the EU.
- Author
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Cabane, Lydie and Lodge, Martin
- Subjects
CRISIS management ,UNEMPLOYMENT ,BANKING industry ,CRISES ,INTRODUCED species - Abstract
Much has been said about how crises in the EU create disintegration or differentiation pressures. Considerable attention has been paid to EU crisis governance mechanisms. Yet, less attention has been paid to the anticipation of effects of differentiated implementation on transboundary crisis management regimes. This article asks how differential policy integration accommodates the anticipation of differential implementation through institutional choices in transboundary crisis management regimes. Concerns about the consequences of national customisation influence the way in which transboundary crisis management regimes develop in terms of allocation of authority and constraints on member state discretion. The paper compares EU transboundary crisis regimes in four sectors: banking, electricity, youth unemployment, and invasive alien species. Concerns with ongoing differential implementation of transboundary crisis management generate further inevitable tensions in governance systems, leading to continued contestation over institutional arrangements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. The key to scaling in the digital era: Simultaneous automation, individualization and interdisciplinarity.
- Author
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Gartner, Johannes, Maresch, Daniela, and Tierney, Robert
- Subjects
DIGITAL technology ,SMALL business ,AUTOMATION ,COMPETITIVE advantage in business ,MARKET value - Abstract
In this paper, we develop a theoretical framework that explains how digital technologies can help small businesses generate competitive advantages for scaling. To gain and sustain competitive advantages, small businesses traditionally had to choose between cost leadership and differentiation strategies. Digital technologies enable small businesses to reduce their costs and at the same time enhance the value of their market offerings through differentiation. The aim of this paper is to explain the role of digital technologies in such hybrid strategies for small businesses. We first identify automation, individualization and interdisciplinarity as the three dimensions of digital technologies that together enable technology-driven firms to gain and sustain competitive advantages and to scale rapidly. Second, we integrate these three dimensions into a theoretical framework. Third, we test and confirm the theoretical framework in an explanatory case study and discuss the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Validation of a design orientation scale in the trade and tourism sectors and assessment of its impact on firms' performance.
- Author
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Cantó-Primo, Mónica, Gil-Saura, Irene, and Frasquet-Deltoro, Marta
- Abstract
The aim of this paper is to validate a multidimensional measurement of design orientation and test its links with marketing design integration and competitive advantage in trade and tourism companies. Structural equations modelling was used to analyse data from 421 service firms. The results show that design orientation helps firms to achieve a competitive advantage and thus improve their relationship with service users and their business effectiveness. This study provides trade and tourism firms with an instrument to accomplish design orientation by assessing its constituent dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Million Dollar Question: What is the Most Effective and Equitable Way to Deliver Services to Advanced Learners?
- Author
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Mammadov, Sakhavat and Hertzog, Nancy B.
- Subjects
SCHOOL districts ,SCHOOL administrators ,INSTITUTIONAL racism ,ADVICE ,BEST practices ,ABILITY grouping (Education) - Abstract
School district administrators must address structural racism and inequitable access to advanced learning opportunities in their school districts. District administrators in one large district in the northwestern part of the United States sought research-based advice by asking the authors to provide the answer to the "million-dollar" question, " What is the most effective and equitable way to deliver services to advanced learners? " This paper shares the response provided to the school district and discusses the complexity of the question. Based on a systematic literature review of best practices in the field of gifted education, we share our findings in three categories: (1) administrative structures, (2) pedagogy of gifted education, and (3) social and emotional considerations for advanced learners. We conclude by offering recommendations drawn from this review to develop a holistic view of programming and serving all students with advanced academic needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. A Framework for Equitable Lesson Development: Designing instruction to support meaningful, relevant, and engaging learning experiences for all students.
- Author
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Ruggirello, Rachel and Brockhouse, Alison
- Subjects
LEARNING ,SCIENCE students ,STUDENTS - Abstract
Equalizing opportunities for students to learn science and engineering in the ways described in the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) requires intentional planning. In this paper, we describe a framework for designing equitable and inclusive science lessons. We then share an example of how this framework was applied to the launch of a fifth-grade science unit, specifying the instructional strategies used to provide students with a meaningful, relevant, and engaging learning experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. AN OVERVIEW OF THE ROMANIAN PROJECT ON TRACEABILITY OF AGRI-FOOD PRODUCTS - IMPLEMENTATION STAGE.
- Author
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Cenușă, A. V. and Arion, F. H.
- Subjects
FOOD industry ,FOOD traceability ,GOVERNMENT policy ,KNOWLEDGE transfer ,BUREAUCRACY - Abstract
Traceability of agri-food products refers to the ability to trace the history of a product through records related to identification data, such as the origin of the materials, the history of processing and the distribution and location of the product after delivery. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance of traceability systems in the Romanian agri-food sector and provides an overview of the project "Strengthening the capacity of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development to develop specific policies and regulations in order to implement a national strategic system for the traceability and integrity of agri-food products". The results were concluded based on bibliographic study, analysis and interpretation of relevant databases and evaluation of the activities performed during the project. Through the activities carried out within the project, the aim is to achieve the following results: a package of public policy proposals, active fund of the simplified legislation, regulations to reduce the administrative burden, procedures for reducing bureaucracy in citizenpublic institutions interaction, transfer of knowledge and creation of new skills for MARD in order to manage public policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
42. Infrastructure as techno‐politics of differentiation: Socio‐political effects of mega‐infrastructures in Kenya.
- Subjects
RURAL population ,INFRASTRUCTURE (Economics) ,RAILROAD design & construction ,MIDDLE class ,CLASS differences - Abstract
The Standard Gauge Railway (SGR) in Kenya, inaugurated in 2017, has been promoted by the Kenyan government as a promise of "development" and "prospering people." This paper demonstrates how, contrary to these narratives, the SGR reiterates the pre‐existing relations of difference mediated by class, geography, and ethnicity. Focusing on material and semiotic forms of the SGR infrastructures, it specifically shows how the railway project functions as the techno‐politics of differentiation that governs by including "prospering publics" of urban middle classes into Kenya's modernist development vision, providing unstable hopes for "development" to more precarious peri‐urban and rural "anticipating populations," but simultaneously constituting "excluded populations" in rural landscapes that are denied the possibility of being a part of the national modernist development vision. Highlighting this intimate relationship between infrastructure, governance, and biopolitics, the paper demonstrates that mega‐infrastructures – differentiating between the publics included in, and the populations excluded from, the state's development visions and practices, as well as unstable subjective dispositions in‐between – engender modalities of non‐belonging that fall outside of (inherently liberal) frames of "citizenship" or a "public" frequently employed in critical infrastructure scholarship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. "Ploughing the land five times": Opium and agrarian change in the ceasefire landscapes of south‐western Shan State, Myanmar.
- Subjects
SMALL farms ,LANDSCAPE changes ,OPIUM ,CAPITAL movements ,BOND market ,MONEYLENDERS - Abstract
This paper explores the relationship between the illicit opium economy and processes of agrarian change in south‐western Shan State, Myanmar. This is a region where opium production has risen significantly since the 1990s despite the declining territorial control of insurgent groups long blamed for the country's illegal drug economy and alongside the deepening integration of the region's agriculture sector into national and global markets. This paper reveals how illicit opium cultivation has offered distressed smallholders a way to mitigate the worsening livelihood insecurities that have accompanied the commercialization of smallholder agriculture. Yet at the same time, opium cultivation has locked farmers into a set of highly unequal social relations that has enabled militias, businesspeople with ties to local (armed) authorities, moneylenders, and agricultural brokers to accumulate capital through their control over rural markets and credit systems while leaving poppy cultivators with little more than the means to reproduce their livelihoods. This paper thus shows how opium cultivation has enabled farmers to respond to worsening precarity by sustaining smallholder farming despite the worsening "reproduction squeeze" facing many households, although the opium economy has simultaneously played an instrumental role in reinforcing and deepening agrarian class relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Effects of differentiation on peak intensity in direct Auger spectra.
- Subjects
AUGERS ,SURFACE analysis ,COMPUTER software ,SPECTRUM allocation - Abstract
A companion paper in this issue of Surface and Interface Analysis (Surf Interface Anal. 2021;1–6. doi: 10.1002/sia.7029) discusses corrections for the effects of analyzer modulation on peak intensity in derivative Auger spectra. Today, most Auger spectra are acquired in the direct mode, E·N(E), and derivatives are taken using a computer program to measure peak intensities (peak‐to‐peak heights) with the background suppressed, for ultimate quantification. In taking a derivative, there is sometimes a choice of the algorithm used for taking the derivative, but the most common method is to use the Savitzky–Golay algorithm. In using the Savitzky–Golay algorithm, there is also a choice in the number of data points used in the differentiation. To improve quantification, Martin Seah suggested using relatively large Gaussian broadening in the differentiation process to reduced effects of line shape differences in measuring signal intensities, as often occur due to chemical effects on spectra. This paper shows the effects of the number of points used with the Savitzky–Golay algorithm in taking the derivative on peak‐to‐peak heights in derivative Auger spectra and how dynamic background subtraction can be used to obtain Auger peak area values independent of the broadening of spectra caused by such differentiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Role of Cytokines and Growth Factors in the Manufacturing of iPSC-Derived Allogeneic Cell Therapy Products.
- Author
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Kao, Chen-Yuan, Mills, Jason A., Burke, Carl J., Morse, Barry, and Marques, Bruno F.
- Subjects
GROWTH factors ,CELLULAR therapy ,CYTOTOXIC T cells ,INDUCED pluripotent stem cells ,KILLER cells ,T cells - Abstract
Simple Summary: Cell therapy is emerging as a promising modality to treat cancers such as hematological malignancies and solid tumors; hence there is a need to develop processes to manufacture and maintain functional and lasting cells. The use of cytokines, as well as transcription and growth factors, is critical to ensure effective cell therapeutics. This is especially important for allogeneic cell therapies that employ induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). The use of iPSC offers the potential to treat a large number of patients with consistent material without relying on limited donor cells and the delay associated with processing immediately before treatment. This paper demonstrates the importance and use of cytokines and growth factors in driving the iPSC-to-effector differentiation and expansion process, which leads to the generation of functional and persistent immune-effector cells such as natural killer cells or T cells. Cytokines and other growth factors are essential for cell expansion, health, function, and immune stimulation. Stem cells have the additional reliance on these factors to direct differentiation to the appropriate terminal cell type. Successful manufacturing of allogeneic cell therapies from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) requires close attention to the selection and control of cytokines and factors used throughout the manufacturing process, as well as after administration to the patient. This paper employs iPSC-derived natural killer cell/T cell therapeutics to illustrate the use of cytokines, growth factors, and transcription factors at different stages of the manufacturing process, ranging from the generation of iPSCs to controlling of iPSC differentiation into immune-effector cells through the support of cell therapy after patient administration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Toward a differentiation-based framework for middle power behavior.
- Author
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Teo, Sarah
- Subjects
MIDDLE powers ,INTERNATIONAL cooperation ,DIFFERENTIATION (Sociology) ,SOCIAL stratification ,CONSTRUCTIVE realism - Abstract
Differentiation is a foundational premise in the study of middle powers, as evident in the way that the relevant literature distinguishes these states from the great powers and smaller states. Despite the underlying assumption of differentiation, the middle power literature has rarely engaged theoretically with the concept. This paper seeks to make more explicit this basis of differentiation in the study of middle powers, by advancing a new framework for middle power behavior that draws on differentiation theory. The framework makes the case that it is the differentiated structure in international politics – a departure from the dominant neorealist understanding of structure – that enables the behavior of middle powers. The effects of this differentiated structure are activated by the relative, relational, and social power politics that middle powers engage in, in a particular time and place. Through this process, middle powers are able to leverage their 'middlepowerness' in international politics by weakening stratification particularly where the great powers are concerned, and strengthening functional differentiation through taking on key and distinctive roles. By putting differentiation at the core of a framework for middle power behavior, the paper strives to make a constructive contribution to the theorizing of middle powers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. 'We must urgently learn to live differently': the biopolitics of ESD for 2030.
- Author
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Bylund, Linus, Hellberg, Sofie, and Knutsson, Beniamin
- Subjects
BIOPOLITICS (Philosophy) ,ENVIRONMENTAL education ,SUSTAINABLE development ,EDUCATION policy ,SOCIAL context - Abstract
Recently, the new global policy framework for implementing education for sustainable development (ESD) – ESD for 2030 – was launched officially. Drawing on Foucauldian theory, this paper explores biopolitical elements in ESD for 2030. The paper contributes to previous research on ESD policy by employing a biopolitical perspective, and by highlighting problematic aspects of the framework's will to include and to adapt to different contexts. The analysis brings attention to the framework's notions of life and to how different human populations are separated. Furthermore, the analysis of the framework demonstrates how notions of transformative pedagogy, community, and the individual, assume the functions of biopolitical techniques. The findings point to a biopolitical differentiation where rich and poor populations are assumed to need different educational interventions, adapted to their socio-economic contexts, in the global educational policy quest for sustainable development. Ultimately, we consider the potential of Foucauldian ethics as an affirmative alternative to the current mode of biopolitical differentiation in global ESD policy [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Designing and providing inclusive ELT materials in times of the global pandemic: a Chilean experience.
- Author
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Glas, Katharina, Catalán, Erica, Donner, Marcel, and Donoso, Carla
- Subjects
LEARNING ,CORONAVIRUS diseases ,EDUCATORS ,STUDENT teachers ,SOCIAL networks - Abstract
The provision of inclusive learning materials has been a longstanding issue in FL education. During the 2020 pandemic, school closures have posed additional challenges to educators seeking to engage learners and provide egalitarian access to learning opportunities. This case study documents a collaborative materials design process when the COVID-19 pandemic forced Chilean schools into remote lessons for a whole school year. The collaboration was based on a small professional learning network consisting of two pre-service teachers and two teacher educators. Two questions were posed: What learning and circumstantial needs had to be considered for materials design and for the process of making the materials accessible to a diverse group of Year-9 EFL learners? What were the benefits and challenges for this networked learning system when searching for solutions? Findings: The combination of different access modes to materials, including paper-based worksheets and social networking, and the provision of internet access to facilitate video conferences, helped to overcome some but not all of the limitations caused by the lack of political commitment to offer solutions at a macro level. Based on a framework that combined principles of Differentiated Instruction, Universal Design for Learning, multimodality and bilingual support, the team developed materials at an appropriate level for most students. However, difficulties regarding differentiation between different learner levels persisted. This study sheds light on the affordances and challenges of a collaborative materials design process in which educators join perspectives to provide materials for greater educational justice in FL classrooms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. An Introduction to Laplace Transforms.
- Author
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B., Divya Baliga
- Subjects
LAPLACE transformation - Abstract
In this paper we shall introducd the Laplce transforms, develop its fundamental properties and illustrate its use to solve linear differential equations with bounday conditions. The paper gives theory, few examples worked on properties and application of Laplace transform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
50. The differentiation of family and school education: historical conditions and current tensions.
- Author
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Vanderstraeten, Raf
- Subjects
INDIVIDUALIZED instruction ,SYSTEMS theory ,EIGHTEENTH century ,NINETEENTH century ,FAMILIES - Abstract
The genesis of the education system is linked with the rapid expansion of school education in the eighteenth and nineteenth century. The genesis of the education system therefore brought about a primary form of differentiation in the education system, viz. the differentiation between family and school. Family education and school education can be seen as differentiated units of a more encompassing unit. This paper explores changes in the relationship between these subsystems with the help of systems theory. We particularly discuss tensions between families and schools that have emerged in recent decades as a consequence of the growing societal impact and status of formal schooling. Highlighting the heterogeneity that exists within the education system, we argue that loose coupling, instead of strict coupling, may have major advantages for the primary subsystems of the education system. In the concluding section, we call for more careful reflections within the education system on the pressures and tensions between its primary subsystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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