Search

Excess oxidative stress generated in the body causes various types of cellular damage, including DNA damage. Certain trace minerals act as antioxidants by functioning as cofactors for antioxidant enzymes. This study was conducted to evaluate the serum and hair concentrations of major antioxidant trace minerals (zinc, manganese, selenium, and chromium) and to determine the association between the oxidative stress marker urinary 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and serum or hair antioxidant trace mineral concentrations, according to the general characteristics of healthy adults. Study participants were selected after screening, and 108 participants aged 19–69 years were finally included. Serum and hair trace mineral concentrations were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and urine 8-OHdG levels were quantified using an ELISA kit. Results showed that urinary 8-OHdG levels were significantly higher in exercisers than in those who did not exercise. Correlation analysis revealed that urinary 8-OHdG was negatively correlated with hair zinc in participants over 60 years of age and with poor health status, and positively correlated with hair chromium in participants with irregular dietary habits. In conclusion, these results suggest that urinary 8-OHdG is particularly correlated with hair zinc and chromium levels. Additional large-scale epidemiological studies are needed to generally confirm these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recent temperature extremes and other associated climatic events pose a detrimental effect to ruminant livestock. To abate this, it is necessary to adopt a functional (biotechnology) approach like the use of nano minerals as feed additives for normal immune function. Nano zinc oxide (nZnO) has demonstrated growth-promoting properties and has been reported to improve antioxidant capacities with high bioavailability recorded in ruminant. This study therefore aimed to research into nano zinc supplementation on growth performance, haematology, serum, oxidative and antioxidant enzymes of West African dwarf (WAD) goats. A total of 18 yearling WAD goats (7.2 ± 0.54 kg) were allocated into 3 treatments of 6 animals per treatment on weight equalization bases. Each group was randomly allotted to three (0, 300 and 600 mg/kg nZnO) experimental diets. Data on haematological parameters, serum minerals and serum biochemical parameters were collected on day 0 and day 84 of the experiment. Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance in a completely randomized design (CRD), and significant means were separated using Tukey's test. It was revealed that West African dwarf goats fed 600 mg/kg nZnO recorded the highest (p < 0.05) PCV and white blood cell values (32.00% and 5.70 × 103/L, respectively) while goats fed 300 mg/kg nZnO recorded the lowest values. At day 84, nZnO supplementation increased serum total protein, globulin and total cholesterol concentration, with higher values (7.57 g/dl, 4.17 g/dl and 95.73 mg/dl) recorded for goats fed 300 mg/kg nZnO. Lower aspartate aminotransferase (66.33 U/L) was observed for goats fed diets containing 300 g/kg nano zinc oxide. Serum minerals (phosphorus, zinc, copper and iron) were elevated in 600 mg/kg nZnO group. Supplementation of nZnO had no significant (p > 0.05) effect on blood superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total bilirubin concentration while reduced (p < 0.05) malondialdehyde (MDA) and urea values were recorded in 300 and 600 mg/kg nZnO supplemented treatments. Goats fed 600 mg/kg nZnO recorded a lower (p < 0.05) glutathione peroxidase value for kidney (24.78 U/mg) and forelimb cut (24.89 U/mg) while kidney, liver and forelimb cut SOD values (4.61, 2.45 and 5.84 U/mg, respectively) were highest at 300 mg/kg nZnO group. The study concluded that supplemented nZnO aided maintenance of and improved the health of the experimental animals through elevated PCV, serum parameters, reduced MDA, urea and other oxidative biomarkers in both serum and organs of West African dwarf goats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Numerous studies have manifested that sperm deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation levels can be lowered by use of antioxidants and some studies have shown the consequences of oral antioxidants on sperm chromatin probity. Supplementation of antioxidants in the body is likely to increase the motility and concentration of sperm, and sperm DNA fragmentation. Specific antioxidants such as CoenzymQ10, Vit-E, C, L-Carnitine are supplemented into the body to decrease oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species further sperm DNA disintegration levels. Supplementation of folate helps in improving the sperm concentration. Further, supplementation of zinc and selenium plays essential role in increasing sperm motility. Objectives: To identify the deficiency of the antioxidants and nutrients in infertile male partner. To study the consequences of antioxidants on motility, morphology and count of sperms. To evaluate sperm DNA disintegration levels before and after performing SCD test. Methodology: This non-invasive methodology includes recording of treatment history and the indications. Counselling of the participants for research will be done. Further protocol include supplementation of antioxidants like CoenzymQ10, Vit-C, E to study their effects on Sperm kinetics, concentration of sperm and Sperm DNA disintegration levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, effect high-energy diet with supplemented with copper and zinc on oxidative stress, leukocyte function and reproductive performance during the transition period in the crossbred cow under tropical settings. Advanced pregnant crossbred cows of two to four parity and lactation yield of >10 L/day were divided into three equal groups (n = 10 cow/group). Group I cows were fed basal diet to serve as control. Group II cows were supplemented with 20% additional concentrate, copper (15.7/kg DM) and zinc (22 mg/kg DM). Group III cows were provided with only energy in the form of 20% additional concentrate. Copper and zinc were supplemented from −4 before to +8 week of calving, whereas concentrate was given from +2 to +8 week after calving. Blood samples were collected at weekly interval from −4 to +8 week of calving. Group II had a significantly lower MDA, higher TAC and decreased activity of SOD and CAT than that of Group I (P < 0.05). Phagocytic activity and lymphocytic activity increased from 3 to 8 weeks postpartum (P < 0.05) in Group II and III indicating early restoration of leukocyte function. Resumption of postpartum oestrus was shorter in group II (P < 0.05). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To measure the serum levels of the oxidative stress markers superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and compare them before and after zinc supplementation in patients with early age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods: We measured serum zinc levels in 65 patients with early AMD. Of these, 29 patients with macular drusen and a serum zinc level <80 μg/dL received oral zinc acetate dihydrate (50 mg/day). Serum trace metal levels (zinc and copper) and oxidative stress marker levels (SOD, MDA, and GPx) were measured at baseline and 12 weeks after the treatment. The macular drusen areas and best-corrected visual acuity were evaluated in 24 participants who attended the 3-month follow-up. Results: MDA level was significantly decreased from baseline to 12 weeks after zinc administration (170.5 ± 100.9 vs. 148.3 ± 57.9 pmol/mL, P = 0.03), while SOD was significantly increased from baseline to 12 weeks after zinc intake (4.2 ± 0.9 vs. 4.6 ± 0.9 U/mL, P = 0.03). The serum zinc level was significantly correlated with the MDA level (P = 0.03, ρ = -0.26). The area of soft drusen was significantly decreased after zinc treatment (1,936,654.9 ± 1,348,267.6 vs. 966,883.9 ± 719,938.1 μmm2, P = 0.04). Conclusions: The levels of oxidative stress markers MDA and SOD decreased and increased, respectively, after oral zinc administration to 24 patients with AMD. The therapeutic effect of zinc treatment on drusen area might differ depending on the drusen phenotype in early AMD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Valproic acid (VPA) is widely used antiepileptic agent which is associated with reproductive toxicity via impairment in oxidative redox. Zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) are trace element with antioxidant effect that known to be essential for spermatogenesis. In the current study, the protective effect of co-administration of Zn and Se on VPA-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats was evaluated. Forty-eight male rats were divided into 8 groups of six (n=6): Control group (treated with normal saline); VPA only (250, 500, 1,000 mg/kg) group; VPA (500 mg/kg) plus Zn (2 mg/kg) group; VPA (500 mg/kg) plus Se (1.5 mg/kg) group; VPA (500 mg/kg) plus a combination of Zn and Se group; and VPA+vitamin E (20 mg/kg) group. The Animals were sacrificed after 28 days of treatment and sperm analysis was taken. Also, evaluation of oxidative stress markers including malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC), glutathione (GSH) and histopathological changes were done on testis tissue. Morphological changes and a significant decrease in motility and sperm count in rats treated with VPA were observed. Also, an increase in oxidative stress marker, including MDA and PC and a decrease in GSH level was evident in VPA group. Zn and Se administration was able to protect against sperm abnormality, ameliorate the histological change in testis tissue, and suppressed the increase in oxidative stress markers induced by VPA. These results indicated that combination therapy with Zn and Se showed better an ameliorative effect than each one alone. Therefore, it can be suggested as an effective supplement for reproductive impairment in VPA-treated patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a common obstetric disease associated with oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, and angiogenic imbalance, whereas zinc (Zn) presents anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. This study is to investigate whether zinc gluconate (ZG) supplementation may ameliorate the early signs, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and pathogenic processes of PE in an animal model. Forty pregnant Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: blank control (treated with normal saline, NS), Zn control (treated with ZG and followed by NS), PE model (treated with NS and followed by nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, L-NAME), and PE intervention (treated with ZG and followed by L-NAME). ZG (5 mg/kg/day) or NS was administered by gavage from day 0 to 19 of gestation, and L-NAME (80 mg/kg/day) or NS was subcutaneously injected from day 4 to 19 of gestation. The blood pressure, urinary protein, and pregnancy outcomes were recorded. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and angiogenic homeostasis were evaluated. PE rats exhibited oxidative stress (reduced SOD, CAT, and GSH, and increased MDA and 3-NT), inflammation (increased IL-6 and TNF-α), and angiogenic imbalance (reduced VEGF and PlGF, and increased sFlt-1). After intervention with ZG, the blood pressure and urinary protein levels were reverted, and the pregnancy outcomes were improved. The oxidative stress, inflammation, and angiogenic imbalance were effectively restored in accompany by increased Zn and MT levels. ZG can ameliorate the early signs and pathological processes of PE in the animal model, indicating the value of zinc supplementation during pregnancy for PE prevention. • ZG effectively antagonizes oxidative stress and inflammation in the PE rat model. • ZG ameliorates symptoms and adverse pregnancy outcomes of PE in the rat model. • ZG supplementation may prevent PE by induction of antioxidant MT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Current evidence is debatable regarding the feasible effects of zinc supplementation on the inflammation and oxidative stress status of adults. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to clarify this inconclusiveness. Methods: Literature search was conducted via online databases such as PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar until June 2020. The overall effect was presented as the weighted mean difference (WMD) at 95 % confidence interval (CI) in a random-effects meta-analysis model. Publication bias was also assessed using Egger's and Begg's statistics Results: In total, 25 clinical trials (n = 1428) were reviewed, which indicated that zinc supplementation significantly affects the concentration of C-reactive protein (WMD: -0.03 mg/l; 95 % CI: -0.06, 0.0; P = 0.029), interlukin-6 (WMD: -3.81 pg/mL; 95 % CI: -6.87, -0.76; P = 0.014), malondialdehyde (WMD: -0.78 µmol/l; 95 % CI: -1.14, -0.42; P < 0.001), and total antioxidant capacity (WMD: 95.96 mmol/l; 95 % CI: 22.47, 169.44; P = 0.010). In addition, a significant between-study heterogeneity and a non-significant increment was reported in nitric oxide (WMD: 1.47 µmol/l; 95 % CI: -2.45, 5.40; P = 0.461) and glutathione (WMD: 34.84 µmol/l; 95 % CI: -5.12, 74.80; P = 0.087). Conclusions: According to the results, zinc supplementation may have beneficial antiinflammatory and anti-oxidative effects in adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oxidative stress is a contributing factor to many chronic diseases. It has been investigated that zinc (Zn) may enhance the antioxidant defense. The current dose-response and time-response meta-analysis aims to determine the efficacy of Zn supplementation in improving antioxidant defense. Scopus, PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and Embase databases were searched systematically up to December 30, 2020. Meta-analysis was performed on human controlled clinical trials using random effects method. To find any source of heterogeneity, subgroup analysis and meta-regression were performed. Trim and fill analysis was used for adjusting the publication bias. To find any non-linear relationship between variables and effect size, dose-response and time-response analyses were performed. Cochrane Collaboration's tool was used for evaluating the quality assessment. A total of 23 controlled clinical trials were analyzed. The range of Zn supplementation duration in various studies was within 4–24 weeks. Zn supplementation did not have beneficial effects on glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity (SMD = −0.34 U/g; 95% CI: -0.93, 0.25; P = 0.258). There were significant increasing effects of Zn supplementation on glutathione (GSH) (SMD = 1.28 μmol/l; 95% CI: 0.42, 2.14; P = 0.003) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels (SMD = 1.39 mmol/l; 95% CI: 0.44, 2.35; P = 0.004). Zn had ameliorative effects on superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity after elimination of publication bias (SMD: 0.84 U/g; 95% CI: 0.12, 1.56, P < 0.05). Zn could also elevate GSH and TAC levels, plus SOD activity after modifying the publication bias. Finally, Zn had no significant effect on GPx activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]