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Simple Summary: This study investigated the efficacy of a carbonate buffer mixture (CBM) for preventing hoof lamella injury associated with subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) in dairy goats over a 17-week period. Twenty-four healthy dairy goats were randomly assigned to control, SARA, or CBM groups. The SARA and CBM groups were subjected to a high-grain feeding regimen to induce SARA, and the CBM group received a daily CBM supplement of 10 g. The CBM group maintained a more stable rumen pH, had lower levels of inflammatory markers, and had a slightly lower incidence of hoof lamellar injury than the SARA group did. These findings suggest that long-term CBM supplementation may mitigate SARA-associated hoof lamella injury in dairy goats by regulating the rumen environment and reducing the levels of harmful metabolites. Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is a prevalent metabolic disorder in highly productive dairy cows that results in serious issues, including hoof lamellar injuries. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of a carbonate buffer mixture (CBM) in preventing hoof lamella injury in dairy goats, a species also susceptible to SARA due to similar feeding practices over a 17-week period. Twenty-four healthy dairy goats were randomly assigned to three groups: control, SARA, and CBM groups. The control group received a standardized diet, whereas the SARA and CBM groups were subjected to a high-grain feeding regimen to induce SARA. The CBM group received a daily supplement of 10 g CBM mixed with their diet. Clinical assessments, including body temperature, rumen pH, inflammatory markers, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and hoof lamellar injuries, were monitored throughout the study. The results showed that the CBM group maintained a more stable rumen pH and had lower levels of inflammatory markers than the SARA group did. The incidence of hoof lamellar injury was slightly lower in the CBM group. These findings suggest that long-term CBM supplementation may mitigate SARA-associated hoof lamella injury in dairy goats by regulating the rumen environment, fostering the growth of healthy bacterial communities, and by reducing the production of harmful metabolites. The use of CBM as a dietary supplement may have significant implications in improving the health, welfare, and productivity of dairy animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microbial communities inhabiting the human body play a crucial role in protecting the host against pathogens and inflammation. Disruptions to the microbial composition can lead to various health issues. Microbial transfer therapy (MTT) has emerged as a potential treatment option to address such issues. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is the most widely used form of MTT and has been successful in treating several diseases. Another form of MTT is vaginal microbiota transplantation (VMT), which involves transferring vaginal microbiota from a healthy female donor to a diseased patient's vaginal cavity with the goal of restoring normal vaginal microbial composition. However, VMT has not been extensively studied due to safety concerns and a lack of research. This paper explores the therapeutic mechanisms of VMT and discusses future perspectives. Further research is necessary to advance the clinical applications and techniques of VMT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is increasingly recognized in veterinary medicine as a potential treatment for various gastrointestinal disorders in horses. The primary objective of FMT is to restore the healthy gut microbiota in horses by transferring fecal material from a healthy donor to a recipient. The mechanism of FMT remains unclear, but it is hypothesized to work by introducing a diverse and balanced microbial community into the recipient's gut, which can then compete with and replace harmful pathogens and promote a healthy gut environment. Therefore, in order to better understand current application of FMT in horses, we conducted this systematic review based on the existing literature. According to the research findings, we discussed the key factors that may influence the efficacy and safety, as well as future application, of FMT in horses. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a technique involving transferring fecal matter from a healthy donor to a recipient, with the goal of reinstating a healthy microbiome in the recipient's gut. FMT has been used in horses to manage various gastrointestinal disorders, such as colitis and diarrhea. To evaluate the current literature on the use of FMT in horses, including its efficacy, safety, and potential applications, the authors conducted an extensive search of several databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, published up to 11 January 2023. The authors identified seven studies that met their inclusion criteria, all of which investigated the FMT application as a treatment for gastrointestinal disorders such as colitis and diarrhea. The authors demonstrated that FMT was generally effective in treating these conditions. However, the authors noted that the quality of the studies was generally suboptimal and characterized by small sample sizes and a lack of control groups. The authors concluded that FMT is a promising treatment option for certain gastrointestinal disorders in horses. Nevertheless, more research is required to determine the optimal donor selection, dosing, and administration protocols, as well as the long-term safety and efficacy of FMT in horses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a newly adapted therapeutic approach in dogs. Although FMT produced a promising effect with little adverse events when treating various canine gastrointestinal disorders, safety concerns and lack of understanding regarding its therapeutic mechanisms are the main reasons limiting its wider application. Therefore, in this paper, we describe the current application and efficacy of canine FMT, as well as possible mechanisms that may be involved in the treatment process. In addition, we also discuss the future prospective of canine FMT regarding selecting donor dogs more efficiently and safely, choosing and pretreating recipient dogs to increase FMT efficacy, choosing more efficient routes of administration and stool storage, as well as its potential applications beyond gastrointestinal issues, including behavior modification and obesity treatment. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an emerging therapeutic option for a variety of diseases, and is characterized as the transfer of fecal microorganisms from a healthy donor into the intestinal tract of a diseased recipient. In human clinics, FMT has been used for treating diseases for decades, with promising results. In recent years, veterinary specialists adapted FMT in canine patients; however, compared to humans, canine FMT is more inclined towards research purposes than practical applications in most cases, due to safety concerns. Therefore, in order to facilitate the application of fecal transplant therapy in dogs, in this paper, we review recent applications of FMT in canine clinical treatments, as well as possible mechanisms that are involved in the process of the therapeutic effect of FMT. More research is needed to explore more effective and safer approaches for conducting FMT in dogs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Allergic diseases are becoming a major healthcare issue in many developed nations, where living environment and lifestyle are most predominantly distinct. Such differences include urbanized, industrialized living environments, overused hygiene products, antibiotics, stationary lifestyle, and fast-food-based diets, which tend to reduce microbial diversity and lead to impaired immune protection, which further increase the development of allergic diseases. At the same time, studies have also shown that modulating a microbiocidal community can ameliorate allergic symptoms. Therefore, in this paper, we aimed to review recent findings on the potential role of human microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract, surface of skin, and respiratory tract in the development of allergic diseases. Furthermore, we addressed a potential therapeutic or even preventive strategy for such allergic diseases by modulating human microbial composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]