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The term "Artificial Intelligence" (AI) is increasingly permeating public consciousness as it has gained more popularity in recent years, especially within the landscape of academia and libraries. AI in libraries has been a trending subject of interest for some time, as within the library there are numerous departments that serve a role in collectively contributing to the library's mission. Consequently, it is imperative to consider AI's influence on the digital preservation of historic documents. This paper delves into the historical evolution of preservation methods driven by technological advancements as, throughout history, libraries, archives, and museums have grappled with the challenge of preserving historical collections, while many of the traditional preservation methods are costly and involve a lot of manual (human) effort. AI being the catalyst for transformation could change this reality and perhaps redefine the process of preservation; thus, this paper explores the emerging trend of incorporating AI technology into preservation practices and provides predictions regarding the transformative role of Artificial Intelligence in preservation for the future. With that in mind, this paper addresses the following questions: could AI be what changes or creates a paradigm shift in how preservation is done?; and could it be the thing that will change the way history is safeguarded? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The emergence of the artificial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT in November 2022 has garnered substantial attention across diverse disciplines. Despite widespread adoption in various sectors, the exploration of its application in libraries, especially within the medical domain, remains limited. Aims/Objectives: Many areas of interest remain unexplored like ChatGPT in medical libraries and this review aims to synthesise what is currently known about it to identify gaps and stimulate further research. Methods: Employing Cooper's integrative review method, this study involves a comprehensive analysis of existing literature on ChatGPT and its potential implementations within library contexts. Results: A systematic literature search across various databases yielded 166 papers, with 30 excluded for irrelevance. After abstract reviews and methodological assessments, 136 articles were selected. Critical Appraisal Skills Programme qualitative checklist further narrowed down to 29 papers, forming the basis for the present study. The literature analysis reveals diverse applications of ChatGPT in medical libraries, including aiding users in finding relevant medical information, answering queries, providing recommendations and facilitating access to resources. Potential challenges and ethical considerations associated with ChatGPT in this context are also highlighted. Conclusion: Positioned as a review, our study elucidates the applications of ChatGPT in medical libraries and discusses relevant considerations. The integration of ChatGPT into medical library services holds promise for enhancing information retrieval and user experience, benefiting library users and the broader medical community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examined artificial intelligence and library practice in developing countries: a call for realistic partnership and sustainable collaboration. The highlights of the paper include: current technological state of libraries in developing countries; level of readiness among librarians cum libraries in developing countries to embrace AI tools and related technologies; areas of AI applicability in library and information service delivery; rationalization for realistic partnership and sustainable collaboration; viable institutes and agencies that librarians can collaborate and partner with for all-in-one deployment of AI tools; requisite skills for full integration of AI to library service delivery in developing countries and strategies for efficient deployment of AI. Recommendations were made in view of potential factors that may limit full actualization of viable partnership and sustainable collaborative efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) is increasingly becoming prevalent in libraries and information centres, promising to improve service delivery and efficiency. However, the use of these technologies also poses significant ethical challenges and risks, including bias and discrimination, privacy and security, automation and job displacement, and the lack of human interaction in service delivery. This conceptual paper provides an overview of the key ethical frameworks and principles relevant to the use of AI and ML in libraries and information centres, and analyses how these frameworks can be applied to this specific context. The paper also discusses the potential benefits and risks of these technologies, and provides best practices and strategies for mitigating the ethical risks associated with their use. Finally, the paper highlights the implications of these findings for libraries and information centres, and recommends future research and practice in this area, including on-going evaluation and monitoring of the ethical implications of AI and ML. Overall, this paper underscores the importance of taking a proactive and ethical approach to the use of AI and ML in libraries and information centres to ensure that these technologies are used in a way that aligns with their mission and values, and serves the best interests of their users and society as a whole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We are already living in an algorithmic society. AI policies and regulations are now emerging at the same time as more is learned about the implications of bias in machine learning sets, the surveillance risks of smart cities and facial recognition, and automated decision-making by government, among many other applications of AI and machine learning. Each of these issues raises concerns around ethics, privacy, and data protection. This paper introduces some of the key AI regulatory developments to date and engagement by libraries in these processes. While many AI applications are largely emergent and hypothetical in libraries, some mature examples can be identified in research literature searching, language tools for textual analysis, and access to collection data. The paper presents a summary of how library activities such as these are represented in national AI plans and ways that libraries have engaged with other aspects of AI regulation including the development of ethical frameworks. Based on the sector's expertise in related regulatory issues including copyright and data protection, the paper suggests further opportunities to contribute to the future of ethical, trustworthy, and transparent AI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The objective of the present study is to identify and categorize the dimensions and applications of artificial intelligence in library services. Methodology: The present research method is the meta-synthesis applied using the seven-stage Sandelowski & Barroso to obtain a comprehensive combination of the research subject based on qualitative studies. These steps include the clear problem statement, systematic literature review, search of selected texts, extraction of information provided in texts, analysis and combination of findings, quality control, and presentation of results. The English papers related to the research field from 2010 to 2020 in the Web of Science database and the Persian articles relevant to the research field from 2001 to December 2020 in the Magiran, Noormags, SID, IranDoc, Civilica, Ensani.ir, and ISC databases have been investigated. After concordance of article acceptance criteria, 35 papers out of 1116 retrieved articles were selected for review by the meta-synthesis method. Findings: According to the evaluations performed by the content analysis approach, 35 articles identified with the most overlapping in three topics, eight concepts, and 36 codes for the dimensions of artificial intelligence were labeled in libraries. The research findings indicate that artificial intelligence will play a role in acquisitions, organization, search on databases, reference, book circulation, information retrieval, planning and design and development of the library, and more extensively employed in public services and technical services compared to the library management services. Moreover, by comparing the frequency of application of artificial intelligence in the concepts extracted from the articles, it is concluded that the functions of artificial intelligence mostly affect the circulation department of the library; the reference, information retrieval, and information organization are in the next places, respectively. According to studies, management services are at the lowest level in terms of being affected by the advantages of artificial intelligence. In the indicators section, "diagnosis and understanding of user information need", "selecting the appropriate strategy for search and responding users," and "analysis of question and search strategy" are the most affected indicators, and "knowledge management in the library" and "digital library design" are the least affected indicators by the functions of artificial intelligence. Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that artificial intelligence can make extensive developments in all sections of libraries and will drastically change the library. Identifying the components of artificial intelligence in libraries and adding knowledge in this field makes librarians and information center managers better understand artificial intelligence technology and its potentials for application in different sectors of libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mit Blick auf das Jahr 2040 stellt der Beitrag die Auswirkungen der künstlichen Intelligenz (KI) auf die Bibliotheken dar. Mit der zunehmenden Fähigkeit von Algorithmen, Texte zu generieren, könnten Maschinen in der Lage sein, ganze Bibliotheken zu lesen und auf individuelle Bedürfnisse zugeschnittene Fragen in natürlicher Sprache zu beantworten. Dies könnte dazu führen, dass Informationskompetenz und der Rückgriff auf (veraltete) Bücher für die Nutzer gleichermaßen verzichtbar wird. Dieses Szenario stellt jedoch eine dystopische Zukunft für die institutionelle Informationsversorgung durch Bibliotheken dar; es wird davor gewarnt, zu pessimistisch zu sein. Vielmehr muss festgestellt werden, dass frühere Prognosen über die Auswirkungen der Technologie auf die Bibliotheken falsch waren. Dementsprechend sollte die Zukunft der Bibliotheken nicht in einem aussichtslosen Kampf gegen digitale Trends gesehen werden. Stattdessen sollten sich Bibliotheken an das sich verändernde Umfeld anpassen, indem sie ihre Rolle als Lern- und Wissensinstitutionen neu definieren, die Differenzierungswirkung der digitalen Transformation in den Blick nehmen und sich die Frage stellen, wie das Analoge sich im digitalen Umfeld verändert bzw. wie eine sachgerechte institutionelle Antwort auf diese Veränderung aussehen kann. Looking ahead to 2040, the paper outlines the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on libraries. As algorithms become more capable of generating text, machines could be able to read entire libraries and answer questions tailored to individual needs in natural language. This could make information literacy and reliance on (outdated) books less important for users. However, this scenario represents a dystopian future for institutional information provision by libraries; it is important not to be too pessimistic. Rather, it should be noted that previous predictions about the impact of technology on libraries have been wrong. Accordingly, the future of libraries should not be seen as a hopeless battle against digital trends. Instead, libraries should adapt to the changing environment by redefining their role as institutions of learning and knowledge, looking at the differentiating effects of digital transformation, and asking themselves how the analogue is changing in the digital environment, or what an appropriate institutional response to this change might look like. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This exploratory paper analyzes the definition of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the role played by data to feed decisional systems, bearing in mind that a library does not store data, but identifies the relationships between them and performs a constant work of verification. Evidences the pathology of intelligent systems in today's world and the lack of human ethics, with examples that warn about it. Indicate how Artificial Intelligence will affect future jobs, and how it relates to culture and libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is an overview of bibliometrics, a subfield of library and information science. It briefly explains what bibliometrics is and why it is important in research evaluation and impact analysis. It summarizes the latest development and trends over the past decade. Three major trends are identified and discussed. They are alternative metrics, responsible use of bibliometrics and responsible research evaluation movement, and application of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning in bibliometrics practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A group key agreement protocol allows a set of users to establish a common session key over an open network. A dynamic contributory group key agreement (DCGKA) protocol generates a session key based on contributions of all group members and allows a member to dynamically join or leave this group. Although current DCGKA can resist passive attacks, it cannot resist positive attacks like the man-in-the-middle (MITM) attack. In this paper, we propose a dynamic contributory Group Key Agreement protocol by using Short Signature (called GKA-SS) which uses bilinear map to accomplish the signature and the verification processes. The formal security proof shows that our protocol can resist both active and passive attacks under random oracle model. The informal security analysis indicates that our protocol can obtain backward secrecy, forward secrecy, etc. Besides, we analyze the communication and computation cost of our protocol and simulate it with pypbc library. As compared with TGECDH, our protocol is 2.4 times faster in join phase and 29 times faster in leave phase, when p is 512 bits, q is 160 bits and group size is 256. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]