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A series of Cd-doped NiO catalysts were prepared and tested in the N 2 O catalytic decomposition reaction. In comparison with NiO, it was found that the Cd 0.04 Ni catalyst showed higher N 2 O decomposition activity in the temperature range of 300–450 °C with or without O 2 , and lower activation energy (77.8 kJ mol−1). The incorporation of Cd into the NiO lattice was verified by X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and Raman spectra. This led to the distortion of the original NiO structure and weakened the Ni-O bond. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results showed that compared with NiO and CdO, Cd 0.04 Ni possessed higher Ni2+ and Cd(n+1)+ contents, which might have been induced by the electron transfer behavior between CdO and NiO. A possible mechanism for active site regeneration and O 2 desorption over Cd 0.04 Ni was proposed. The Cd 0.04 Ni catalyst also exhibited good resistance to NO and O 2. [Display omitted] • Catalytic decomposition of N 2 O over NiO was improved by Cd-doping. • Incorporated Cd led to the lattice distortion of NiO and weakened the Ni-O bonds. • Cd 0.04 Ni exhibited unaffected N 2 O decomposition activity with and without O 2. • A possible electron transfer mechanism on Cd 0.04 Ni was proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]